Gotovina et al Judgement Volume I - ICTY

38594Chamber has received, the Trial Chamber is unable to conclusively determine howmany more projectiles were fired into Knin than was reported. Consequently, based onthe HV artillery reports and having considered the evidence of the witnesses present inKnin that day, the Trial Chamber finds that the HV fired at least 600 artillery projectilesinto Knin from 5 a.m. on 4 August 1995, at least 300 of which were fired during thefirst two or three hours of the attack. Further, based on the testimony of the witnessespresent in Knin, the Trial Chamber finds that the shelling lasted until around midnight.Based specifically on the testimony of Berikoff, Roberts, and Hill, the Trial Chamberfinds that the shelling ended with a short period of shelling of increased intensity.1368. The witnesses present in Knin further consistently testified that shelling startedagain from around 5 a.m. on 5 August 1995 with an initial period of heavy shelling. Theshelling then became sporadic, and ended between 11 a.m. and noon. The TrialChamber notes that the TS-3, TS-4 and the 4th and 7th Guards Brigades reported firingapproximately 300 artillery projectiles into Knin on 5 August 1995. There is furtherevidence indicating that mortars also impacted in Knin on 5 August 1995. Based on thestructure of the HV’s artillery and its reporting system, the Trial Chamber understandsthat such mortar fire would not have been included in the artillery reports in evidence.However, in light of the limited crater analysis evidence the Trial Chamber has receivedand in the absence of other reliable evidence as to how many additional projectiles mayhave been fired, based on the HV artillery reports and having considered the evidence ofthe witnesses present in Knin that day, the Trial Chamber finds that at least 300 artilleryprojectiles were fired into Knin from 5 a.m. on 5 August 1995, at least 100 of which fellduring the first hour of the attack, which lasted until approximately noon that day.1369. With regard to the methods and means employed, the Trial Chamber notes thatHill and Dawes testified that they observed sporadic or ‘harassment’ fire in Knin on themorning of 4 August 1995. Both Forand and Roberts testified of sporadic or intermittentartillery fire throughout the day. Williams testified that he observed sporadic artilleryfire, which he considered ‘harassment’ fire after 2 p.m. on 4 August 1995. According toRajčić, the TS-3 fired 130-millimetre shells on Knin in salvos of two shells every threeminutes for about an hour, by which the HV aimed to disrupt the SVK’s coordination,command, and planning. TS-3 commander Goran Mamić noted in the TS-3 war diarythat from 12:30 p.m. on 4 August 1995 the TS-3 would fire twice at Knin every 15minutes. Further, TS-4 reported firing at least 18 shells at irregular intervals at Knin721Case No.: IT-06-90-T 15 April 2011 `