Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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Table 3.1 Background characteristics of respondentsPercent distribution of women 15-49 and men 15-59 by background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––WomenMen––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Background Weighted Weighted Unweighted Weighted Weighted Unweightedcharacteristic percent number number percent number number––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Age15-19 23.7 1,811 1,806 21.4 459 47520-24 21.7 1,664 1,648 16.1 346 34625-29 18.0 1,376 1,361 16.8 361 35330-34 12.7 972 972 13.1 281 27735-39 10.0 766 778 11.2 241 24440-44 7.9 601 606 8.1 174 17045-49 6.1 467 487 5.3 113 11350-54 na na na 4.6 100 9455-59 na na na 3.3 71 73Marital statusNever married 24.8 1,897 1,851 36.4 782 787Married 60.5 4,636 4,675 57.8 1,240 1,239Living together 0.8 58 56 0.4 8 10Divorced/separated 9.3 709 724 4.4 94 89Widowed 4.7 358 352 1.0 21 20ResidenceUrban 40.1 3,073 2,551 39.7 851 689Rural 59.9 4,585 5,107 60.3 1,294 1,456ProvinceCentral 7.3 562 891 7.7 165 276Copperbelt 20.2 1,544 939 20.8 447 266Eastern 12.1 926 894 12.5 268 256Luapula 8.1 622 626 7.7 166 181Lusaka 14.8 1,132 896 14.6 314 239Northern 13.6 1,040 1,171 13.6 292 327North-Western 4.6 354 881 4.3 93 238Southern 10.6 814 707 10.8 232 205Western 8.7 663 653 7.9 169 157EducationNo education 12.1 925 1,002 5.0 108 116Primary 58.0 4,439 4,534 51.3 1,100 1,161Secondary 26.9 2,061 1,916 37.7 808 754Higher 3.1 234 206 6.0 129 114ReligionCatholic 22.9 1,755 1,735 24.3 522 510Protestant 75.1 5,750 5,748 72.0 1,545 1,551Muslim 0.3 20 17 0.5 10 8Other 1.5 116 143 2.9 63 70Ethnic groupBemba 36.0 2,754 2,553 35.2 755 709Tonga 14.9 1,138 1,088 15.0 321 316North-Western 10.7 820 1,243 11.2 240 352Baroste 7.8 601 587 7.7 166 154Nyanja 16.6 1,268 1,163 16.5 354 325Mambwe 6.0 461 446 6.3 136 127Tumbuka 5.4 411 361 5.5 118 106Other 2.7 205 216 2.5 54 55Total 100 7,658 7,658 100.0 2,145 2,145–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Note: Education categories refer to the highest level of education attended, whether or not that level was completed.Readers should note that the table includes information on both the weighted and unweighted numbers.Weighting was necessary because the sample was not allocated by province according to the actual distribution ofthe population; instead the sample was allocated in such a fashion as to provide a sufficient number of respondentsfor each province to allow provincial estimates to be calculated for most survey variables. It also is important tonote that some subgroups shown include comparatively small numbers of respondents. In subsequent tabulations,figures will be not be shown for a subgroup if the unweighted number of cases for the subgroup falls below 25.na = Not applicable26 │ Characteristics of Respondents
enrolment ratios suggest that education attainment is largely conditioned by a society’s level of socioeconomicdevelopment and that larger gender gaps in schooling are observed in regions with lower overalleducational levels (ILO, 1995).Table 3.2 provides an overview of the relationship between the respondents’ level of educationand other background characteristics. The data show that younger respondents, especially women, aremore likely to have attended school than the older ones (92 and 89 percent of women age 15-19 and20-24, respectively, compared with 78 percent of those age 45-49).Table 3.2 shows that in contrast to women, higher proportions of male respondents complete secondaryschool, particularly at ages 20-24 and 25-29 years (22 and 23 percent of males compared with11 and 10 percent of women, respectively). High dropouts of girls at primary and secondary levels mayexplain some of the differences in educational attainment between women and men. Measures to enhanceretention of girls in school have been considered by the Zambian government. One such measure allowsgirls who drop out of school due to pregnancy to continue with their education after they have delivered.Table 3.2 also shows that education attainment varies greatly with type of residence. Given thedifferent socio-economic situations, respondents in rural areas have substantially lower educational attainmentcompared with their urban counterparts. For example, half of women in urban areas have attendedor completed secondary school, compared with only 16 percent of rural women.At the provincial level, rural provinces 1 have the highest proportion of respondents with noschooling, with Eastern province leading for both females and males (23 and 13 percent, respectively).The gender gap (the difference in percentage points between women and men) in the proportion reportingno schooling is 10 percent in Eastern province versus only 1 percent and 4 percent in Copperbelt and Lusakaprovinces.1This refers to all provinces of Zambia with the exception of Copperbelt and Lusaka.Characteristics of Respondents │ 27
Page 1: ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
Page 4 and 5: This report summarises the findings
Page 6: Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
Page 9 and 10: Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
Page 11 and 12: PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
Page 13 and 14: PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
Page 15 and 16: Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
Page 17 and 18: PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
Page 19 and 20: PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
Page 21 and 22: FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
Page 23 and 24: According to mothers’ reports, ar
Page 25 and 26: ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
Page 27 and 28: The 1980s marked the start of the f
Page 29 and 30: the peripheral structures. An impor
Page 31 and 32: ing in private households in the co
Page 33 and 34: subjects agreed) received a referra
Page 35 and 36: confidentiality.Finally, in additio
Page 37 and 38: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
Page 49 and 50: Thirty percent of households own a
Page 51: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
Page 75 and 76: 3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92: The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94: 4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
Page 95 and 96: FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Seventy percent of currently marrie
Page 101: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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