Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

2.3 CHILDREN’S LIVING ARRANGEMENTS AND PARENTAL SURVIVALTable 2.3 takes into account parental survival status in looking at children’s living arrangements.Several aspects of the table are of interest, particularly the extent of orphanhood, i.e., the proportion ofchildren who have lost one or both parents. The AIDS epidemic is a major factor contributing to orphanhood.Table 2.3 Children’s living arrangements and orphanhoodPercent distribution of de jure children under age 15 by children's living arrangements and survival status of parents, according to backgroundcharacteristics, Zambia 2001-2002BackgroundcharacteristicLivingwith bothparentsLiving withmother butnot fatherFatheraliveFatherdeadLiving withfather butnot motherMotheraliveMotherdeadBothaliveNot living with either parentOnly Onlyfather motheralive aliveBothdeadMissinginforma-tion onfather/motherTotalNumberofchildrenAge0-1 75.2 20.0 2.4 0.3 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 100.0 2,7372-4 70.4 14.7 4.1 1.7 0.6 5.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 100.0 3,6905-9 61.1 9.8 6.6 3.5 1.3 8.9 2.1 3.0 3.0 0.8 100.0 6,09610-14 49.0 7.4 8.9 4.3 1.8 12.4 3.2 5.5 6.1 1.4 100.0 5,265SexMale 62.2 11.5 6.3 3.1 1.1 7.2 1.8 2.9 3.0 0.7 100.0 8,878Female 61.0 11.9 5.9 2.6 1.2 8.9 1.9 2.8 2.9 1.0 100.0 8,910ResidenceUrban 60.5 10.1 7.9 3.9 1.2 7.6 1.5 2.8 3.5 1.0 100.0 6,070Rural 62.2 12.5 5.2 2.4 1.1 8.3 2.1 2.9 2.6 0.8 100.0 11,719ProvinceCentral 58.0 11.7 6.2 2.5 1.2 8.8 2.6 4.7 3.8 0.5 100.0 1,349Copperbelt 64.3 8.8 7.7 3.3 0.7 7.3 1.6 2.3 3.3 0.8 100.0 3,217Eastern 65.4 12.2 3.8 1.9 1.0 8.2 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.1 100.0 2,374Luapula 62.6 10.6 6.5 2.0 1.0 10.3 2.3 2.0 1.8 0.9 100.0 1,400Lusaka 60.0 9.9 7.7 3.4 1.3 8.6 1.6 3.2 3.4 0.8 100.0 2,315Northern 67.6 10.7 6.0 1.6 1.4 5.2 1.4 2.3 3.0 0.7 100.0 2,559North-Western 59.8 13.7 6.4 3.8 1.0 9.0 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.0 100.0 968Southern 58.0 12.5 4.7 3.0 1.2 10.0 1.8 4.8 3.4 0.6 100.0 2,081Western 50.7 20.1 5.4 5.2 1.7 7.4 3.1 2.9 2.2 1.3 100.0 1,525Total 61.6 11.7 6.1 2.9 1.1 8.1 1.9 2.9 2.9 0.9 100.0 17,789There has not been a measurable change in the proportion of children under the age of 15 living withboth their natural parents between the 1996 ZDHS (62 percent) and the 2001-2002 ZDHS (62 percent).Overall, 18 percent of children under the age of 15 live with only their mothers compared with 19 percent inthe 1996 ZDHS, 4 percent live with only their fathers compared with 5 percent in the 1996 ZDHS, while16 percent are fostered or not living with either parent. Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS show that fathersof 12 percent of the children under the age of 15 are dead, mothers of 6 percent are dead and both parents of3 percent are dead.Table 2.3 shows that the proportion of children living with both parents declines with age. Threefourthsof children under age two live with both parents, compared with less than half of those age 10-14.Western province has the smallest proportion of children under the age of 15 living with both parents(51 percent), while Northern province has the largest proportion (68 percent).14 | Characteristics of Households and Respondents
2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD POPULATIONEducation is a key determinant of the lifestyle and status an individual enjoys in a society. Studiesconsistently show that educational attainment has a substantial effect on reproductive behaviour,contraceptive use, fertility, infant and child mortality, morbidity, and attitudes and awareness related to familyhealth and hygiene.Formal education in Zambia is based on a three-tier system: primary education consisting of 7 years,junior secondary school consisting of 2 years, and senior secondary school consisting of 3 years. Uponcompletion of secondary school, someone may choose to further his/her education by either going to theuniversity for 4 to 7 years, depending on the field of study, and obtain a degree or attending a vocational ortechnical institute for a two to three-year certificate/diploma course. The main goal is for the nation to meetits human resource requirement in the socio-economic and political sectors thereby leading to nationaldevelopment. The Government of the Republic of Zambia has recently (2002) declared free education for allfor grades 1-7 (primary education). This change in policy was motivated by an effort to make free educationaccessible so that literacy rates will improve.2.4.1 Educational Attainment of the Household PopulationDuring the 2001-2002 ZDHS survey, information on educational attainment was collected for everymember of the household age 5 and over. The results are presented in Table 2.4 and Figure 2.3. Data on theeducational attainment among youth suggest that there has been progress in achieving the goal of universaleducation.Table 2.4 shows the percent distribution of the de facto male and female population age 6 and over,by the highest level of education attained, according to selected background characteristics. Overall, morefemales than males have no education (25 percent and 18 percent, respectively). More than four in ten(42 percent of males and 45 percent of females) have some primary education. The proportion of males whocompleted primary and secondary education is slightly higher than the respective proportion of females.Figure 2.3 and Table 2.4 show that the proportions of persons with no education are markedly higher amongthose in the 6-9 age group (many of whom have not yet started school) and among those age 50 and above.There are urban-rural differences in educational attainment. Seven percent of males in urban areasand 2 percent in rural areas have attained more than a secondary level of education, compared with 4 percentof females in urban areas and 1 percent in rural areas. About 32 percent of females and 23 percent of males inrural areas have no education. In urban areas, 13 percent of females and 9 percent of males have noeducation. Results from past DHS surveys in Zambia indicate that the proportion of children attending schoolhas decreased slightly over the 10-year period between the surveys. In 1992, 11 percent of boys and girls age10-14 had never attended school; in 1996, 13 percent of males and 12 percent of females had never attendedschool; and in 2001-2002, 14 percent of males and 15 percent of females age 10-14 had never attendedschool.Characteristics of Households and Respondents | 15
Page 1: ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
Page 4 and 5: This report summarises the findings
Page 6: Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
Page 9 and 10: Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
Page 11 and 12: PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
Page 13 and 14: PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
Page 15 and 16: Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
Page 17 and 18: PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
Page 19 and 20: PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
Page 21 and 22: FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
Page 23 and 24: According to mothers’ reports, ar
Page 25 and 26: ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
Page 27 and 28: The 1980s marked the start of the f
Page 29 and 30: the peripheral structures. An impor
Page 31 and 32: ing in private households in the co
Page 33 and 34: subjects agreed) received a referra
Page 35 and 36: confidentiality.Finally, in additio
Page 37 and 38: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
Page 39: Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
Page 49 and 50: Thirty percent of households own a
Page 51 and 52: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
Page 53 and 54: enrolment ratios suggest that educa
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
Page 75 and 76: 3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92:
The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94:
4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
Page 95 and 96:
FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
Page 97 and 98:
Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
Page 99 and 100:
Seventy percent of currently marrie
Page 101:
Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 105 and 106:
Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
Page 107 and 108:
Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
Page 109 and 110:
The pattern is slightly different f
Page 111 and 112:
5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
Page 113 and 114:
Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
Page 115 and 116:
Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
Page 117 and 118:
Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
Page 119 and 120:
Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
Page 121 and 122:
Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
Page 123 and 124:
Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 125 and 126:
Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 127 and 128:
Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
Page 129 and 130:
FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
Page 131 and 132:
The above results show an increase
Page 133 and 134:
7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
Page 135 and 136:
Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
Page 137 and 138:
The mean ideal number of children f
Page 139 and 140:
Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
Page 141 and 142:
Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
Page 143 and 144:
Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
Page 145 and 146:
Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
Page 147 and 148:
Only 27 percent of births are in a
Page 149 and 150:
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
Page 151 and 152:
Expectant mothers should beginanten
Page 153 and 154:
There are particularly sharp differ
Page 155 and 156:
Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 157 and 158:
Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
Page 159 and 160:
Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
Page 161 and 162:
Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
Page 163 and 164:
Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
Page 165 and 166:
No major variations were observed w
Page 167 and 168:
Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
Page 169 and 170:
Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
Page 171 and 172:
Eastern province has the highest pr
Page 173 and 174:
Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
Page 175 and 176:
Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
Page 177 and 178:
10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
Page 179 and 180:
Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
Page 181 and 182:
Luapula province has the highest pe
Page 183 and 184:
INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
Page 185 and 186:
than half (51 percent) of the infan
Page 187 and 188:
tamination after cleaning, the nipp
Page 189 and 190:
11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
Page 191 and 192:
Few children under two years of age
Page 193 and 194:
Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
Page 195 and 196:
11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
Page 197 and 198:
11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
Page 199 and 200:
11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
Page 201 and 202:
Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
Page 203 and 204:
Table 11.12 indicates that children
Page 205 and 206:
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
Page 207 and 208:
Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
Page 209 and 210:
Results show that almost eight out
Page 211 and 212:
Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
Page 213 and 214:
More than four out of ten never-mar
Page 215 and 216:
AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
Page 217 and 218:
Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
Page 219 and 220:
Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
Page 221 and 222:
Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
Page 223 and 224:
The view that HIV status of a famil
Page 225 and 226:
Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
Page 227 and 228:
Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
Page 229 and 230:
Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
Page 231 and 232:
Men in sales and services and skill
Page 233 and 234:
Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
Page 235 and 236:
Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
Page 237 and 238:
The peak age for having STI symptom
Page 239 and 240:
used condoms, 34 percent took medic
Page 241 and 242:
The practice of having multiple par
Page 243 and 244:
Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
Page 245 and 246:
PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
Page 247 and 248:
14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
Page 249 and 250:
14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
Page 251 and 252:
14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
Page 253 and 254:
Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
Page 255 and 256:
The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
Page 257 and 258:
Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
Page 259 and 260:
Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
Page 261 and 262:
ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
Page 263 and 264:
Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
Page 265 and 266:
While again not definitive, the res
Page 267 and 268:
124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
Page 269 and 270:
SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
Page 271 and 272:
Table A.2. Expected number of selec
Page 273 and 274:
Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
Page 275 and 276:
Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
Page 277 and 278:
where h represents the stratum whic
Page 279 and 280:
Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
Page 289 and 290:
Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
Page 291 and 292:
DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
Page 293 and 294:
Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
Page 295 and 296:
Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
Page 297 and 298:
Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
Page 299 and 300:
Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
Page 301 and 302:
286 | Appendix E
Page 303 and 304:
HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
Page 305 and 306:
LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
Page 307 and 308:
NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
Page 313 and 314:
September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
Page 315 and 316:
SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
Page 317 and 318:
SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
Page 319 and 320:
212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
Page 321 and 322:
NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
Page 327 and 328:
NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
Page 329 and 330:
407AWhere did the first antenatal v
Page 331 and 332:
NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
Page 333 and 334:
NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
Page 335 and 336:
SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
Page 337 and 338:
LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
Page 339 and 340:
LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
Page 341 and 342:
LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
Page 343 and 344:
NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
Page 345 and 346:
SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
Page 369 and 370:
904 What wasname given toyour oldes
Page 371 and 372:
NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
Page 373 and 374:
SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
14 Have you heard of any other ways
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
show all

Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?