Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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• Interviewers were provided with a list of organisations that provide services or referrals tovictims of domestic violence and were instructed to give a copy of the list to abused women whoappealed to them for help.Table 12.1 Background characteristics of respondents12.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTSwho were asked questions about domestic violenceAs mentioned above, in every householdselected for the 2001-2002 ZDHS with eligiblewomen, one woman was randomly selected to answerthe domestic violence questions. Table 12.1 shows thepercentage of women in the domestic violence subsampleby background characteristics. A total of 5,029women answered the domestic violence questions,representing 92 percent of all women selected in thedomestic violence sub-sample (data not shown intable). Overall, the background characteristics ofwomen in the domestic violence sub-sample followsimilar patterns as those of women in the 2001-2002ZDHS sample (Chapter 3, Table 3.1). It is importantto acknowledge that despite all efforts to reassurewomen, women may have been reluctant to discussviolence or particular types of violence (physical orsexual). Willingness to report violence likely alsovaries by subgroup, affecting the differentials shown inmany of the tables to an unknown degree.12.3 EXPERIENCE OF BEATINGS OR PHYSICALMISTREATMENTDuring the 2001-2002 ZDHS, women selectedfor the domestic violence sub-sample were askedwhether their husband/partner or any other person hadever slapped, hit, kicked, thrown things at them, ordone anything else to physically hurt them since age15. Women who answered ‘Yes’ to this question aredefined as having experienced physical violence. Therespondents were also asked whether they hadexperienced physical violence in the 12 months priorto the survey and, if yes, how many times thishappened during the past year.Table 12.2 shows the percentages of womenwho have experienced violence since age 15 and in the12 months preceding the survey by backgroundcharacteristics.Percent distribution of women in the domestic violencesub-sample, according to background characteristics,Zambia 2001-2002BackgroundcharacteristicPercentTotalWeightednumberAge15-19 23.3 1,17120-24 21.6 1,08625-29 17.8 89830-34 12.8 64435-39 9.9 49540-44 8.3 41845-49 6.3 317Marital statusNever married 24.6 1,237Married 60.8 3,057Divorced/separated 9.7 489Widowed 4.9 245ResidenceUrban 40.6 2,043Rural 59.4 2,986ProvinceCentral 7.3 367Copperbelt 20.1 1,010Eastern 12.2 614Luapula 8.1 410Lusaka 14.7 738Northern 13.6 684North-Western 4.6 232Southern 10.7 539Western 8.7 435EducationNo education 12.1 608Primary 58.2 2,929Secondary 26.3 1,320Higher 3.4 172Employment statusNot employed 44.4 2,233Employed for cash 31.9 1,604Employed, but not for cash 23.6 1,187Total 100.0 5,029More than half of women (53 percent) report having experienced beatings or physical mistreatmentsince age 15 and almost one out of four women (24 percent) report having experienced physical violence inthe past 12 months. Never-married women report having been beaten or physically mistreated since age 15significantly less often (41 percent) than ever-married women (57 percent), while similar proportions(21 percent of never-married and 24 percent of ever-married women) reportedly experienced physicalviolence during the last 12 months.186 | Violence against Women
Table 12.2 Experience of beatings or physical mistreatmentPercentage of women who have ever experienced physical violence (since age 15) and the percentage who experienced physicalviolence in the past 12 months, by marital status and background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002BackgroundcharacteristicEver-married women Never-married women TotalIn past 12 NumberIn past 12 NumberIn past 12months of women Ever months of women Ever monthsEverNumberof womenAge15-19 53.3 34.5 306 41.7 25.5 864 44.8 27.8 1,17120-29 60.1 30.4 1,643 40.9 12.0 340 56.8 27.2 1,98330-39 55.5 19.2 1,110 (19.4) (0.0) 30 54.5 18.7 1,14040-49 55.0 14.3 732 * * 3 55.0 14.2 735Marital statusNever married na na na 41.0 21.1 1,237 41.0 21.1 1,237Married 55.8 25.9 3,057 na na na 55.8 25.9 3,057Separated/divorced 66.8 22.3 489 na na na 66.8 22.3 489Widowed 56.1 8.7 245 na na na 56.1 8.7 245ResidenceUrban 64.1 26.5 1,438 46.3 22.9 605 58.8 25.4 2,043Rural 53.0 23.0 2,354 35.9 19.3 632 49.4 22.2 2,986ProvinceCentral 52.2 20.3 275 34.0 16.7 92 47.7 19.4 367Copperbelt 64.9 29.2 727 49.5 26.1 282 60.6 28.3 1,010Eastern 51.2 17.6 506 40.7 13.6 108 49.4 16.9 614Luapula 53.2 23.2 326 36.2 13.4 84 49.8 21.2 410Lusaka 66.8 26.1 526 45.4 27.1 212 60.7 26.4 738Northern 54.9 24.3 535 38.0 24.0 149 51.3 24.2 684North-Western 43.7 11.4 170 29.6 8.5 62 39.9 10.6 232Southern 59.0 26.1 417 44.2 21.4 122 55.7 25.0 539Western 50.3 30.3 309 28.8 16.9 127 44.0 26.4 435EducationNo education 52.5 23.6 538 28.3 10.3 71 49.7 22.0 608Primary 57.2 24.3 2,324 40.4 23.4 605 53.7 24.1 2,929Secondary 59.0 26.5 819 43.8 22.4 501 53.2 25.0 1,320Higher 68.0 10.9 111 38.1 0.0 61 57.5 7.0 172Employment statusNot employed 58.1 25.1 1,437 42.7 22.4 796 52.6 24.1 2,233Employed for cash 59.2 22.5 1,367 35.8 16.7 237 55.7 21.7 1,604Employed, but not for cash 53.3 25.6 986 40.9 21.4 201 51.2 24.9 1,187Total 57.2 24.3 3,792 41.0 21.1 1,237 53.2 23.5 5,029Note: An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Figures in parenthesesare based on 25-49 unweighted cases..na = Not applicableViolence against Women | 187
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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the peripheral structures. An impor
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ing in private households in the co
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subjects agreed) received a referra
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confidentiality.Finally, in additio
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CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
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Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
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2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
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Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
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Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
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2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
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Thirty percent of households own a
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
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enrolment ratios suggest that educa
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3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
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Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
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3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
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Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
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Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
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non-agricultural occupations, since
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Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
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Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
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3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
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Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
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Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
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FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
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As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
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Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
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Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
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Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
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The median birth interval is 33 mon
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4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
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FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
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Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
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Seventy percent of currently marrie
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
Page 155 and 156: Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 157 and 158: Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
Page 159 and 160: Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
Page 161 and 162: Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
Page 163 and 164: Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
Page 165 and 166: No major variations were observed w
Page 167 and 168: Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
Page 169 and 170: Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
Page 171 and 172: Eastern province has the highest pr
Page 173 and 174: Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
Page 175 and 176: Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
Page 177 and 178: 10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
Page 179 and 180: Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
Page 181 and 182: Luapula province has the highest pe
Page 183 and 184: INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
Page 185 and 186: than half (51 percent) of the infan
Page 187 and 188: tamination after cleaning, the nipp
Page 189 and 190: 11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
Page 191 and 192: Few children under two years of age
Page 193 and 194: Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
Page 195 and 196: 11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
Page 197 and 198: 11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
Page 199 and 200: 11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
Page 201 and 202: Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
Page 203 and 204: Table 11.12 indicates that children
Page 205: VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
Page 209 and 210: Results show that almost eight out
Page 211 and 212: Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
Page 213 and 214: More than four out of ten never-mar
Page 215 and 216: AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
Page 217 and 218: Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
Page 219 and 220: Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
Page 221 and 222: Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
Page 223 and 224: The view that HIV status of a famil
Page 225 and 226: Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
Page 227 and 228: Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
Page 229 and 230: Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
Page 231 and 232: Men in sales and services and skill
Page 233 and 234: Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
Page 235 and 236: Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
Page 237 and 238: The peak age for having STI symptom
Page 239 and 240: used condoms, 34 percent took medic
Page 241 and 242: The practice of having multiple par
Page 243 and 244: Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
Page 245 and 246: PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
Page 247 and 248: 14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
Page 249 and 250: 14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
Page 251 and 252: 14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
Page 253 and 254: Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
Page 255 and 256: The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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