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) Interviews of the women victims: given the restricted number of subjectsinterviewed and the criteria with which they have been identified, reference to thepersonal story was considered only as a clue and a comparison to discuss in moregeneral terms such aspects as:the similarities/differences with the stories of other women;factors which are at the origin of the phenomenon, with attention to theculture to which they belong, to the pre-representation of future conditions, tothe structural conditioning elements, etc.;in general the situation of the Nigerian girls and women victims of the tradein Italy, with particular regard to:o means of management of people and time/space of work on the part of thecriminal organisations,o forms of defence and self-protection put in place by the victims,o nature of the bonds between the victims/exploiters,o specificity of the gender relations,o blackmail,o ways of using the available help resources,o expectations and future projects, etc.perspectives of the tendencies of the phenomenon;the effects of the in place or presumed policies (expulsion, penalise streetprostitution, etc.);the possibility of fighting against the phenomenon of the criminal trade inNigeria and in Italy;the needs to be satisfied to guarantee better support for the victims in Italyand/or in Nigeria;the conditions and the instruments available to obtain results in Nigeria onprevention and adoption of support action to those who return.c) Guidelines of case files: the guidelines already prepared by UNICRI forother similar research appeared suitable and complete, t<strong>here</strong>fore it was maintainedin its entirety, with some simplifications and small additions relating to thedevelopment of the process and to the process strategies put in place by thedefendants (type of lawyer involved, defensive choice, etc.). In the documentationexamined, it was not always possible to find all the information required by thecards: in particular, considering the objectives of the research the quantitativeinformation was put aside. The number of trials taken into consideration makessome information (e.g. the data on the victims) totally indicative. In any case theseappear sufficient to underline the characteristics of the organisations and thefunctional mechanisms that characterise them.d) Interviews to “institutional” subjects, Law Enforcement officials: thequestionnaire already tested in other situations by UNICRI was also used for themost part in this case, with slight variations. However, this instrument was usedwith a certain elasticity considering the double level at which the interview subjectsare placed:on the one hand, for the subjects who hold positions of authority at thenational level, the questions were aimed at reconstructing, starting with theinterpretation and general analysis of available data, an overall view;
on the other hand, for those involved in significant local contexts, thequestions referred to the knowledge and data that emerged from a specificterritorial context and/or from specific investigations undertaken or judicialcases dealt with.The research team, directed and co-ordinated by Franco Prina (Department ofSocial Science of the University of Turin) was composed of:Valeria Ferraris (responsible for interviews of Law Enforcement officials andanalysis of judicial cases);Gabriele Magrin (responsible for interviews of NGO exponents);Roberta Valetti (responsible for interviews of victims, researcher from theAssociazione Rete Ricerca).
Page 1: TRAFFICKINGOF NIGERIAN GIRLSTO ITAL
Page 5 and 6: F O R E W O R D1. Objectives and st
Page 7: and who have identified the most si
Page 11: Case files analysed: Preventive det
Page 15 and 16: Table 2 - Socio-economic situation
Page 17 and 18: Table 3 - Nigerian citizens regular
Page 19 and 20: Table 5 - Social protection permiss
Page 21 and 22: Table 7 - Number of persons charged
Page 23 and 24: Table 8 - Detainee population sub-d
Page 25 and 26: and the United States enables this
Page 27 and 28: C H A P T E R IW a y s a n d p h a
Page 29 and 30: Figure No.2 - Edo State.It is not c
Page 31 and 32: Nigeria. From 1996 in Benin City an
Page 33 and 34: In this variegated framework, the d
Page 36: “Benin City is one of those State
Page 39 and 40: Various privileged witnesses of the
Page 41 and 42: In the first years of the traffic o
Page 43 and 44: pay considerable sums for lodging,
Page 45 and 46: The routesWe find at least three ty
Page 47 and 48: Figure No.5 - Trafficking routes th
Page 49 and 50: The journey overland through Africa
Page 51 and 52: new dispositions and contacts to co
Page 53 and 54: Then he sends her in a taxi to the
Page 55 and 56: T. remains in this house for 21 day
Page 57 and 58: detainees go towards the refectory,
Page 59 and 60:
At this point the organisation esco
Page 61 and 62:
was accepted by the Ivory Coast pol
Page 63 and 64:
B.E. «Yes, I was given a Ghanaian
Page 65 and 66:
Now the documents are “hired”:
Page 67 and 68:
It is understood however that the v
Page 69 and 70:
“There is no Nigerian passport wh
Page 72 and 73:
C H A P T E R I VL i v i n g a n d
Page 74 and 75:
have no shop and then there is no p
Page 76 and 77:
The cost to manage the house and th
Page 78 and 79:
mine since a long time, he can’t
Page 80 and 81:
A feminine managementIn analysing t
Page 82 and 83:
“There are many pimps that when y
Page 84 and 85:
The control of movementThe fact tha
Page 86 and 87:
Physical punishments can be made by
Page 88 and 89:
Control between psychological subje
Page 90 and 91:
arms), tortured in many different f
Page 92 and 93:
C H A P T E R VT h e o r g a n i s
Page 94 and 95:
Each penal procedure on the subject
Page 96 and 97:
Often it is the same madam who move
Page 98 and 99:
Even in numerous recent criminal pr
Page 100 and 101:
work arrangements (…) persons tha
Page 102 and 103:
man all the money she had in the ho
Page 104 and 105:
in the plates and everything and th
Page 106 and 107:
exploitation) has reached an amount
Page 108 and 109:
C H A P T E R V IT h e e n d o f t
Page 110 and 111:
A: «You have to bring me a present
Page 112 and 113:
Often the family is however not abl
Page 114 and 115:
the different evaluations of the as
Page 116 and 117:
The discussions on the possibility
Page 118 and 119:
eal results: to distance herself fr
Page 120 and 121:
of a different culture is very impo
Page 122 and 123:
C H A P T E R V I IC o n s i d e r
Page 124 and 125:
In the case of the girls having mor
Page 126 and 127:
As has been many times noted, the c
Page 128 and 129:
under the profile of the “quality
Page 130 and 131:
person to obtain either relevant re
Page 132 and 133:
Numerous are the criminal juridical
Page 134 and 135:
If the accused claims to not knowin
Page 136 and 137:
sanctions, sometimes, also in prese
Page 138 and 139:
d) Investigative and judiciary co-o
Page 140 and 141:
The reform foresees, under Art. 1,
Page 142 and 143:
which the woman can definitively tu
Page 144 and 145:
witnesses, social operators - agree
Page 146:
and necessary, therefore, to think
Page 149 and 150:
in many cases they are driven to th
Page 151 and 152:
Melossi, D., (2002), “Le teorie s
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