Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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Table 3.18 shows the percentage of women and men who currently smoke tobacco by backgroundcharacteristics. The table illustrates that women and men who are divorced/separated/widowed,those who live in rural areas, those who have no education, and those involved in agricultural activitiesare the most likely to smoke tobacco.Table 3.18 Smoking of tobacco by background characteristicsPercentage of women and men who currently smoke tobacco, by backgroundcharacteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––WomenMen–––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––Currently Number Currently NumberBackground smokes of smokes ofcharacteristic tobacco women tobacco men–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Marital statusNever married 0.4 1,897 9.5 782Married or living together 3.0 4,694 34.4 1,248Divorced/separated/widowed 5.6 1,067 53.8 116ResidenceUrban 1.3 3,073 22.4 851Rural 3.7 4,585 29.0 1,294ProvinceCentral 1.2 562 22.1 165Copperbelt 1.1 1,544 19.5 447Eastern 1.2 926 32.0 268Luapula 3.7 622 37.6 166Lusaka 1.0 1,132 23.0 314Northern 1.9 1,040 26.3 292North-Western 1.5 354 25.2 93Southern 1.4 814 27.3 232Western 15.3 663 34.4 169EducationNo education 8.3 925 41.0 108Primary 2.7 4,439 29.1 1,100Secondary 0.5 2,061 23.4 808Higher 0.0 234 9.5 129OccupationProfessional/technical/managerial 0.0 175 10.9 93Clerical 0.0 71 23.1 13Sales and services 3.7 1,095 32.0 307Skilled manual 2.3 200 27.2 273Unskilled manual 0.0 13 31.8 23Domestic service 2.1 449 18.4 104Agriculture 4.9 2,354 36.2 862Not working 1.1 3,274 8.3 451Missing 2.3 27 23.8 19Total 2.7 7,658 26.4 2,14554 │ Characteristics of Respondents
FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margaret T. MwanamwengeThis chapter presents the 2001-2002 ZDHS results on fertility levels, trends, and differentials.The analysis is based on the birth histories collected from women age 15-49 interviewed during thesurvey. To obtain this information, women were first asked a series of questions to determine the totalnumber of live births they had in their lifetime. Second, for each live birth, information was collected onthe age, sex, and survival status of the child. For dead children, age at death was recorded. Informationfrom the birth history is used to assess current and completed fertility and to look at other factors relatedto fertility, including age at first birth, birth intervals, and teenage childbearing.The following measures of current fertility are derived from birth history data:• Age-specific fertility rates (ASFR) are expressed as the number of births per thousandwomen in the age group and represent a valuable measure for assessing the current agepattern of childbearing. They are defined in terms of the number of live births during aspecified period to women in the particular age group divided by the number of womanyearslived in that age group during the specified period.• Total fertility rate (TFR) is defined as the total number of births a woman would haveby the end of her childbearing period if she were to pass through those years bearingchildren at the currently observed rates of age-specific fertility. The TFR is obtained bysumming the age-specific fertility rates and multiplying by five.• General fertility rate (GFR) is the number of live births occurring during a specifiedperiod per 1,000 women of reproductive age.• Crude birth rate (CBR) is the number of births per 1,000 population during a specifiedperiod.The various measures of current fertility are calculated for the three-year period just prior to thesurvey, which roughly corresponds to the calendar period 1999-2001. This period was chosen because itreflects the current situation while also allowing the rates to be calculated without compromising thestatistical precision of estimates.4.1 FERTILITY LEVELS AND TRENDS4.1.1 Fertility LevelsTable 4.1 presents information on the current fertility levels for Zambia as a whole and for urbanand rural areas. According to the 2001-2002 ZDHS results, the total fertility rate is 5.9 (Table 4.1). Thismeans that the average Zambian woman who is at the beginning of her childbearing years will give birthto 5.9 children by the end of her reproductive period if fertility levels remain constant at the levelobserved in the three-year period before the 2001-2002 ZDHS.The TFR from the 2001-2002 ZDHS is almost the same as that from the 2000 Census ofPopulation and Housing, which stands at 6.0. The general fertility rate is 204. This means that there were204 births for every 1,000 women during the three-year period preceding the survey. The table alsoshows a crude birth rate of 43.3 per 1,000 population for the period under review.Fertility │ 55
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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Page 35 and 36: confidentiality.Finally, in additio
Page 37 and 38: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
Page 49 and 50: Thirty percent of households own a
Page 51 and 52: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
Page 53 and 54: enrolment ratios suggest that educa
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
Page 75 and 76: 3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
Page 79: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92: The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94: 4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
Page 95 and 96: FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Seventy percent of currently marrie
Page 101: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
Page 107 and 108: Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
Page 109 and 110: The pattern is slightly different f
Page 111 and 112: 5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
Page 113 and 114: Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
Page 115 and 116: Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
Page 117 and 118: Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
Page 119 and 120: Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
Page 121 and 122: Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 125 and 126: Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 127 and 128: Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
Page 129 and 130: FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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