Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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Table 2.5 School attendance ratiosNet attendance ratios (NAR) and gross attendance ratios (GAR) for the de jure household populationby level of schooling and sex, according to background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002BackgroundNet attendance ratio 1 Gross attendance ratio 2characteristic Male Female Total Male Female TotalPRIMARY SCHOOLGenderParityIndex 3ResidenceUrban 77.5 78.3 77.9 101.3 95.2 98.2 0.94Rural 61.6 60.3 60.9 95.2 78.9 87.2 0.83ProvinceCentral 71.9 71.1 71.5 108.3 95.2 102.0 0.88Copperbelt 78.9 73.0 75.9 102.4 87.2 94.6 0.85Eastern 53.0 55.7 54.3 77.1 72.8 75.0 0.94Luapula 56.9 55.7 56.3 85.6 72.0 79.1 0.84Lusaka 74.3 76.0 75.2 100.7 95.2 97.9 0.94Northern 63.0 60.8 61.9 102.5 78.0 90.2 0.76North-Western 75.3 77.5 76.4 117.3 106.3 111.8 0.91Southern 67.8 72.1 70.0 100.8 88.3 94.4 0.88Western 60.2 55.8 58.0 90.0 75.6 83.0 0.84Total 67.2 66.9 67.1 97.4 84.9 91.2 0.87SECONDARY SCHOOLResidenceUrban 36.0 38.1 37.1 61.4 51.8 56.3 0.84Rural 13.0 12.6 12.8 23.1 17.3 20.4 0.74ProvinceCentral 17.9 19.3 18.6 37.8 26.2 31.7 0.69Copperbelt 33.8 39.1 36.5 56.1 50.6 53.3 0.90Eastern 14.9 15.1 15.0 27.5 25.2 26.4 0.92Luapula 12.1 6.4 9.2 19.5 8.9 14.1 0.46Lusaka 28.9 25.1 27.0 52.6 35.7 43.8 0.68Northern 16.4 21.0 18.5 30.3 27.6 29.1 0.91North-Western 27.6 23.9 25.9 46.5 33.3 40.4 0.72Southern 14.5 19.4 16.7 23.8 26.2 24.9 1.10Western 11.5 13.0 12.2 15.3 17.5 16.4 1.14Total 20.6 22.5 21.5 35.8 30.7 33.3 0.861The NAR for primary school is the percentage of the primary-school age (7-13 years) populationthat is attending primary school. The NAR for secondary school is the percentage of the secondaryschoolage (14-18 years) population that is attending secondary school. By definition the NARcannot exceed 100 percent.2The GAR for primary school is the total number of primary school students, expressed as apercentage of the official primary-school-age population. The GAR for secondary school is the totalnumber of secondary school students, expressed as a percentage of the official secondary-schoolagepopulation. If there are significant numbers of overage and underage students at a given level ofschooling, the GAR can exceed 100 percent.3The Gender Parity Index is the ratio of the GAR for females to the GAR for males.18 | Characteristics of Households and Respondents
Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance Ratios by Sex10080Percent6767679784916040202123223631330PrimarySchoolSecondarySchoolNet Attendance RatioPrimarySchoolSecondarySchoolGross Attendance RatioMale Female TotalZDHS 2001-2002Provincial differentials show low net attendance ratios in Eastern, Luapula, and Western provinces.The NAR is higher for females than males in Eastern, Lusaka, North-Western, and Southern provinces. Atsecondary school level, the NAR is higher for females than males in all provinces except Luapula, Lusaka,and North-Western provinces.The Gender Parity Index represents the ratio of the GAR for females to the GAR for males. It ispresented for both the primary and secondary level and offers a summary measure of the extent to which thereare gender differences in attendance rates. A GPI less than 1 indicates that a smaller proportion of femalesthan males attend school. Overall, the Gender Parity Index is less than 1 for both primary school (0.9) andsecondary school (0.9). For primary school, the index is 0.9 in urban areas and 0.8 in rural areas, comparedwith 0.8 and 0.7, respectively, at the secondary level.2.4.3 Grade Repetition and Dropout RatesBy asking about the grade or standard that primary school age children were attending during theprevious school year, it is possible to calculate dropout rates and repetition rates (see Table 2.6).Repetition and dropout rates are important in assessing how students are progressing through theprimary system. The repetition rate represents the percentage of children reported to have been in a givengrade during the prior school year who are in the same grade during the current school year, i.e., thepercentage of students who are repeating the grade. The dropout rate represents the percentage of childrenreported to have been in school during the prior school year who are not currently attending school.Overall, repetition and dropping out of school is high in Zambia at grade 7. Table 2.6 shows thatrepetition is highest at grade 7 and grade 1 (7 percent). Repetition rate at grade seven is higher in rural areas(11 percent) than in urban areas (4 percent).The highest dropout rate is 17 percent for grade 7, compared with 5 percent for grade 6 and 4 percentfor grade 4 and grade 5. This is understandable, since grade 7 marks the end of primary school.Characteristics of Households and Respondents | 19
Page 1: ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
Page 4 and 5: This report summarises the findings
Page 6: Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
Page 9 and 10: Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
Page 11 and 12: PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
Page 13 and 14: PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
Page 15 and 16: Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
Page 17 and 18: PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
Page 19 and 20: PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
Page 21 and 22: FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
Page 23 and 24: According to mothers’ reports, ar
Page 25 and 26: ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
Page 27 and 28: The 1980s marked the start of the f
Page 29 and 30: the peripheral structures. An impor
Page 31 and 32: ing in private households in the co
Page 33 and 34: subjects agreed) received a referra
Page 35 and 36: confidentiality.Finally, in additio
Page 37 and 38: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
Page 43: Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
Page 49 and 50: Thirty percent of households own a
Page 51 and 52: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
Page 53 and 54: enrolment ratios suggest that educa
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
Page 75 and 76: 3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92: The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94: 4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
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FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
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Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
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Seventy percent of currently marrie
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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