Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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Table 13.9.1 Testing for the AIDS virus: womenPercent distribution of all women by whether tested for the AIDS virus and desire to be tested, and percent distribution of womenwho have been tested by source of testing, and percentage of women who have not been tested who know a source for the test,according to background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Not tested for Among those tested, Amongthe AIDS virus source of testing those not––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––– tested, NumberTested Do not Number know a offor the Want want Don't Number of source womenBackground AIDS to be to be know/ of Private women for notcharacteristic virus tested1tested missing Total women Public medical Missing Total tested the test2tested–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Age15-19 6.6 71.2 17.1 5.1 100.0 1,811 76.9 22.5 0.3 100.0 120 53.1 1,66220-24 11.5 68.1 17.5 2.9 100.0 1,664 68.2 30.6 1.2 100.0 191 63.8 1,46425-29 11.7 68.6 16.5 3.3 100.0 1,376 70.9 27.7 1.4 100.0 160 65.7 1,20930-39 9.7 68.5 18.7 3.1 100.0 1,738 56.1 43.3 0.0 100.0 168 64.2 1,56740-49 7.7 66.0 22.0 4.3 100.0 1,069 57.0 41.7 1.3 100.0 82 60.9 979Marital statusNever married 8.3 68.2 18.9 4.6 100.0 1,897 62.7 37.1 0.0 100.0 158 57.7 1,710Ever had sex 11.1 70.6 15.4 2.9 100.0 990 60.5 39.2 0.0 100.0 110 64.7 868Never had sex 5.3 65.6 22.7 6.4 100.0 907 67.7 32.3 0.0 100.0 48 50.4 842Married/living together 9.6 69.5 17.5 3.4 100.0 4,694 66.8 32.0 1.0 100.0 452 62.3 4,222Divorced/separated/widowed 10.5 66.3 19.7 3.5 100.0 1,067 68.6 30.2 1.1 100.0 112 62.8 949ResidenceUrban 14.0 62.4 21.3 2.3 100.0 3,073 69.3 30.1 0.6 100.0 430 67.2 2,639Rural 6.4 73.0 16.0 4.7 100.0 4,585 61.6 36.7 1.2 100.0 293 57.5 4,243ProvinceCentral 6.3 74.1 18.0 1.7 100.0 562 83.9 16.1 0.0 100.0 35 69.4 526Copperbelt 11.7 65.0 21.2 2.1 100.0 1,544 58.2 41.8 0.0 100.0 181 68.3 1,358Eastern 7.9 71.3 16.0 4.8 100.0 926 66.2 31.0 2.8 100.0 74 48.4 848Luapula 3.5 81.2 13.7 1.6 100.0 622 63.6 31.8 4.5 100.0 22 61.3 596Lusaka 16.5 58.3 22.9 2.3 100.0 1,132 76.4 22.3 1.4 100.0 187 63.1 945Northern 6.7 68.0 17.8 7.4 100.0 1,040 74.7 25.3 0.0 100.0 70 54.3 961North-Western 11.0 69.5 17.4 2.2 100.0 354 49.5 48.5 1.0 100.0 39 75.8 313Southern 7.1 75.4 14.7 2.8 100.0 814 58.0 42.0 0.0 100.0 58 59.1 752Western 8.6 68.3 15.2 8.0 100.0 663 57.1 41.1 0.0 100.0 57 59.1 583EducationNo education 3.2 67.0 22.1 7.7 100.0 925 56.5 36.7 6.8 100.0 30 41.9 876Primary 7.7 72.4 16.1 3.8 100.0 4,439 70.0 28.5 1.2 100.0 343 58.5 4,060Secondary 14.3 64.2 20.0 1.6 100.0 2,061 65.7 34.2 0.0 100.0 295 74.0 1,766Higher 23.4 46.8 25.3 4.5 100.0 234 50.1 49.9 0.0 100.0 55 90.6 179Total 9.4 68.7 18.1 3.7 100.0 7,658 66.2 32.8 0.8 100.0 722 61.2 6,881–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––1Includes those who have not heard of AIDS2Excludes women who have not heard of AIDSAlmost 7 in 10 women say they would like to be tested for HIV. A higher proportion of ruralwomen (73 percent) have a desire to be tested than urban women (62 percent). Luapula province has thelowest proportion of women who have been tested for HIV, but the highest proportion (81 percent) whoare willing to be tested. Because relatively fewer rural women have had a chance to be tested for HIVthan urban women, the demands for testing among rural women are very high. The proportion of womenwho want to be but have not yet been tested generally declines with women’s level of education (Figure13.1).206 | AIDS/HIV/STI-Related Knowledge and Behaviour
Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Testing by Education LevelTotal6964No educationPrimary58677271Secondary6460Higher3747PercentWomenMenZDHS 2001-2002Among women who have been tested, the public sector is the most common source for HIV testingwhere 66 percent of women got tested. This pattern is similar across all marital status categories,residence and level of education. However, for women with higher education and those in the North-Western province, the proportions who got tested in public and private medical institution are close.Three of five women who have not been tested say they know a place where they could get tested.Table 13.9.2 shows that 14 percent of male respondents have been tested for HIV, 64 percentwould like to be tested and 19 percent would not like to be tested. The more educated men, those in urbanareas, particularly in Lusaka, and men who are married or living with a woman are more likely to havebeen tested for HIV. There are no major variations in the proportions of men who would like to be tested,by age, marital status and residence. However, Southern province has the highest level of men who havenot yet been tested but say they would like to be. The proportion of men who want to be but have not yetbeen tested is higher for men with primary education than for those with no education, but drops with increasinglevel of education (Figure 13.1).Among men who have been tested, almost two in three were tested in public institutions and onein five in private medical institutions.Almost 70 percent of men not tested know a source for testing. Knowledge of a source for testingincreases with increasing level of education.AIDS/HIV/STI-Related Knowledge and Behaviour | 207
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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the peripheral structures. An impor
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ing in private households in the co
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subjects agreed) received a referra
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confidentiality.Finally, in additio
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CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
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Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
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2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
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Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
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Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
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2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
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Thirty percent of households own a
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
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enrolment ratios suggest that educa
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3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
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Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
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3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
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Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
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Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
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non-agricultural occupations, since
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Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
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Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
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3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
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Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
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Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
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FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
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As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
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Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
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Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
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Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
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The median birth interval is 33 mon
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4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
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FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
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Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
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Seventy percent of currently marrie
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
Page 175 and 176: Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
Page 177 and 178: 10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
Page 179 and 180: Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
Page 181 and 182: Luapula province has the highest pe
Page 183 and 184: INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
Page 185 and 186: than half (51 percent) of the infan
Page 187 and 188: tamination after cleaning, the nipp
Page 189 and 190: 11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
Page 191 and 192: Few children under two years of age
Page 193 and 194: Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
Page 195 and 196: 11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
Page 197 and 198: 11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
Page 199 and 200: 11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
Page 201 and 202: Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
Page 203 and 204: Table 11.12 indicates that children
Page 205 and 206: VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
Page 207 and 208: Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
Page 209 and 210: Results show that almost eight out
Page 211 and 212: Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
Page 213 and 214: More than four out of ten never-mar
Page 215 and 216: AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
Page 217 and 218: Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
Page 219 and 220: Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
Page 221 and 222: Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
Page 223 and 224: The view that HIV status of a famil
Page 225: Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
Page 229 and 230: Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
Page 231 and 232: Men in sales and services and skill
Page 233 and 234: Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
Page 235 and 236: Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
Page 237 and 238: The peak age for having STI symptom
Page 239 and 240: used condoms, 34 percent took medic
Page 241 and 242: The practice of having multiple par
Page 243 and 244: Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
Page 245 and 246: PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
Page 247 and 248: 14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
Page 249 and 250: 14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
Page 251 and 252: 14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
Page 253 and 254: Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
Page 255 and 256: The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
Page 257 and 258: Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
Page 259 and 260: Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
Page 261 and 262: ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
Page 263 and 264: Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
Page 265 and 266: While again not definitive, the res
Page 267 and 268: 124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
Page 269 and 270: SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
Page 271 and 272: Table A.2. Expected number of selec
Page 273 and 274: Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
Page 275 and 276: Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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