台灣區道路邊坡崩塌發生機制及防治效益評估方法研究與應用（㆓）

MOTC-STAO-92-03台 灣 ㆞ 區 道 路 邊 坡 崩 塌 發 生 機 制 及防 治 效 益 評 估 方 法 研 究 與 應 用 (㆓)執 行 單 位 : 財 團 法 ㆟ 臺 灣 營 建 研 究 院委 託 機 關 : 交 通 部㆗ 華 民 國 九 十 ㆓ 年 十 ㆓ 月 ㆓ 十 日本 報 告 為 研 究 案 並 不 代 表 交 通 部 意 見

MOTC-STAO-92-03台 灣 ㆞ 區 道 路 邊 坡 崩 塌 發 生 機 制 及防 治 效 益 評 估 方 法 研 究 與 應 用 (㆓)著 者 : 廖 洪 鈞 、 梁 樾 、 林 ㆔ 賢 、 李 維 峰廖 瑞 堂 、 李 ㆔ 畏 、 劉 桓 吉 、 吳 啟 瑞魏 佳 韻 、 游 行 健執 行 單 位 : 財 團 法 ㆟ 臺 灣 營 建 研 究 院委 託 機 關 : 交 通 部㆗ 華 民 國 九 十 ㆓ 年 十 ㆓ 月 ㆓ 十 日

PUBLICATION ABSTRACTS OF RESEARCH PROJECTSSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ADVISORS OFFICEMINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONSTITLE Study of Taiwan Roadway Slope Failure Mechanism and PerformanceEvaluation Methodology and Its Applications ()GOVERNMENTISBN(OR ISSN)PUBLICATIONS PROJECT NUMBERNUMBER1009205054 MOTC-STAO-92-03DIRECTOR GENERALJia,Yu-HuiHONE02-23492860FAX02-23122476E-MAILyh_jea@motc.gov/twSPONSOR STAFFHseu,Shu-WangPHONE02-23492861FAX02-23122476E-MAILsy_hsu@motc.gov.twPROJECT From: Feb. 24, 2003PERIOD To: Dec. 23, 2003RESEARCH AGENCYTaiwan Construction Research InstitutePRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORProfessor Liao, Hong JuengPHONE02-27376583FAX02-27376606E-MAILhjliao@mail.ntust.edu.twPROJECT STAFFLiao, Lin, and LeeADDRESS11F, 190, Sec. 2, Chung_Hsing Road, Hsintien,Taipei, Taiwan 231, R.O.C.PHONE02-89195055PROJECTNT $ 3,700,000BUDGETKEY WORDSslope stability, slope analysis, performance of slopesABSTRACTDue to the special geological and weather conditions, slope mitigation has been one of the most important tasks of theconstruction and maintenance of roadway in Taiwan. In the past decade, great cost and labor effort have been input inthe mitigation and rehabilitation works of highway slope. Therefore, understanding the slope failure mechanism anddeveloping a methodology for evaluation performance (cost effectiveness) of roadway slopes would be of greatinterest of transportation public constructions. In an effort to promote such study, the Minister of Transportation andCommunication (MOTC) has proposed the dedicated research project as one of the scheduled tasks of “Twenty FirstCentury Transportation Civil Works R&D Action”.The Taiwan Construction Research Institute (TCRI) had gathered expertise from academic research, field engineering,as well as the bureaucratic representatives to execute such research project. Main work items of this continued studyincludes:1. Lasting failure mode and stabilization method database installation,2. Maintenance and application of the database,3. Application of failure mode and localized classification,4. Application of stabilization method classification and localized efficiency,5. Information collection of establishing model for stabilization work,6. Study on establishing model for stabilization work,7. Optimization of stabilization design and standard operation procedures.In the second year of study, the research team has completed including database installation, advanced study, andcomplete research progress implementation. Foreseen progress of this study is hoped to be helpful in improving bothdesign and construction quality of roadway slope stabilization, identifying performance of roadway slope stabilizationworks, and therefore achieving cost effectiveness and smart engineering in the future transportation constructionworks.DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMBER OF PAGESPRICEDecember 2003 500 NT $ 950CLASSIFICATIONSECRETCONFIDENTIALUNCLASSIFIEDThe views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the Ministry ofTransportation and Communications.II

......................................................................................................... ABSTRACT............................................................................................ ......................................................................................................... III ....................................................................................................VII .....................................................................................................IX ..............................................................................................XIV............................................................................................. 1 ................................................ 92.1 ........................................................... 92.1.1 ...................................................... 102.1.2 ...................................................... 112.1.3 ...................................... 122.1.4 ...................................................... 222.2 ......................................................... 242.2.1 ...................................................... 242.2.2 ...................................................................... 302.2.3 .................................................. 31III

...................................... 333.1 ............................................. 333.1.1 .............................................................. 343.1.2 ...................................................... 363.2 ......................................................... 523.2.1 .................................................. 523.2.2 .................................. 623.2.3 .......................................... 783.3 ............. 843.4 ........................... 1013.4.1 ................................ 1043.4.2 .................................................... 1093.5 ............................................... 1143.5.1 .................................................... 1143.5.2 .................................................... 1253.5.3 1333.6 ............................................................... 1343.6.1 ............................................ 1343.6.2 ............................................................ 137IV

............................ 1414.1 ............................................................... 1424.2 ........................................... 1434.2.1 ................................................................ 1434.2.2 ............................................................ 1464.2.3 ................................................ 1574.3 ....................................................... 1694.3.1 .................................................... 1694.3.2 ............................................................ 171............................................................................................................... 173 ........................................................................ 1756.1 ........................................................... 1766.1.1 .................................................................... 1766.1.2 .................................................................... 1796.2 ....................................................... 1856.2.1 ............................................................ 1856.2.2 ........................................ 1866.3 ....................................................................... 189V

............................................................ 1957.1 ....................................................................... 1957.2 ........................................................................... 1967.3 ........................................................... 197 ............................................................................ 2018.1 ........................................................................................ 2018.2 ........................................................................................ 203 ............................................................................................... 205.................................................. 213.......................... 225...................... 259 .................. 271VI

2.1 .......................................................................122.2 ...........................................................................233.1 ...................................................................................633.1 .......................................................................643.2...................................................................753.3.......................................................763.4 ...................................................763.5 ...........................................................773.6 ...............................................................813.7 ...................................................................823.8 .............................................................1003.9 921 .........................1023.10 921 .......................1033.11 ...........................................................1193.12 ...........................................................1193.13(a) ..................1213.13(b) ..............1223.14 .......................1233.15 ...................................................................1243.16 ...........................................................1273.17 ...........................................................1283.18 ...................................................................................1303.18 .......................................................................1313.19 ...............................................................1373.20 9 ...........................139VII

3.21 9 ...........................1393.22 9 ...........................1403.23 18 .................1406.1 .........................................................1936.1 .............................................1947.1 .....................................................................................199VIII

1.1 ....................................................................................21.2 ....................................................................72.1 ..................................................................................102.2 ..........................................................112.3 ..............................................................................132.4 136 ..........................................................142.5 ..............................................................................142.6 ..............................................................................152.7 ..................................................................152.8 ......................................................................162.9 ..............................................................................172.9 ..................................................................182.10 ....................................................................192.11 21 ..............................................192.12 ............................................................................202.13 ............................................................................212.14 ............................252.15 18 31K+500..............................................262.16 18 66k+500.......................................................272.17 921 21 .......................................................283.1 ..........................................................................343.2 18 ........................................383.3 18 ....................................383.4 ..........................................................393.5 9 ..........................................39IX

3.6 ..................................................403.7 3 ..........................................403.8 ..........................................413.9 ..........................................443.10 3 ........................................................443.11 ................................................453.12 ............................................................453.13 2K+370......................................473.14 ....................................................483.15 ................................................493.16 9 ................................................513.17 18 ..............................................513.18 9 ............................573.19 9 ............................573.20 ........................................................................773.21 ........................................833.22 ........................................................843.23 E2k+500 ...................................853.24 17k+30017k+400 ..............863.25 17k+30017k+400 ..............................873.26 18k+15018k+800 ......................883.27 37k+50037k+800 ..................893.28 38k+30038k+370 ..................903.29 81k+40081k+468 ..................913.30(a) 85k+70085k+900 .....................923.30(b) 85k+70085k+900 .............93X

3.31 96k+40096k+450 ..........943.32 102k+100102k+200 ......................953.33 102k+600 ..................963.34 105k+200 ..........................................973.35 9 ................................983.36 ................................................993.37 8 43k 44k+200 ..........................................1053.38 8 44k+300~45k+200 8 0k~1k .......1053.39 8 54k+920 8 10k+367 ....................1063.40 8 58k+400~700 8 13k+547 ...........1063.41 8 59k+200 ..............................................................1073.42 8 62k+30062k+298 ........................1073.43 ..............................................1093.44 ......................................................................1153.45 ..........................................................1163.46 ......1243.47 ......................................................................1263.48 ..................................1323.49 ..........................................1323.50 9 ..........................................................1384.1 ................................................................1444.2 ....................................................1494.3 ....................................................................1494.4 ....................................1504.5 ................................................1504.6 ........................................151XI

4.7 ............................................................1514.8 ................................................1524.9 ....................................................1524.10 ..................................................................1534.11 ......................................................1534.12 ..................................................................1544.13 ..............................................................1544.14 ......................................................1554.15 ..............................................1554.16 ..................................................1564.17 ..........................1564.18 ......................................................1574.19 ..............................................................1584.20 ..............................................1594.21 ......................................................1594.22 ..................................................................1604.23 ......................................................1604.24 ..............................................................1614.25 ..............................................................1614.26 ..............................................................1634.27 9 ..............................1634.28 ......................................1644.29 ......................................1644.30 ......................................1654.31 ..............................................................1664.32 ..................................................................166XII

4.33 ..........................................................1674.34 ..........................................................1674.35 ..........................................................1686.1 18 28k+90031k+500 ....................1756.2 18 ......................................................1766.3 18 ..............1776.4 ........................................................1786.5 ........................................................1786.6 ........................................................................1796.7 31k+500 2003.06.10..........1816.8 31k+500 2003.06.10..1816.9 2003.06.12..............1826.10 2003.06.21................1826.11 2003.06.25........1836.12 2003.06.27........1836.13 2003.10.17....1846.14 2003.10.17................1846.15 ....................................................1876.16 ..............................................................................1906.17 C-11..........................................................1916.18 C-12B.......................................................1916.19 ..............................................................1926.20 ..........................................................................1927.1 ....................................................................1957.1 ........................................................1987.2 ................................................198XIII

XIV

1.2.3.XV

Slope Management SystemSMS1. 2. 3. XVI

4. User Friendly 18 28.9K31.5K18 XVII

18 18 1. 2. 3. 4. XVIII

5. 6. GIS 7. 8. 1. 2. XIX

3. 4. 18 93 18 XX

1.1 1.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 4

6. Access ArcGIS 7. 1. 5

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. SOP1.2 6

1.2 7

2.1 9

2.1.1 Hoek & Bray19772.11. Circular Failure2. Planar Failure3. Wedge Failure 4. Toppling Failure 5. 2.1 TRBSpecial Report247199610

2.1.2 Skempton & Hutchinson19692.21. Rotation Slides 2. Compound Slides 3. Translation Slides4. Flows 2.2 TRBSpecial Report247199611

2.1.3 TRBSpecial Report 24719962.1rockdebris earth 2 2080%2 2 80%fall topple slide spreads flow complexType of MaterialType of Moment fall topple slide spreads flow2.1 Engineering SoilBedrock Predominantly PredominantlyCoarseFine Rock fall Debris fall Earth fall Rock topple Debris topple Earth topple Rock slide Debris slide Earth slide Rock spreads Debris spreads Earth spreads Rock flow Debris flow Earth flow12

1. 76 HV = 0.2512.3 TRBSpecial Report247199613

2.4 136 2.5 14

2.6 2.7 15

2. 2.8 3. 16

(a) (b) (c) 2.9 17

(d) (e) 2.9 18

2.10 2.11 21 19

4. (a) (b) (c) 2.12 20

5. (a) (b) 2.13 21

2.1.4 2.21. 2. TRBSpecial Report247 2.23. 22

232.2

2.2 Terzaghi19502.2.1 1.24

2.142.14 2.2.1525

2.15 18 31K+5003.2.1626

4.2.16 18 66k+5002.1727

2.17 921 21 5.(1) (2) (3) 28

6.(4) (5) (6) (7) 60(8) 29

2.2.2 1.(1) (2) (3) 2.30

3.4.(1) RC (2) (3) 2.2.3 31

1.2.3.32

3.1 1. 33

2. 3. 3.1 3.1 46 3.1.1 34

1. 2. 3. (1) (2) 4. 5. 35

3.1.2 3.1.2.1 1. 3.22. 3. 36

3.34. 3.45. 3.56. T 3.67. 3.78. 3.89. 37

3.2 18 3.3 18 38

3.4 3.5 9 39

3.6 3.7 3 40

3.8 3.1.2.2 1. 3.92. 3.103. 41

3.114. 3.125. 6. 7. (1) 42

(2) (3) (4) 43

3.9 3.10 3 44

3.11 3.12 45

3.1.2.3 1. 3.132. 453. 4. 5. 46

3.14 3.1.2.4 1.3.15(1) (2) (3) (4) 2.48

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 3.(1) (2) 3.15 49

3.1.2.5 1. line post10 H 3.162. 3. 3.174. 5. 50

3.16 9 3.17 18 51

3.2 3.2.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 52

1.precipitation runoffstorm-water drains(1) 53

(2) Dietrich et al. (1986) Keefer et al. (1987) Kramer Seed (1988) soil liquefaction2.54

(1)masspropertiesporosityslakingmass strength(2)GIS 55

3.18 3.19 9 56

3.18 9 3.19 9 3.57

cut slopefillslopes earth reinforcement /(1)multiple workinghypotheses58

(2)2050 100 59

50 500 10 4.(1)(2)60

(3)AASHTO 1990(4)61

(5)CLSMControlLow Strength MaterialCLSM CLSM 3.2.2 3.2.2.1 3.1 62

3.1 PiersonNAPHM NAPHM 199119991992 8789 200263

3.1 19 1986 1990198619851982 8789 200264

3.2.2.2 20022.2 1.Factor Analysis Cluster Analysis Discriminant Analysis Regression AnalysisY K X 1, X 2,…. X K K=1Simple RegressionK ≥ 2Multiple Regression 00 Y X 1 X 2 X 3 ….X K 65

Coefficient Multiple DeterminationR 2 R 2 Y R 2 Adjustied Coefficient Multiple Determination 2001 20012.membership functionµA( x)⎧1⎨⎩0x ∈ Ax ∉ Ax∈X66

x A µ ( x) 1A0 1 0 1 Zadeh µ ( x)X →01A ~ A ~ X x A ~ µ ( x) x A~ A ~x A ~ ( µ x) 0-1 A ~confidencecertaintyx A ~ 0 l X x 67

3.(1) (2) yuk=p∑= ϕj=1ku kwikx( −θ)x Input signaljjkw i k iku ky Outputkϕ( L)θ Thresholdk68

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(5) δ (6) (7) (2)20014.Analytic Hierarchy ProcessAHP69

Nominal ScalePairwiseComparisons Priority Consistency AHP AHP AHP AHP AHP Saaty Equal Strong WeekStrongStrongVery StrongAbsoluteStrong19 11/9 AHP (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 70

(6) (7) (8) (9) Consistency Ratio of theHierarchyCRH(10)20005.(1) (2) (3) 71

(4) (5) (6) Pierson19903.2.2.3 Quantified RiskAssessment,QRA(1) (2) (3) (4) 72

1.3.23.3D T = d 1 w 1 + d 2 w 2 + + d n w n d n n w n n 3.4 TRB 73

2.50m 50m3.3 3.20(a)(b)(c) 1,2,3 (d)3.52545Gr3Gc3Gp11350 0.000747 3.4 74

3.2.20 40 60 80 100 0~50 50~75 75~100 100~150 150 0~20 20~30 30~40 40~50 50 10% 30% 10%80% 80% 30% . 3” 3”~12” 12” 5 5 ~10 10 ~20 20 ~30 30. (m) 0.5 0.5~1 1~2 2~3 3 5 45 25 ~45 15 ~25 5 ~15 .15 15 ~257025 ~35 35 ~45 45 ~70 75

3.3 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 45 25~45 15~25 5~15 0.25 0.25 0.4 0.13.4 D T %D T > 85 %60 % < D T < 85 % 45 % < D T < 60 % 30 % < D T < 45 % D T < 30 %76

3.20 TRBSpecial Report24719963.5 Gr1 5~15 7777 1 0.000129Gr2 15~25 5236 1 0.000191Gr3 25~45 21455 5 0.000133Gr4 >45 15255 0 0Gc1 15304 1 0.000065Gc2 18654 2 0.000107Gc3 13219 4 0.000303Gc4 2546 0 0Gp1 10733 3 0.000279Gp2 9579 2 0.000208Gp3 18828 2 0.000106Gp4 10538 0 077

3.2.3 3.2.3.1 1.2.3.4.RC3.2.3.2 78

6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 79

3.2.3.3 3.6 3.7 3.21 3 310 RC 1030 30 80

3.6 1. 2. 3. 1. 452.1. 352. 451. 452. 1. 4560 2.3.* *200181

3.7 (m)5m RC 38m RC 515m 10m 28m 212m 320m 10m 312m 200182

m3.21 3.2.3.4 1. 2. 3. 4. 83

3.22 【 譯 改 自 香 港 大 地 工 程 處 GEO(2000)】3.22 3.3 5 6 9 20 84

1.E2k+500 90 9 E2k+500 55100150 3040 78 RC 91 527 RC 91 8 12 3.23 10 7~8 3.23 E2k+500 85

2.17k+30017k+400 90 9 17k+30017k+400 55100150 304091 10 23 92 1 10 3.24 3.25(a)(b)3.24 17k+30017k+400 86

15~ 206~8 15 RCP 30~ 403.25 17k+30017k+400 3.18k+15018k+800 45 558182 87 10 87 10 200 87 10 87

92 1 10 3.26 (a)+ +>25m45 0 ~50 0 >25m 450 ~50 0(b)(c)3.26 18k+15018k+800 88

4.37k+50037k+800 88 8 27 37k+50037k+800 U 1545 8 2527 92.1 25 62 5590 8 9 RC 90 12 63.27 3.27 37k+50037k+800 89

5. 38k+30038k+370 88 8 26 38k+30038k+370 PC 5589 11 RC 3 90 3 29 3.28 3.28 38k+30038k+370 90

6.81k+40081k+46882 7 3.29 553.29 81k+40081k+468 91

7.85k+70085k+90085k+70085k+900 45 5590 9 4 / RC3.30 3.30(a) 85k+70085k+900 92

8 8 10 + +5 3.30(b) 85k+70085k+900 93

8.96k+40096k+45096k+40096k+450 GPS N25 28’50”E273 88’59”158 30 453.31 +10 403.31 96k+40096k+450 94

9.102k+100102k+200102k+100102k+200 GPS N24 72’80”E273 89’70”158 553.32 3.32 102k+100102k+200 95

10.102k+600102k+600 GPS N24 68’92”E273 90’29” 158 30 453.33 8 30~353.33 102k+600 96

11.105k+200105k+200 553.34 3.34 105k+200 97

11 7 3 2 1 1 6 5 7 5 RC 3 2 1 9 209 8 RC 3 2 3.35 3.36 3.8 3.35 9 98

3.36 99

3.8 834.7 50 20 6 17k+30017k+400() 100150 200 20 40 18k+15018k+800() 92.1 300 10 37k+50037k+800()RC 100 3038k+30038k+370E2k+50014 20 880 1081k+40081k+46880 3085k+70085k+90050 25 96k+40096k+450 94 () 100150 ()RC 397 () 397 ()200102k+100102k+2006 38102k+600102k+63815 6 / 82 21 11 105k+200105k+282100

3.4 88 9 21 1 47 12.6 12.5 23.85 120.78 6.99 7.36 44 33 711 14 19 6 7 73 13.9 3.10101

3.9 921 6 0K~18K( ~ ) 131 6K~12K88.9.21 21 17K~72K( ~ ) 147 1K~14K( ~ )69-1 0K~2K( )3 1599K~210K( ) 127 17K~25K( ~ )3 210K~148K( ) 131 22K~32K( ~ )88.09.227 45K~73K( ~ ) 136 32K~43K( ~ )14 11K~54K( ~ ) 136 49K~57K( ~ )14 0K~18K( ~ ) 139 45K~62K( ~ )16 8K~35K( ~ )8 0K~35K( ~ ) 124 28K~40( ~ )8 62K~122K( ~ ) 126 26K~29K( ~ )14 0K~33K( ~ ) 129 20K~29K( ~ )16 13K+700( ) 131 12K~22K( ~ )88.09.2321 0K~17K( ~ ) 136 43K~48K( )21 82K~106K( ~ ) 149 0K~19K( ~ )21 0K~22K() 149 14K~17K( )151 4K~19K( ~ )158 48K~52K( ~ )60 0K~8K( ~ )88.09.2414 63K~99K( ~ ) 69 0K~18( ~ )21 106K~116K( ~ )88.09.25 149 0K~5K( ~ )88.09.27 18 83K~95K( ~ )88.09.29131 3K~6K( )151 0K~3K( ~ )88.09.30 21 116K~137K( ~ )88.10.01 6 11K~14K( ~ )88.10.04 8 35K~39K( ~ )88.10.1516 35K~46K( ~ )21 137K~138K( ~ )8 44.3K~61.5K( ~ )8 0.2K~14.7K( ~ )921 2000102

3.10 921 88.09.21 124 3K+60088.09.2288.09.2318 18 56K+200~63K+000 162 ( ~ )63K+000~75K+400 122 ( ~ )154 4K+500162 4K~16K+600( ~ )162 42K~46K( ~ )9K+400~17K+000()10K+600~23K+000()159 6K+70014K+000( )149 29K+000~39K+731( )2K+500~5K+500( )88.09.24 158 43K+250~45K+450( )88.09.25159 14K+400~15K+300( )162 28K+70042K+850()162 27K~42K( )149 20K+200~27K+150()149 17K+700~25K+300( )149 5K+150~9K+300( )88.09.26 149 25K+300~25K+900( )88.09.27 18 75K~83K( ~ ) 169 24K28K+900()88.10.05 149 19K+600~20K+200( ) 3 248K()921 2000103

3.4.1 8 35k 62k 8 16.9k 43.9k3.4.1.1 80%150 26 134176 AC 23 8 8 3.37 3.42 8 44k+200~62k+100 8 0k+00016k+8669 239 24 117 8 89 1 4 8 1 18 104

3.37 8 43k 44k+200 921 20003.38 8 44k+300~45k+200 8 0k~1k921 2000105

3.39 8 54k+920 8 10k+367921 20003.40 8 58k+400~700 8 13k+547921 2000106

3.41 8 59k+200 921 20003.42 8 62k+30062k+298 921 2000107

3.4.1.2 1,000 1,500 701. 1015 2. 52k+5003. 52k+500 33 66N33E/66S921 108

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3.433.43 921 20003.4.2 109

89 1 10 8 8 34.5329.93 64.46 8 8 51.53 1.(1)(2)(1)110

(2)6 3 163k+350 167k+890 210k+371 233k+564 4 149 13k+640 1426k+700 1 2 3 4 5 0.33g 6 7 8 9 111

10 2.34k62k 28 (1) 1 2 3 4 5 (2) 112

1 2 3 1 2 (3) 60 1 2 3 4 113

1 2 3.5 3.5.1 3.44 3.45 SPSS114

SPSS 3.44 115

SPSS Visual Basic 3.45 116

3.5.1.1 YZe Y e Z e Y 1986Ye [3-1]3.5.1.2 eY+ eZSPSS 3.5.1.3 117

SPSS 2002 3.11 3.12 3.11 3.12 ABCDE 5 A B C D E 1411852 SPSS 2002118

3.11 A14 B11 C8 D5 E2 25 25~30 30~45 45~55 55 3.12 A14 B11 C8 D5 E2(H1m)(1mH3m)(3mH6m)(6mH9m)(H9m)(( ) () () () ) (h1m) (1mh3m) (3mh5m) (h5m) 119

3.5.1.4 SPSS 0.0520.0100.0100.016 0.009 0.022Y ZY= - 29.34 + 0.36Y1 + 2.21Y2+2.35Y3+1.33Y4 + 1.10Y5 + 0.85Y6Z=- 60.62+0.46Y1+3.11Y2+3.30Y3+1.85Y4+1.74Y5+1.43Y6Y ZY = -28.94 + 0.36Y1 + 2.21Y2 + 2.35Y3 + 1.33Y4 + 1.10Y5 + 0.85Y6Z = -61.31 + 0.46Y1 + 3.11Y2 + 3.30Y3 + 1.85Y4 +1.74Y5+1.43Y63.13(a) 3.13(b)3.14 120

3.13(a) 8 118 5 2 2 11 5 8 5 11 88 8 15 8 11 8 2 5 11 5 11 22 11 8 5 14 2 18 8 11 8 2 8 2 2 8 8 8 2 84K+500 78 11 8 5 8 5 8 2 5 5 2 5 2121

3.13(b) 11 11 11 8 11 82K+670 8 11 8 11 11 1113K+650 8 8 11 8 8 814K+600 11 11 11 8 11 1114K+800 11 8 14 11 8 111K+540 8 14 8 8 11 11 2K+165 8 11 14 8 14 513K+650 11 11 11 5 14 52K+800214 8 11 14 2 11 11 11 8 11 1412K+80013K+6008 8 8 11 11 1115K+70011 8 11 5 14 11122

3.14 11.22.345 1.6 Y( )=-29.34+0.36Y1+2.21Y2 +2.35Y3+1.33Y4 +1.10Y5 + 0.85Y6Z( )=-60.62+0.46Y1+3.11Y2+3.30Y3+1.85Y4+1.74Y5 + 1.43Y6 Y( )=-28.94+0.36Y1+2.21Y2 +2.35Y3+1.33Y4 +1.10Y5 + 0.85Y6Z( )=-61.31+0.46Y1+3.11Y2+3.30Y3+1.85Y4+1.74Y5 + 1.43Y6 0.5410.4950.286 X Y X Y X=-9.74-0.001Y1+0.643Y2+0.782Y3+0.689Y4-0.526Y5+0.412Y6······· [3-2]Y=-10.666+0.242Y1+0.814Y2+0.869Y3+0.606Y4-0.374Y5+0.002Y6 ·· [3-3]X Y 3.15123

3.15 -0.710 0.0100.884 0.260-0.004 -0.860-0.474 0.6253.46 [3-2] [3-3] 3.46 Visual Basic 124

PDA 3.5.2 Back-propagation networkBPN PCNeuron 4.0 1.(1)125

3.47 3.47 (2) 1 5 3.16 3.17 3.16 3.17 ABCDE A B C D E 12345126

3.16 A1 B2 C3 D4 E5 25 25~30 30~45 45~55 55 127

3.17 A1 B2 C3 D4 E5(H1m)(1mH3m)(3mH6m)(6mH9m)(H9m) (( ) () () () )(h1m)(1mh3m)(3mh5m)(h5m) 1. H 2.ISRM(1981)3. h 4.(3)(4).ori 128

(5)+8 =1.0=0.95 =0.1 0.50.950.1(6)C 2.9 3.153.17 3.183.16 3.17 9 3.48 3.49129

1303.18 [1][2][2][2][3] [3]RC 30m

3.18 GPS N E M 25 25~30 30~45 45~55 55 H

3.48 3.49 132

3.5.3 1.(1)50(2) 5 7 2.(1)C Turbo C 2.0133

PCNeuron 4.0DOS (2)EXCEL PDA Tablet PC 3.6 3.6.1 1. 134

2. GIS 3. GPS 1.(1) 3.18(2) 135

(3) 2.(1) (2) (3) GPS 136

3.19 / 120 100 8080 100 80 6060 80 60 5050 60 50 4050 50 40 3040 4030 303.6.2 137

9 3.5018 9 8 3.20 73.2111 3.2218 10 3.233.50 9 138

3.20 9 9 16k+200 9 16k+600 9 18k 9 18k+600 9 28k+300 9 31k+700 9 46k+900 9 49k+0003.21 9 9 59k+100 9 59k+400 9 60k+300 9 60k+900 9 61k+250 9 62k+200 9 63k+700139

3.22 9 9 106k+400 9 107k+500 9 111k+500 9 112k+600 9 113k+250 9 115k 9 116k+30 9 117k+900 9 146k 9 148k 9 160k3.23 18 18 22k+800 18 28k+900 18 57k+300 18 59k+000 18 63k+800 18 65k+000 18 65k+500 18 69k+700 18 75k+200 18 75k+300140

Slope Management SystemSMS 1. 2. Geological InformationSystemGIS GIS 3. 4. User Friendly141

4.1 12 B1211024100024300 142

001001G003012004 001003 012 0010044.2 Access ArcGIS 4.2.1 4.1 143

1444.1 4.2.1.1 GPS GPS

4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.1.4 145

4.2.2 4.2 4.18 4.2 4.3 4.3 24K+80024K+9504.4146

4.51.4.6 4.74.84.92.GPS 4.10ArcGIS 3. 4.114.147

4.124.134.144.15 4.164.174.18 148

4.2 4.3 149

4.4 4.5 150

4.6 4.7 151

4.8 4.9 152

4.10 4.11 153

4.12 4.13 154

4.14 4.15 155

4.16 4.17 156

4.18 4.2.3 18 69k+76070k+300 9 18 34.2.3.1 4.19157

4.20 4.21 4.22 4.25 4.244.19 158

4.20 4.21 159

4.22 4.23 160

4.24 4.25 161

4.2.3.2 1.4.26 9 7 4.27 4.28 4.30162

4.26 4.27 9 163

4.28 4.29 164

4.30 2.4.31 14.32165

4.33 4.354.31 4.32 166

4.33 4.34 167

4.35 1. 2. 168

3. 4.3 GIS ArcGIS 4.3.1 169

1.1/250002.Data WarehouseData Mining3.40 DTM 4748 121 DTM 40 × 40 170

ASCII 1. .DAT2. 401 UTM 40 DTM3. GIS DEM4.3.2 ArcGIS 3.19 3.20 ArcGIS 4.19 171

172

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2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 174

92 6 18 28k+90031k+500 6.1 18 18 6.1 18 28k+90031k+500 175

6.1 6.1.1 18 72 28k+90031k+500 Z6.2 30 50 6.36.2 18 176

6.3 18 25500 800 575 6.46.51060177

6.4 6.5 178

6.66.1.2 6.6 85 90 31k+15031k+500 31k+400 179

60 31k+15031k+500 31k+400 92 6 18 6 1012 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.9 31k+500 6.1018 31k+500 6 25 35 6.11 2225 11500 26 1 6.12 50 6.136.14 180

6.7 31k+500 2003.06.106.8 31k+500 2003.06.10181

6.9 2003.06.126.10 2003.06.21182

6.11 2003.06.256.12 2003.06.27183

6.13 2003.10.176.14 2003.10.17184

6.2 6.2.1 8 20 2003.06.26 18 31k+340 1. 6 1,000 6 6002. 6 6 3.92 6 261 6 5 6 26 25 18 185

92 6 12 1. 2. 3. 1. 1 600 2. 58 3. 4. 6.2.2 186

915 3 6.15 800 50 8 106.15 1.187

2.50backwardprogressive-type of failureGIS3.188

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1906.16

6.17 C-116.18 C-12B191

6.19 6.20 192

6.1 31 31K+640 [C-2]80 31K+640 80 [C-2A]40 31K+640 [C-2B]/minAnalog 40 TCRI 40 31K+590[C-11] IPI5 12 40 40 31K+595 TCRI[C-12A]40 TCRI1. PVC TDR 40 31K+595 [C-12B]2. TDRTDR 2 1 1 31K+580 [E-A]Analog /min31K+580 [E-B] Analog /min193

6.1 TDR 31K+400[TO-1] 31K+700TDR [TO-2A]TDR [TO-2B]TDR LVDT LVDT TDR LVDT LVDT 1. DC12V AC110V7C2V 2. CCD 1. 31K+580 31K+580 CCD 31K+460 2. 31K+660 3. IPC 31K+680 Pulse /min /31K+680Analog /min194

7.1 10 2831 7.1 7.1 195

7.2 6 12 18 28k+900 31k+500 1.2. GIS 196

3.7.3 12 12 7.1 7.2 7.1TDR 197

7.1 7.2 198

7.1 08:30~09:00 09:00~09:15 09:15~10:05 10:05~10:20 10:20~11:10 11:10~12:00 12:00~13:00 13:00~13:50 TDR 13:50~14:40 14:40~15:00 15:00~15:50 15:50~16:40 16:40~17:00 921212199

200

8.1 1. 2. 3. 201

4. 5. 6. GIS 7. 8. UserFriendly202

9. 8.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 18 93 18 203

204

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55. 20022-1 - 2-31 56. 200157. 2001C03258. 19911 123129 59. 198163-72 60. 1979 147-172 61. 1994138 39-49 62. 2001 C03563. 1992 81-03 2-12-9 64. 1997220-231 65. 199566. 1999D96 210

67. 200268. 19981219 69. 19795-24 70. 1999 71. 199372. 1990225-23373. 1987 75-52 3638 74. 200294 81-92 75. 200187 59-72 76. 200177. 1991 25-4178. 200079. 200080. 2000211

。81. 2001 。82. 1999。212

213

214

215

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1. 2. 3. 4. 18 1. 2. 3. 4. 218

1. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 219

220

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2. 18 3.4.1.2.3.4.222

1.3.5.1.4 2.1.3.1 2. 11 2.2 1.78 3.2 3.3 223

2.3.224

225

226

GPS17k+30017k+400N31 14’16”E276 91’02” 75 50 20 6 >5591 10 23 92 01 10 90 9 100150 3040 /227

18k+15018k+800 GPSN 31 08’43”E 276 85’89” 88 200 20 40 45 55 80% 18k+150 87 10 91 02 03 87 10 100150 3040 /18k+150 8182 87 10 1.2.3.228

GPS37k+50037k+800N29 74’39”E276 37’47” 40 300 10 >55 80%37k+800 90 08 09 90 12 06 88 08 27 1. U 15 2.45 3.1.RC 2.3.229

GPS38k+30038k+370N 29 70’06”E276 33’62” 33 100 30 >55 70%38k+300 89 11 01 90 03 29 88 08 26 10 33 19.9 1.2.PC 3.1.2.3..230

GPS E2k+500N30 74’09”E276 68’21” 116 14 20 8 >55 91 05 27 91 08 12 90 09 100150 3040 /RC 78 1.2 231

GPS81k+40081k+468N26 52’68”E274 44’40” 162 80 10 >55:80%1.2.232

GPS85k+70085k+900N26 21’13”E274 17’12” 174 80 30 45 5530% 85k+700 85k+600 100150 3040 /1.RC 2.233

23496k+40096k+450GPSN2528’50”E27388’59”158 50 25 304580%1.2.

GPS102k+100102k+200N24 72’80”E273 89’70” 158 200 6 >5580%91 04 91 07 16 100150 3040 /50 1.2.235

GPS102k+600102k+638N24 68’92”E273 90’29” 158 38 15 6 45 5580% /236

GPS105k+200105k+282N24 44’12”E273 84’46” 157 82 21 11 > 55 50% 105k+200 1.2.237

GPS9 16k+200N25 56’22”E121 34’32” 195 >55:80%238

GPS9 16k+60016k+700N25 57’03”E121 34’42” 202 100 >55:80% 16k+600 90 10 04 90 10 31 30 90 06 16 15.4 239

GPS9 18k+00018k+020N24 57’07”E121 35’22” 257 20 >55:80%9 18k 90 09 14 ~ 90 10 10 30 90 09 100150 3040 /240

GPS9 18k+600N24 57’08”E121 35’42” 253 20 >55:80%241

GPS9 28k+30028k+350 50 >55:50%9 28k+300 90 10 05 90 11 14 30 90 09 16 100150 3040 / 0.25 6 242

9 31k+70031k+795GPSN24 56’43”E121 40’13” 402 100 >55 50% 9 31k+700 90 06 90 09 13 70 89 10 30 17.7 3.356 0.25 6 243

GPS9 46k+90046k+920N24 53’46”E121 44’09” 311 20 >55:50%9 46k+900 90 01 22 91 02 21 30 244

GPS9 49k+00049k+030N24 53’46”E121 44’37” 309 30 >55:80%9 49k+000 90 01 91 02 10 20 245

GPS9 59k+100N24 51’47.6”E121 46’51.5” 316 20 >5580%246

GPS9 59k+400N24 21’47.6”E121 47’00.6” 445 >5580%247

GPS9 60k+300N25 51’40”E121 47’22” 386 >5580%248

GPS9 60k+900N24 51’24”E121 47’26” 361 >5580%249

GPS9 61k+250N24 51’26”E121 47’36” 335 >5580%250

GPS9 62k+200N24 51’28”E121 47’43” 322 >5580%251

GPS9 63k+700N24 51’29”E121 47’44” 311 >5580%252

GPS9 106k+400N24 35’13”E121 51’43” 109 >55 80%253

GPS9 107k+900N24 34’35”E121 51’52” 153 >5580%254

GPS9 111k+500N24 32’57”E121 52’01” 298 >5580%255

GPS9 112k+500N24 32’39”E121 52’01” 344 >5580%256

GPS9 115k+000N24 31’50”E121 51’36” 331 >5580%257

258

259

260

1. 2. GIS 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. ” ”2. 3. 4. 261

GPS K + ~ K + M 262

80 [1][2][2] [2][3] [3] [1] [2] [3]263

[1] [2] [3]264

mm1 mm mm2 mm mm / 265

266

267 [1][2][2] [2][3] [3]RC 30m

[1] [2] [3]268

GPS NE M 25~30 30~45 45~55 2555 H

270

271

272

18 28k+900 31k+500 18 28k+900 31k+500 18 1. 2. 18 28k+900 31k+500 273

3. 18 28k+900 31k+50018 28k+900 31k+500 1. 2. 3. 4. 274