here - Cooperazione Italiana allo Sviluppo

According to some operators some arrivals are also noted in southern Sicilystarting from North Africa 24 (Tunisia and Libya), but the impression that there aresystematic arrivals of Nigerian women in southern Italy is not confirmed byreliable proof, so we do not believe that in this case it is in effect an alternativeroute to the others.Figure No.6 - African map showing the three routes directing to Spain and South Sicily.Organisational meansWhatever the type of the journey is, the women never arrive at the finaldestination in a group; the air journey or the movements from Spain and fromEastern Europe (usually from ex-Yugoslavia) to Italy are carried out seeking topass as much as possible unobserved and therefore moving one or two women as aseemingly normal journey.The women are nearly always accompanied: it can happen that is some partsthey are left alone, but normally there is always someone escorting them who isusually a male. Rarely the person accompanying is the same throughout the wholejourney.24These are sporadic arrivals confused with many other illegals, who depart from Tunisia and Libya.