Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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Table 6.9 Median duration of postpartum insusceptibility by backgroundcharacteristicsMedian number of months of postpartum amenorrhoea, postpartumabstinence, and postpartum insusceptibility following births in the threeyears preceding the survey, by background characteristics, Zambia 2001-2002–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––NumberPostpartum Postpartum Postpartum ofamenorrhoea abstinence insusceptibility births–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Mother’s age15-29 12.7 4.9 14.5 2,77830-49 14.6 4.5 15.7 1,291ResidenceUrban 9.9 4.6 12.9 1,230Rural 14.4 4.9 15.9 2,839ProvinceCentral 12.5 4.1 13.1 311Copperbelt 11.4 4.2 13.0 641Eastern 14.1 5.3 15.3 568Luapula 13.8 2.6 14.5 390Lusaka 9.1 5.0 10.9 469Northern 15.0 5.8 16.2 642North-Western 15.4 5.7 17.9 217Southern 14.3 3.5 16.2 452Western 14.4 10.4 19.4 379Mother’s educationNo education 15.5 5.6 16.7 602Primary 13.9 4.7 15.3 2,595Secondary 10.0 4.6 12.6 818Higher 3.7 4.2 6.7 54Total 13.3 4.8 14.9 4,069–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Note: Medians are based on status at the time of the survey.6.7 MENOPAUSEAnother factor influencing the risk of pregnancy amongwomen is menopause. In the context of the available survey data,women are considered menopausal if they are neither pregnant norpostpartum amenorrhoeic, but have not had a menstrual period in thesix months preceding the survey (Table 6.10). As expected, theproportion of women who are menopausal increases with age from2 percent for women age 30-34 to 40 percent for women age 48-49.Table 6.10 MenopausePercentage of women age 30-49 whoare menopausal, by age, Zambia2001-2002––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––NumberPercentage ofAge menopausal 1 women––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––30-34 1.5 97235-39 2.9 76640-41 5.6 22542-43 6.9 26544-45 16.0 21646-47 34.8 19748-49 39.7 166Total 8.4 2,807–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––1Percentage of all women who are notpregnant and not postpartum amenorrhoeicwhose last menstrual periodoccurred six or more months precedingthe surveyOther Determinants of Fertility │ 103
FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEED7FOR FAMILY PLANNINGMargaret T. Mwanamwenge and Richard BandaInformation on the fertility preferences of men and women provides family planning programmeswith an assessment of trends in ideals about family size, the prevailing need for contraception, and theextent of unwanted and mistimed pregnancies. Data on fertility preferences can also be useful as anindicator of future fertility trends.In the 2001-2002 ZDHS, women and men were asked a series of questions to ascertain theirfertility preferences, including their desire to have another child, the length of time they would like towait before having another child, and what they consider to be the ideal number of children. These datamake it possible to quantify fertility preferences and, in combination with data on contraceptive use,allow estimation of the unmet need for family planning, both for spacing and limiting births.Interpretation of results on fertility preferences is the subject of controversy since it is understoodthat respondents’ reported preferences are, in most cases, hypothetical and thus subject to change andrationalisation.7.1 DESIRE FOR MORE CHILDRENFigure 7.1 shows that 60 percent of all currently married women want to have another child, with21 percent wanting to have a child within 2 years and 37 percent of women preferring to wait for 2 ormore years. This indicates a potential need for family planning services for spacing. One-third of marriedwomen want no more children, while 4 percent are either sterilised or declared infecund.Figure 7.1 Fertility Preferences of Currently MarriedWomen 15-49Want another later(2 or more years) 37%Want another soon(within 2 years) 21%Sterilised 2%Declared infecund 2%Want another,undecided when 2%Undecided 3%Want no more 34%ZDHS 2001-2002Fertility Preferences and Unmet Need │ 105
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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the peripheral structures. An impor
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ing in private households in the co
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subjects agreed) received a referra
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confidentiality.Finally, in additio
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CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
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Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
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2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
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Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
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Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
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2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
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Thirty percent of households own a
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
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enrolment ratios suggest that educa
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3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
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Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
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3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
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Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
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Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
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non-agricultural occupations, since
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Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
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Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
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Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
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3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
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Page 79 and 80: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92: The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94: 4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
Page 95 and 96: FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Seventy percent of currently marrie
Page 101: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
Page 107 and 108: Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
Page 109 and 110: The pattern is slightly different f
Page 111 and 112: 5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
Page 113 and 114: Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
Page 115 and 116: Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
Page 117 and 118: Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
Page 119 and 120: Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
Page 121 and 122: Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 125 and 126: Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 127: Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
Page 131 and 132: The above results show an increase
Page 133 and 134: 7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
Page 135 and 136: Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
Page 137 and 138: The mean ideal number of children f
Page 139 and 140: Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
Page 141 and 142: Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
Page 143 and 144: Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
Page 145 and 146: Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
Page 147 and 148: Only 27 percent of births are in a
Page 149 and 150: MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
Page 151 and 152: Expectant mothers should beginanten
Page 153 and 154: There are particularly sharp differ
Page 155 and 156: Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 157 and 158: Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
Page 159 and 160: Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
Page 161 and 162: Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
Page 163 and 164: Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
Page 165 and 166: No major variations were observed w
Page 167 and 168: Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
Page 169 and 170: Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
Page 171 and 172: Eastern province has the highest pr
Page 173 and 174: Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
Page 175 and 176: Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
Page 177 and 178: 10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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