Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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In the 2001-2002 ZDHS, respondents were asked whether they ever heard about infections thatcan be transmitted through sexual contact. If the reply was “yes,” the respondents were asked to spontaneouslymention what symptoms a woman and a man with a sexually transmitted disease might have.Data concerning knowledge of symptoms of STIs are shown in Tables 13.14.1 and 13.14.2. The data indicatethat 10 percent of women and 9 percent of men have no knowledge of STIs (not includingHIV/AIDS).Table 13.14.1 Knowledge of symptoms of STDs: womenPercentage of women with knowledge of symptoms associated with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in a man and ina woman, by background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Knowledge of symptomsKnowledge of symptomsof STDs in a manof STDs in a woman––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––No No Two or No Two orknowl- symptoms One more symptoms One more NumberBackground edge men- symptom symptoms men- symptom symptoms ofcharacteristic of STDs tioned mentioned mentioned tioned mentioned mentioned women–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Age15-19 20.9 20.3 27.7 31.0 21.4 26.8 30.8 1,81120-24 8.3 16.4 26.5 48.8 15.8 25.8 50.1 1,66425-29 6.2 11.8 21.2 60.8 11.9 20.5 61.5 1,37630-39 4.9 10.1 21.4 63.6 9.5 20.9 64.7 1,73840-49 6.8 8.9 18.7 65.5 8.3 17.2 67.6 1,069Marital statusNever married 18.3 20.2 26.8 34.8 20.9 25.5 35.3 1,897Ever had sex 10.8 19.1 27.1 42.9 18.2 27.1 43.9 990Never had sex 26.4 21.3 26.5 25.8 23.9 23.8 25.9 907Married/living together 7.2 12.1 22.9 57.8 12.0 22.3 58.5 4,694Divorced/separated/widowed 7.1 11.6 20.9 60.4 10.1 19.9 62.8 1,067ResidenceUrban 6.1 14.3 21.6 58.0 14.6 20.3 58.9 3,073Rural 12.5 13.8 25.0 48.7 13.5 24.5 49.6 4,585ProvinceCentral 8.4 14.9 33.4 43.2 14.3 34.7 42.6 562Copperbelt 7.3 11.1 21.3 60.3 12.0 18.4 62.2 1,544Eastern 13.4 13.8 31.3 41.5 14.2 30.1 42.3 926Luapula 6.7 3.8 20.8 68.7 4.6 19.8 68.8 622Lusaka 5.1 18.5 21.4 54.9 17.1 21.0 56.8 1,132Northern 10.7 19.0 19.1 51.2 18.1 18.4 52.8 1,040North-Western 9.9 5.3 11.1 73.7 4.9 8.4 76.8 354Southern 19.5 16.3 18.7 45.5 16.3 21.2 43.0 814Western 10.6 16.4 36.0 37.1 16.7 34.9 37.8 663EducationNo education 20.2 12.3 24.6 42.9 12.3 22.1 45.4 925Primary 10.9 14.2 24.0 50.9 13.9 23.4 51.8 4,439Secondary 4.3 15.3 23.2 57.3 15.7 22.7 57.3 2,061Higher 0.0 6.1 16.3 77.6 6.7 14.7 78.6 234Total 9.9 14.0 23.6 52.4 14.0 22.8 53.3 7,658214 | AIDS/HIV/STI-Related Knowledge and Behaviour
Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms of STDs: menPercentage of men with knowledge of symptoms associated with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in a man and in awoman, by background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Knowledge of symptomsKnowledge of symptomsof STDs in a manof STDs in a woman––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––No No Two or No Two orknow- symptoms One more symptoms One more NumberBackground ledge men- symptom symptoms men- symptom symptoms ofcharacteristic of STDs tioned mentioned mentioned tioned mentioned mentioned men–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Age15-19 29.6 15.8 20.8 33.7 30.2 16.1 24.1 45920-24 5.1 6.9 22.2 65.8 32.6 19.5 42.7 34625-29 4.0 6.8 12.7 76.6 32.1 13.4 50.5 36130-39 2.2 7.5 12.8 77.5 30.2 14.4 53.2 52340-49 3.7 8.0 7.4 80.9 27.5 9.1 59.7 28750-59 4.7 7.2 14.4 73.6 23.4 15.3 56.6 171Marital statusNever married 20.1 12.7 21.7 45.6 33.8 17.0 29.1 782Ever had sex 12.4 11.2 24.4 52.0 35.9 18.3 33.4 579Never had sex 42.0 17.0 13.9 27.1 27.9 13.2 16.9 202Married/living together 3.1 7.2 11.8 78.0 27.9 13.1 55.9 1,248Divorced/separated/widowed 2.4 6.0 11.8 79.8 26.2 18.7 52.7 116ResidenceUrban 6.2 10.4 18.1 65.3 38.8 16.2 38.9 851Rural 11.3 8.3 13.6 66.9 24.2 13.9 50.6 1,294ProvinceCentral 9.8 4.7 17.0 68.5 14.9 18.1 57.2 165Copperbelt 9.0 13.5 17.3 60.2 41.7 16.2 33.1 447Eastern 6.6 7.4 11.7 74.2 21.1 13.7 58.6 268Luapula 5.5 3.3 9.9 81.2 14.9 8.3 71.3 166Lusaka 7.9 14.2 18.0 59.8 41.4 15.9 34.7 314Northern 8.6 9.8 12.5 69.1 36.1 8.9 46.5 292North-Western 12.2 2.5 26.9 58.4 8.0 26.1 53.8 93Southern 16.6 4.4 16.6 62.4 37.6 19.0 26.8 232Western 8.9 9.6 12.1 69.4 12.7 12.1 66.2 169EducationNo education 23.0 9.1 14.3 53.6 21.4 12.2 43.4 108Primary 12.9 9.3 15.5 62.3 27.4 15.2 44.5 1,100Secondary 3.9 9.5 16.2 70.4 34.4 14.7 47.1 808Higher 0.0 5.5 10.1 84.4 32.2 14.3 53.5 129Total 9.2 9.1 15.4 66.3 30.0 14.8 46.0 2,145Among both women and men, the younger age group (15-19) is less likely to have knowledgeabout STIs than the older age groups. Rural men and women are less likely to be knowledgeable aboutSTIs than their urban counterparts. However, in Luapula province, a rural province, the proportion ofwomen and men who know two or more symptoms of STIs is higher than most other provinces. There isa strong positive relationship between level of education and knowledge of STIs.Similar proportions of men and women report no knowledge of STIs. Not surprisingly, men aremore familiar with male symptoms of STI and women with female symptoms. Those who report neverhaving sex or not being married are less familiar with STIs. Rural respondents are more likely than theirurban counterparts to report no knowledge of STIs. However, urban males are less familiar with femaleSTI symptoms than their rural counterparts.AIDS/HIV/STI-Related Knowledge and Behaviour | 215
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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the peripheral structures. An impor
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ing in private households in the co
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subjects agreed) received a referra
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confidentiality.Finally, in additio
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CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
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Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
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2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
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Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
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Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
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2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
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Thirty percent of households own a
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
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enrolment ratios suggest that educa
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3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
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Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
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3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
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Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
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Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
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non-agricultural occupations, since
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Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
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Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
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3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
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Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
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Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
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FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
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As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
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Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
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Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
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Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
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The median birth interval is 33 mon
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4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
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FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
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Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
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Seventy percent of currently marrie
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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Page 185 and 186: than half (51 percent) of the infan
Page 187 and 188: tamination after cleaning, the nipp
Page 189 and 190: 11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
Page 191 and 192: Few children under two years of age
Page 193 and 194: Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
Page 195 and 196: 11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
Page 197 and 198: 11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
Page 199 and 200: 11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
Page 201 and 202: Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
Page 203 and 204: Table 11.12 indicates that children
Page 205 and 206: VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
Page 207 and 208: Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
Page 209 and 210: Results show that almost eight out
Page 211 and 212: Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
Page 213 and 214: More than four out of ten never-mar
Page 215 and 216: AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
Page 217 and 218: Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
Page 219 and 220: Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
Page 221 and 222: Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
Page 223 and 224: The view that HIV status of a famil
Page 225 and 226: Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
Page 227 and 228: Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
Page 229 and 230: Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
Page 231 and 232: Men in sales and services and skill
Page 233: Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
Page 237 and 238: The peak age for having STI symptom
Page 239 and 240: used condoms, 34 percent took medic
Page 241 and 242: The practice of having multiple par
Page 243 and 244: Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
Page 245 and 246: PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
Page 247 and 248: 14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
Page 249 and 250: 14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
Page 251 and 252: 14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
Page 253 and 254: Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
Page 255 and 256: The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
Page 257 and 258: Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
Page 259 and 260: Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
Page 261 and 262: ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
Page 263 and 264: Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
Page 265 and 266: While again not definitive, the res
Page 267 and 268: 124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
Page 269 and 270: SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
Page 271 and 272: Table A.2. Expected number of selec
Page 273 and 274: Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
Page 275 and 276: Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
Page 277 and 278: where h represents the stratum whic
Page 279 and 280: Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.8 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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