Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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CHAPTER 15ADULT MORTALITYPageTable 15.1 Completeness of reporting on siblings...................................................... 242Table 15.2 Adult mortality rates ................................................................................ 243Table 15.3 Adult mortality rates by residence and province....................................... 244Table 15.4 Direct estimates of maternal mortality...................................................... 245Figure 15.1 Trends in Age-specific Mortality among Adults 15-49............................... 244APPENDIX ASAMPLE DESIGNTable A.1 Proportional allocation and squared root allocation of320 clusters by province .......................................................................... 252Table A.2 Expected number of selected households to reach the target ofcompleted interviews by province ........................................................... 253Table A.3 Final allocation of women 15-49 with completed interviews andclusters in each province by urban and rural residence ............................ 253Table A.4 Sample implementation: women's sample ............................................... 256Table A.5 Sample implementation: women's sample ............................................... 257APPENDIX BESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORSTable B.1 List of selected variables for sampling errors............................................. 261Table B.2 Sampling errors for selected variables, total sample, Zambia .................... 262Table B.3 Sampling errors for selected variables, urban sample................................ 263Table B.4 Sampling errors for selected variables, rural sample.................................. 264Table B.5 Sampling errors for selected variables, Central province ........................... 265Table B.6 Sampling errors for selected variables, Copperbelt province..................... 266Table B.7 Sampling errors for selected variables, Eastern province ........................... 267Table B.8 Sampling errors for selected variables, Luapula province.......................... 268Table B.9 Sampling errors for selected variables, Lusaka province............................ 269Table B.10 Sampling errors for selected variables, Northern province ........................ 270Table B.11 Sampling errors for selected variables, North-Western province ............... 271Table B.12 Sampling errors for selected variables, Southern province ........................ 272Table B.13 Sampling errors for selected variables, Western province ......................... 273APPENDIX CDATA QUALITY TABLESTable C.1 Household age distribution...................................................................... 275Table C.2.1 Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women................................. 276Table C.2.2 Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men ..................................... 276Table C.3 Completeness of reporting....................................................................... 277Table C.4 Births by calendar years ........................................................................... 277Table C.5 Reporting of age at death in days............................................................. 278Table C.6 Reporting of age at death in months ........................................................ 279Tables and Figures | xvii
PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys is an important part of the surveillance systemproviding indicators for the strategic management and monitoring of the health sector in Zambia.Indicators from the surveys show the current status and trends in important areas of health care deliverysuch as environmental health, reproductive health, maternal health, child health, sexually transmittedinfections and HIV/AIDS. The surveys are also a major source of information about health seekingbehaviour regarding individuals and communities. Fertility and mortality indicators, which gauge theoverall health status of the population are also provided by the surveys.Three Demographic and Health Surveys have been carried out in Zambia, the first in 1992, thesecond in 1996, and the most recent in 2001-2002. Institutional collaboration has been the hallmark ofthe implementation of these surveys. As in the previous surveys, the Central Board of Health mobilisedresources for the 2001-2002 ZDHS while the Central Statistical Office played the key role in theimplementation of the survey. Other participating institutions were the Tropical Diseases ResearchCentre, which was in charge of syphilis and HIV testing; the University Teaching Hospital, which madeimportant contributions towards the development of the syphilis and HIV testing protocol; the NationalFood and Nutrition Commission, which was responsible for the nutrition components; and the Universityof Zambia Demography Division, which assisted with the training of field staff.Key people in the implementation of the 2001-2002 ZDHS were Mr David Diangamo, Directorof Census and Statistics; Dr Musonda Rosemary Sunkutu, Director of Public Health and Research in theCentral Board of Health; Mr Bornwell Sikateyo, Manager for Health Management Information Systemsin the Central Board of Health; Mr Kumbutso Dzekedzeke, Survey Co-ordinator from the CentralStatistical Office; Mr Patrick Mumba Chewe, Assistant Survey Co-ordinator from the Central StatisticalOffice; Dr Rosemary Musonda, Deputy Director at the Tropical Diseases Research Centre; and MsArlinda Zhuzhuni, Project Manager from ORC Macro.A number of donors contributed towards the survey costs. The Government of Japan providedvehicles for the survey teams in addition to providing financial support for other components of thesurvey. Part of the support from the Government of Japan was channelled through the United NationsDevelopment Programme. Other donors who contributed were the U.S. Agency for InternationalDevelopment, which provided financial and technical support through ORC Macro, the United NationsPopulation Fund, and the Danish Agency for International Development.We owe an immense gratitude to the Field Coordinators, Interviewers, Nurse/Nurse Counsellors,Laboratory Technicians, Supervisors, Field Editors, Provincial Statistical Officers, and Drivers for theirhard work and dedication. We have printed a list of names in Appendix D as a sign of our appreciationfor their help and kindness. We are also grateful to all the respondents for their patience and generositywith their time.It will only be worth the effort to have compiled all the indicators in this report if stakeholders inthe health sector use them to improve health care delivery and efforts to prevent the spread of HIV andother infectious diseases in Zambia.Dr. Ben U. ChirwaDirector GeneralCentral Board of HealthPreface | xix
Page 1: ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
Page 4 and 5: This report summarises the findings
Page 6: Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
Page 9 and 10: Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
Page 11 and 12: PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
Page 13 and 14: PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
Page 15 and 16: Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
Page 17: PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
Page 21 and 22: FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
Page 23 and 24: According to mothers’ reports, ar
Page 25 and 26: ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
Page 27 and 28: The 1980s marked the start of the f
Page 29 and 30: the peripheral structures. An impor
Page 31 and 32: ing in private households in the co
Page 33 and 34: subjects agreed) received a referra
Page 35 and 36: confidentiality.Finally, in additio
Page 37 and 38: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
Page 49 and 50: Thirty percent of households own a
Page 51 and 52: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
Page 53 and 54: enrolment ratios suggest that educa
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
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Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
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3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
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Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
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Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
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FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
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As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
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Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
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Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
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Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
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The median birth interval is 33 mon
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4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
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FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
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Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
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Seventy percent of currently marrie
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
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The pattern is slightly different f
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5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
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Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
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Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
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Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
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Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
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The above results show an increase
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7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
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Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
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The mean ideal number of children f
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Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
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Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
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Only 27 percent of births are in a
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MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
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Expectant mothers should beginanten
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There are particularly sharp differ
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Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
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Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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