Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002 - Measure DHS

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5.11 FUTURE USE OF CONTRACEPTIONIntention to use family planning is an important indicator of the potential demand for services.Currently married women who were not using contraceptives at the time of the survey and currentlymarried men were asked about their intention to use family planning in the future. The results are shownin Table 5.12. The table reveals that of the currently married non-users, 70 percent of women and72 percent of men intend to use a method of contraception in the future, while 26 percent of women and25 percent of men have no intention to use any method. Four percent each of women and men are not sureof their contraceptive use intention in the future. One reason that more men than women are reported asintending to use in the future is that some of them may already be using contraception.There has been an increase in the percentage of women non-users who intend to use familyplanning over the last few years; from 66 percent in the 1996 ZDHS to 70 percent in the 2001-2002ZDHS.Table 5.12 Future use of contraceptionPercent distribution of currently married women who are not using a contraceptivemethod and currently married men who are not using a contraceptive method byintention to use in the future, according to number of living children, Zambia 2001-2002––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Number of living children 1–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Intention 0 1 2 3 4+ Total––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––WOMEN––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Intends to use 64.9 69.2 74.7 76.7 66.4 69.9Unsure 6.1 5.0 2.7 2.5 3.0 3.5Does not intend to use 29.0 25.9 22.5 20.1 30.2 26.4Missing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.3Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Number 264 578 564 469 1,214 3,089––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––MEN––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Intends to use 70.6 79.3 79.7 75.2 67.5 71.7Unsure 0.0 2.7 1.5 7.0 4.3 3.7Does not intend to use 29.4 18.1 18.8 17.8 28.2 24.7Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Number 65 82 72 81 340 641––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––1Includes current pregnancyThe proportion of women who intend to use a contraceptive method varies with the number ofliving children. For instance, the proportion of currently married women who intend to use contraceptionis 65 percent of childless women, 75 percent for women with two children and 77 percent of those withthree children. Proportions who do not intend to use contraception generally decrease with increasingnumber of living children. Twenty-nine percent of childless women do not intend to use contraceptioncompared with 20 percent of women with three children. However, this proportion increases to 30 percentof women with at least 4 children.82 │ Fertility Regulation
The pattern is slightly different for men in that the proportion of currently married men whointend to use contraception initially increases with increasing number of children and reaches its peak at 2children (80 percent) after which it starts declining and reaches 68 percent for men with at least 4children.5.12 REASONS FOR NOT INTENDING TO USE CONTRACEPTIONTable 5.13 presents the main reasons for not intending to use contraception given by currentlymarried women and men who do not intend to use a contraceptive method in the future.The main reasons for not intending to use any contraception in the future among currentlymarried women are fertility-related reasons (63 percent), followed by method-related reasons(18 percent). For men, the main reasons are also fertility related (59 percent), followed by opposition touse (20 percent). More specifically, apart from perceived lack of need due to decreased fertility, the mostimportant reason given by women is fear of side effects. Men are more likely to feel there is no need forTable 5.13 Reasons for not intending to use contraceptionPercent distribution of currently married women who are not using a contraceptivemethod and who do not intend to use in the future and of currently married men whodo not intend to use in the future by main reason for not intending to use, accordingto age, Zambia 2001-2002––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Currently married women Currently–––––––– –––––––– –––––––– marriedReason 15-29 30-49 Total men––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Fertility-related reasons 40.0 74.6 63.3 58.6Infrequent sex/no sex 3.4 8.1 6.6 4.8Menopausal/had hysterectomy 1 0.0 22.8 15.3 19.7Subfecund/infecund 2 13.9 30.6 25.1 6.9Wants as many children as possible 22.7 13.1 16.2 27.2Opposition to use 15.9 8.8 11.1 20.4Respondent opposed 8.9 4.2 5.7 10.4Husband/partner opposed 3 4.7 3.1 3.6 0.6Others opposed 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7Religious prohibition 2.3 1.6 1.8 8.8Lack of knowledge 6.5 1.7 3.2 2.3Knows no method 3.4 0.4 1.4 0.6Knows no source 3.0 1.3 1.8 1.7Method-related reasons 28.8 12.3 17.7 10.6Health concerns 3.1 3.0 3.0 4.2Fear of side effects 23.3 6.5 12.0 4.2Lack of access/too far 1.9 0.8 1.2 1.0Inconvenient to use 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.0Interfere with body's normal processes 0.4 1.4 1.1 1.2Other 4.0 1.7 2.5 3.3Don’t know 3.9 0.6 1.7 4.0Missing 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.7Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Number 267 547 814 158–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––1For men this refers to wife(s) menopausal/had hysterectomy2For men this refers to couple infertile (subfecund/infecund)3For men this refers to wife(s) opposedFertility Regulation │ 83
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ZambiaDemographic andHealth Survey2
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This report summarises the findings
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Page3.6 Women’s Employment ......
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Page11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake amo
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PageA.7 Sample Selection ..........
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PageTable 3.11 Decision on use of e
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Table 7.7 Wanted fertility rates ..
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PageTable 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AI
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PREFACEThe Zambia Demographic and H
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of contrac
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According to mothers’ reports, ar
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ZAMBIALake TanganyikaLake MweruTanz
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The 1980s marked the start of the f
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the peripheral structures. An impor
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ing in private households in the co
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subjects agreed) received a referra
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confidentiality.Finally, in additio
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CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND2R
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Figure 2.2 Distribution of De Facto
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2.4 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF HOUSEHOLD
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Figure 2.3 Percent Distribution of
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Figure 2.4 Net and Gross Attendance
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2.5 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ANDHOUS
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Thirty percent of households own a
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS3AND
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enrolment ratios suggest that educa
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3.3 LITERACYThe ability to read is
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.1 Youth Literacy100 Percen
Page 59 and 60: 3.5 MEN’S EMPLOYMENTMale responde
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6 Occupation: menPercent di
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.8 Employment status: womenP
Page 65 and 66: non-agricultural occupations, since
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.12 Women’s control over e
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.14.1 Women’s participatio
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.14.2 Women’s participatio
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.15.1 Women’s attitudes to
Page 75 and 76: 3.7.3 Attitudes toward Refusing Sex
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.16.2 Men’s attitudes towa
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.17.1 Smoking of tobacco: wo
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY4Richard Banda and Margare
Page 83 and 84: As the comparison in Figure 4.1 ind
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.3 Total Fertility Rate by
Page 87 and 88: Table 4.4 Trends in fertility by ba
Page 89 and 90: Results from the 2001-2002 ZDHS ind
Page 91 and 92: The median birth interval is 33 mon
Page 93 and 94: 4.6 TEENAGE FERTILITYAdolescent chi
Page 95 and 96: FERTILITY REGULATION5Mika Bwembya a
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.1.2 Knowledge of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Seventy percent of currently marrie
Page 101: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
Page 107: Table 5.10 Source of contraceptionP
Page 111 and 112: 5.14 EXPOSURE TO FAMILY PLANNING ME
Page 113 and 114: Table 5.16.1 Exposure to specific r
Page 115 and 116: Table 5.17 shows that 18 percent of
Page 117 and 118: Table 5.19 Attitudes of couples tow
Page 119 and 120: Table 6.1 shows that one-fourth of
Page 121 and 122: Table 6.3 Age at first marriagePerc
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 125 and 126: Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 127 and 128: Almost four in ten (38 percent) of
Page 129 and 130: FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND UNMET NEE
Page 131 and 132: The above results show an increase
Page 133 and 134: 7.3 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNINGW
Page 135 and 136: Figure 7.4 Unmet Need for Spacing a
Page 137 and 138: The mean ideal number of children f
Page 139 and 140: Table 7.7 shows the total wanted fe
Page 141 and 142: Fifty-nine percent of all neonatal
Page 143 and 144: Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
Page 145 and 146: Table 8.5 Early childhood mortality
Page 147 and 148: Only 27 percent of births are in a
Page 149 and 150: MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH9Miriam Ch
Page 151 and 152: Expectant mothers should beginanten
Page 153 and 154: There are particularly sharp differ
Page 155 and 156: Table 9.5 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 157 and 158: Table 9.7 shows that only 2 percent
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Table 9.8 Postnatal carePercent dis
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Table 9.9 Visits by health workersP
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Table 9.10.2 Neighbourhood Health C
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No major variations were observed w
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Table 9.13 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 9.14 Prevalence of injections
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Eastern province has the highest pr
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Table 9.18 Diarrhoea treatmentPerce
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Table 9.20 Household knowledge and
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10.1.1 Use of Bednets by Children a
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Table 10.4 Use of antimalarial drug
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Luapula province has the highest pe
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INFANT FEEDING, NUTRITIONAL PRACTIC
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than half (51 percent) of the infan
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tamination after cleaning, the nipp
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11.2 COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING11.2.1 Ty
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Few children under two years of age
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Table 11.6 Iodisation of household
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11.3.2 Micronutrient Intake among C
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11.3.3 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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11.4 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYFood se
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Table 11.12 Nutritional status of c
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Table 11.12 indicates that children
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 12Mary Kazun
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Table 12.2 Experience of beatings o
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Results show that almost eight out
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Table 12.5 Experience of sexual vio
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More than four out of ten never-mar
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AIDS/HIV/STI-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND1
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of ways to avo
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Knowledge of HIV prevention methods
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Table 13.5 Discussion of HIV/AIDS w
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The view that HIV status of a famil
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Table 13.8 Knowledge of “Trendset
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Figure 13.1 Unmet Need for HIV Test
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Table 13.10 Men's attitudes toward
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Men in sales and services and skill
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Table 13.13 Alcohol consumption by
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Table 13.14.2 Knowledge of symptoms
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The peak age for having STI symptom
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used condoms, 34 percent took medic
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The practice of having multiple par
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Table 13.21 Use of condoms by type
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PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS 14Ku
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14.1.2 Coverage for HIV Testing by
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14.1.3 Approach to Weighting Syphil
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14.2 SYPHILIS PREVALENCE RATES 1Tab
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Table 14.8 Syphilis prevalence by a
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The 2001-2002 ZDHS data can be used
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Figure 14.2 illustrates the distinc
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Figure 14.3 HIV Prevalence AmongWom
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ADULT MORTALITY15Ann A. WayData col
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Table 15.2 Adult mortality ratesDir
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While again not definitive, the res
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124 | ReferencesGaisie, K., A. Cros
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SAMPLE DESIGNAppendix AA.1 INTRODUC
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Table A.2. Expected number of selec
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Similarly, a total of 2,658 potenti
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Table A.5 Sample implementation: me
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for selec
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for sele
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for sele
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DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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Provincial CoordinatorsMr Martin Nj
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Data Processing StaffMr Mathews Muv
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286 | Appendix E
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we would like
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LINENO.USUAL RESIDENTSAND VISITORSR
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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INFORMED CONSENT FOR SYPHILIS AND H
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September 28, 20012001 ZAMBIA DEMOG
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIONNO. QUESTION
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212 213 214 215 216 217IF ALIVE:218
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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NO. QUESTION AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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407AWhere did the first antenatal v
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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NAMELAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST-BIRTHNAM
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH AN
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTHNAMENAM
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH474B CH
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LAST BIRTHNEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH480 Wha
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NO QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CAT
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SECTION 5. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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SECTION 9. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. QU
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904 What wasname given toyour oldes
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NAME OF EDITOR:____________________
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SUPERVISOR FIELD EDITOR OFFICE EDIT
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14 Have you heard of any other ways
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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