From poverty to power - Oxfam-Québec
From poverty to power - Oxfam-Québec From poverty to power - Oxfam-Québec
INDEX414–17, 421; as change agent 434; cost ofclimate change strategies 409–11, 413; indeveloping countries 65, 258–9, 406,407–8, 409–11, 420, 421–2; disease and259, 260; economic growth and 109, 195,407, 412–13, 419, 422; effective states and264, 265–6, 267; emission standards 413,414; food shortages 260, 411; and globalgovernance 15, 417–18, 422–3, 425;government strategies 264–5, 267, 406,413–14, 415, 421–2; and greenhouse gasemissions 258, 262, 406, 407, 410, 411,412–13, 419; health and 258, 259, 260;and indigenous people 265; inequalityand 15, 258–9, 407–8, 409, 411, 412–13,423, 429; international agreements 293,407, 408, 410, 411, 417–18; migration260; mitigation 262, 266–7, 408, 411,413–17; natural disasters link to 248, 257,258, 259–60, 261–7, 406; pastoralists268–9; and poverty reduction 266, 408,410, 413, 417, 419; private sector and267, 418–19; risk and 200, 258–60,261–7, 261b, 406; risk reductionstrategies 261–7; sea level rises 258, 408,421–2; subsidies and 413; taxation and413–14; technological solutions 56, 266,419–20, 421, 423; and transnational corporations344; vulnerability and 200,202f, 261, 264–5, 406; war and conflictrelationship 281; women 259, 265; seealso global warmingClimate Change Adaptation Fund 316, 410Collier, Paul 88, 359–62b, 444Colombia:agricultural issues 123, 135–6b; CCJAR397; employment issues 151, 155; humanrights issues 283–4, 397; and intellectualproperty laws 331; international tradeissues 320; violence 273–4, 280; war andconflict 282, 283Convention on the Elimination ofDiscrimination Against Women(CEDAW) 275, 293Convention on the Rights of the Child 205,274, 293corruption:in developing countries 5, 48, 60, 65, 79,86–9, 91, 93, 95, 218–19, 286–7, 310,369–70; in transnational corporations345–7Costa Rica 3, 121, 165Cuba 74, 75t, 114, 251, 252–3b; CubanWomen’s Federation 251Darfur 200, 225–6b, 277, 279, 282democracy:and civil society 59, 62, 64; and development80–3; economic growth and 82–3,87, 192, 193; education and 44, 81;human rights and 25, 80–1; in hungerand famine relief 227–8; inequality and81–2, 428; markets and 82–3; povertyand 80, 82–3; power and 81, 103Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC):democratisation 81; diamond industry88, 400; HIV and AIDS 232; hunger andfamine 225; international humanitarianrelief 386; taxation 98; transnationalcorporations 345; war and conflict 90,278, 279, 282, 283, 393, 397, 398, 400developed countries:climate change response 406, 408, 409,410–11; and debt relief 306, 381–2;financial crises 313–14; HIV and AIDS232, 233, 241; and intellectual propertylaws 326, 330; as international aid donors358, 366, 380; international trade and321–2, 323, 325; and migration 339–40,401; natural disasters 246, 252b; socialprotection measures 193, 207–8, 214;‘stop doing harm’ and 15, 293, 380, 408,429developing countries:access to information 53; agriculture121–2, 123–5, 132–3, 142, 144; civilsociety 64, 65; climate change 65, 258–9,406, 407–8, 409–11, 420, 421–2; andcomparative advantage 187–8b, 189;debt crises 305–6; disease incidence 9, 10,237, 326–7, 330 see also HIV and AIDSbelow; economic growth and 8, 43,181–4, 187–8b, 189; elites 51, 105;employment 108, 148–9, 152–3, 156–7,166–7, 176, 345; financial crises 311–13,314; fishing industry 126–7b;foreigndirect investment (FDI) 172, 173t, 174,175–6, 311, 319, 341b, 343, 351; free tradeagreements 165–6b, 186, 322–3; HIV andAIDS 10, 232, 240; inequality 2–3, 5, 6, 8,10, 15; intellectual property laws affect57, 323, 327, 330, 331, 344; internationalaid 358, 363–4, 366, 378–9; internationalfinancial institutions 296, 297–8, 301,509
FROM POVERTY TO POWER303, 304, 305, 309–10, 316–17; internationaltrade 319, 321–5, 322–3, 324–5;migration 334–5, 425; natural disasters246, 252–3b; and patents 175, 236, 320,327, 328–9, 330, 331, 343; private sectorinvolvement 123–5, 164, 177–8, 313;public services 41, 43, 44–6, 51, 93;remittances benefit 334–5, 336b; andtechnology 14, 53, 56, 57, 170, 175, 176,326–7, 331, 335, 419; and trade liberalisation186, 297; and transnationalcorporations 172, 173t, 174, 175–6, 342,345–6, 347, 351; war and conflict 278,393development:active citizenship and 12, 13, 60, 429; andcorruption 87, 89, 93; and democracy80–3; economic growth and 13, 14, 25,87, 104, 179, 182, 189; economic policyand 109, 110, 112, 115–18, 195, 429;effective states and 12, 13, 21, 90, 429;employment and 153, 157, 167; globalgovernance and 15, 196, 293, 352, 425;human rights 25–6, 27, 104; internationaltrade 318, 320, 321, 325; and propertyrights 71–3; public services’ role 40–2;religion and 36–9; rights-based approach25, 27–8, 29, 217, 372; role of state 13, 19,90–3; and technology 27, 35, 55, 326–7,419, 443; war and conflict 21, 286;well-being 104, 115, 117–18; see alsosustainable developmentdiamond industry 88, 101, 176, 192, 193,282, 400 see also ‘blood diamonds’ underwar and conflictdisabled people 10, 21, 40, 42, 200, 203, 210,278discrimination:and HIV and AIDS 53, 232, 235, 236;immigrants 337–8, 339, 398; indigenouspeople 10, 20; racial 27, 36; againstwomen see gender inequalitydisease:AIDS see HIV and AIDS; avian flu 232,237; climate change and 259, 260; indeveloping countries 9, 10, 237, 326–7,330; HIV see HIV and AIDS; malaria 9,232, 238, 240, 259, 260, 316, 353, 355t;poverty and 2–3, 9, 232; property rightsand 74, 78; as a risk issue 199, 200, 205,206f, 231–2, 238 see also HIV and AIDS;SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)232, 237–8b; and technology 55–6;tuberculosis (TB) 232, 237, 238, 240, 316,353; water and sanitation 9, 45, 47–8East Asia 11, 74, 93, 94b, 95, 98, 193, 303Easterly, William 359–62b, 374–5Eastern Europe 60, 79–80, 96Economic Community of West AfricanStates (ECOWAS) 400economic growth:active citizenship and 160, 191, 196;agriculture and 121–3, 183; climatechange and 109, 195, 407, 412–13, 419,422; and comparative advantage theory187–8b; democracy and 82–3, 87, 192,193; in developing countries 8, 43, 181–4,187–8b, 189; development and 13, 14, 25,87, 104, 179, 182, 189; and effective states12, 19, 92–3, 179, 182–4, 191, 193, 196;environment 113–15, 117, 190, 195; andgender inequality 190; and inequality 5,6, 11, 40, 179–80, 189, 190, 195, 429; andinternational financial institutions 181,190, 302; international trade 185–6, 196;natural resources 88–9, 93, 109, 113, 114;for poverty reduction 110, 180, 204, 429;poverty and 5, 6, 10, 179–81, 189–90,191, 195–6; and the private sector 14,163, 169–70, 196; sustainability 109,189–91; and trade liberalisation 181–2,186–7, 194; well-being and 181, 190, 195economics:development and 109, 110, 112, 115–18,195, 429; and the environment 110,113–15; ‘full cost accounting’ (FCA)113–14, 118; gender inequality and 65,110, 111–12; Keynesian 109, 115;neo-classical 109–10, 115, 117–18, 180,195; unpaid work and 110, 111–12;well-being and 82, 112, 115, 117–18, 195,220Ecuador 123, 125, 309, 335education:civil society activism 43, 46; democracyrelationship 44, 81; education for allcampaigns 12, 366; elites’ role 51; highereducation 43, 57; as a human right 25,42; inequality and 2, 3–4, 42–3; internationalaid and 41, 366, 369; migrants’remittances and 335, 336b; and poverty9, 10, 11, 40–1, 42–4; well-being and 42,112; of women and girls 2, 42–3510
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INDEX414–17, 421; as change agent 434; cost ofclimate change strategies 409–11, 413; indeveloping countries 65, 258–9, 406,407–8, 409–11, 420, 421–2; disease and259, 260; economic growth and 109, 195,407, 412–13, 419, 422; effective states and264, 265–6, 267; emission standards 413,414; food shortages 260, 411; and globalgovernance 15, 417–18, 422–3, 425;government strategies 264–5, 267, 406,413–14, 415, 421–2; and greenhouse gasemissions 258, 262, 406, 407, 410, 411,412–13, 419; health and 258, 259, 260;and indigenous people 265; inequalityand 15, 258–9, 407–8, 409, 411, 412–13,423, 429; international agreements 293,407, 408, 410, 411, 417–18; migration260; mitigation 262, 266–7, 408, 411,413–17; natural disasters link <strong>to</strong> 248, 257,258, 259–60, 261–7, 406; pas<strong>to</strong>ralists268–9; and <strong>poverty</strong> reduction 266, 408,410, 413, 417, 419; private sec<strong>to</strong>r and267, 418–19; risk and 200, 258–60,261–7, 261b, 406; risk reductionstrategies 261–7; sea level rises 258, 408,421–2; subsidies and 413; taxation and413–14; technological solutions 56, 266,419–20, 421, 423; and transnational corporations344; vulnerability and 200,202f, 261, 264–5, 406; war and conflictrelationship 281; women 259, 265; seealso global warmingClimate Change Adaptation Fund 316, 410Collier, Paul 88, 359–62b, 444Colombia:agricultural issues 123, 135–6b; CCJAR397; employment issues 151, 155; humanrights issues 283–4, 397; and intellectualproperty laws 331; international tradeissues 320; violence 273–4, 280; war andconflict 282, 283Convention on the Elimination ofDiscrimination Against Women(CEDAW) 275, 293Convention on the Rights of the Child 205,274, 293corruption:in developing countries 5, 48, 60, 65, 79,86–9, 91, 93, 95, 218–19, 286–7, 310,369–70; in transnational corporations345–7Costa Rica 3, 121, 165Cuba 74, 75t, 114, 251, 252–3b; CubanWomen’s Federation 251Darfur 200, 225–6b, 277, 279, 282democracy:and civil society 59, 62, 64; and development80–3; economic growth and 82–3,87, 192, 193; education and 44, 81;human rights and 25, 80–1; in hungerand famine relief 227–8; inequality and81–2, 428; markets and 82–3; <strong>poverty</strong>and 80, 82–3; <strong>power</strong> and 81, 103Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC):democratisation 81; diamond industry88, 400; HIV and AIDS 232; hunger andfamine 225; international humanitarianrelief 386; taxation 98; transnationalcorporations 345; war and conflict 90,278, 279, 282, 283, 393, 397, 398, 400developed countries:climate change response 406, 408, 409,410–11; and debt relief 306, 381–2;financial crises 313–14; HIV and AIDS232, 233, 241; and intellectual propertylaws 326, 330; as international aid donors358, 366, 380; international trade and321–2, 323, 325; and migration 339–40,401; natural disasters 246, 252b; socialprotection measures 193, 207–8, 214;‘s<strong>to</strong>p doing harm’ and 15, 293, 380, 408,429developing countries:access <strong>to</strong> information 53; agriculture121–2, 123–5, 132–3, 142, 144; civilsociety 64, 65; climate change 65, 258–9,406, 407–8, 409–11, 420, 421–2; andcomparative advantage 187–8b, 189;debt crises 305–6; disease incidence 9, 10,237, 326–7, 330 see also HIV and AIDSbelow; economic growth and 8, 43,181–4, 187–8b, 189; elites 51, 105;employment 108, 148–9, 152–3, 156–7,166–7, 176, 345; financial crises 311–13,314; fishing industry 126–7b;foreigndirect investment (FDI) 172, 173t, 174,175–6, 311, 319, 341b, 343, 351; free tradeagreements 165–6b, 186, 322–3; HIV andAIDS 10, 232, 240; inequality 2–3, 5, 6, 8,10, 15; intellectual property laws affect57, 323, 327, 330, 331, 344; internationalaid 358, 363–4, 366, 378–9; internationalfinancial institutions 296, 297–8, 301,509
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