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More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.comFore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.comINDIVIDUALISTS OF THE WORLD, UNITE! 41would be an individualist like Rand, someone who wanted to createcertain ideas, books, or movies rather than attain a generic level ofsuccess. Within days Rand had identified the differences between herand the neighbor as “the basic distinction between two types of peoplein the world.” She visualized the dim outlines of two clashing characters,the second-hander and the individualist, who would drive the plotand theme of her next novel. 2Rand put these ideas on hold for the next few years, her energies absorbedwith the move to New York. Once she got started again she was methodicalin her approach. For once, money was no object. Much as she hatedWoods, the producer’s populist touch gave Rand what she wanted the most:enough money to let her write full time. Some weeks royalties from Night ofJanuary 16th could reach $1,200 (in today’s dollars, about $16,000), incomethat freed both Ayn and Frank from paid work. 3 By then she had determinedthat the background of her book would be architecture, the perfectmelding of art, science, and business. With the help of librarians at the NewYork Public Library she developed an extensive reading list on architecture,filling several notebooks with details that would color her novel. As withher earlier work, she also wrote extensive notes on the theme, the goal, andthe intention of the project she called “Second-Hand Lives.”In its earliest incarnations the novel was Rand’s answer to Nietzsche.The famous herald of God’s death, Nietzsche himself was uninterestedin creating a new morality to replace the desiccated husk of Christianity.His genealogy of morals, a devastating inquiry into the origins, usages,and value of traditional morality, was intended to clear a path for the“philosophers of the future.” 4 Rand saw herself as one of those philosophers.In her first philosophical journal she had wondered if an individualisticmorality was possible. A year later, starting work on her secondnovel, she knew it was.“The first purpose of the book is a defense of egoism in its real meaning,egoism as a new faith,” she wrote in her first notes, which were prefacedby an aphorism from Nietzsche’s Beyond Good and Evil. Her novelwas intended to dramatize, in didactic form, the advantages of egoismas morality. Howard Roark, the novel’s hero, was “what men should be.”At first he would appear “monstrously selfish.” By the end of the bookher readers would understand that a traditional vice—selfishness—wasactually a virtue. 5