From poverty to power - Oxfam-Québec

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6 CONCLUSION A NEW DEAL FOR A NEW CENTURYIt is not too late to remedy this, but the environmental constraintsimposed by climate change and finite natural resources bring anadded urgency to the effort. The old ways (low-intensity democracy,trickle-down economics, dirty growth, inept global governance) havebeen found wanting.At the heart of the effort must be a recognition ofthe central role for active citizens and effective states. They alone candeliver the kinds of social and political structures needed to makedevelopment serve the poorest individuals and communities.New approaches and analytical tools are also needed. In the effortto reform growth in an increasingly carbon-constrained world, thediscipline of economics must change its frame of reference, allowingpolicy makers to see the full social, political, and environmentalimpact of their decisions, if the economies of the world are to movefrom dirty, inefficient (in terms of poverty reduction) growth to clean,smart growth that redistributes wealth to poor people. The idea ofsecurity must be reclaimed as ‘human security’ – a combination ofempowerment and protection that targets the manifold vulnerabilitiesthat particularly afflict poor communities and individuals. ‘Security’must no longer mean armed, gated communities and endless war.The drive to end poverty and tackle inequality and suffering willtake place in an ever more globalised, multipolar world. Contrary to theviews of globo-optimists, nation states will not wither away, but theiractions will be increasingly constrained (for good or ill) by global rulesand realities. Rich-country governments and their citizens need tohelp build a system of global governance that ensures that the powerfulcountries and corporations ‘stop doing harm’, while supporting nationaldevelopment efforts based on the combination of effective states andactive citizens – women and men living in poverty, exclusion, and insecurity,but struggling for a better future. They are in the driving seat ofdevelopment, but rich countries and their citizens can help by clearingthe road of obstacles and supporting the struggle for development.It is hard to imagine a more worthwhile cause. The fight against thescourges of poverty, inequality, and the threat of environmentalcollapse will define the twenty-first century,as the fight against slavery orfor universal suffrage defined earlier eras. Fail, and future generationswill not forgive us. Succeed, and they will wonder how the world couldhave tolerated such needless injustice and suffering for so long.429
FROM POVERTY TO POWER430
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HOW ACTIVE CITIZENS AND EFFECTIVE S
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First published by Oxfam Internatio
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 3.1: Assessin
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LIST OF ACRONYMSFAOFDIFTAG7G8GATSGA
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe word ‘editor
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FOREWORDGeorge Bernard Shaw argued
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FOREWORDThis book, which I hope wil
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PART ONE
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDEnd
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDExt
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDPOV
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDSuc
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDACT
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDpeo
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1 INTRODUCTION THE UNEQUAL WORLDcom
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PART TWOThe political roots of deve
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2 POWER AND POLITICS THE POLITICAL
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2 POWER AND POLITICS THE POLITICAL
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I HAVE RIGHTS, THEREFORE I AMThe hi
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I HAVE RIGHTS,
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I BELIEVE, THE
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I READ, THEREF
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I SURF, THEREF
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2 POWER AND POLITICS WE ORGANISE, T
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I OWN, THEREFO
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I VOTE, THEREFORE I AMWhether in Fl
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I VOTE, THEREF
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I STEAL, THERE
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I STEAL, THERE
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2 POWER AND POLITICS I RULE, THEREF
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2 POWER AND POLITICS FROM POVERTY T
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PART THREEAn economics for the twen
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3 POVERTY AND WEALTH A TWENTY-FIRST
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LIVING OFF THE LANDThe smoky, cold
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3 POVERTY AND WEALTH LIVING OFF THE
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3 POVERTY AND WEALTH THE CHANGING W
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3 POVERTY AND WEALTH PRIVATE SECTOR
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GOING FOR GROWTHFifty years ago, Ko
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3 POVERTY AND WEALTH GOING FOR GROW
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SUSTAINABLE MARKETSIn using markets
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PART FOURLiving with risk 198Social
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY LIVING WIT
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SOCIAL PROTECTIONIt may seem surpri
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY SOCIAL PRO
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY FINANCEwil
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY FINANCEinc
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY HUNGER AND
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HIV, AIDS, AND OTHER HEALTH RISKSPr
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY HEALTH RIS
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THE RISK OF NATURAL DISASTERJanuary
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY NATURAL DI
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CLIMATE CHANGEWe have a word for it
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY CLIMATE CH
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY AFRICA’S
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY AFRICA’S
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VIOLENCE AND CONFLICTHumanity will
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY VIOLENCE A
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY SHOCKS AND
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4 RISK AND VULNERABILITY SHOCKS AND
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PART FIVEWho rules the world? 292Th
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM WHO RULE
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THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEMT
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEm
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEI
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEw
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEp
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEp
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEA
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEI
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEB
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEc
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCE
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FINANCEn
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGB
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGD
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGA
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGT
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGH
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGA
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGM
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADING2
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGF
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGp
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGG
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGI
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGd
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM TRADINGC
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THE INTERNATIONAL AID SYSTEMA few y
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDTABLE
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDIt is
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDthe s
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDThe a
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDTHE Q
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDplann
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDreduc
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDcan s
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDgover
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDThe g
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDIn fo
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5 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AIDIn th
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Page 448 and 449: ANNEX
Page 450 and 451: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSmeetings, s
Page 452 and 453: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSTHE COMPONE
Page 454 and 455: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSinstitution
Page 456 and 457: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSOrganisatio
Page 458 and 459: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSthe planned
Page 460 and 461: ANNEX HOW CHANGE HAPPENSTechnologic
Page 462 and 463: NOTESPART 1: INTRODUCTION1 The infa
Page 464 and 465: NOTESPART 2: POWER AND POLITICS1 J.
Page 466 and 467: NOTES82 J. Beall and S. Fox (2006)
Page 468 and 469: NOTES5 There has, however, been inc
Page 470 and 471: NOTES73 See also DFID (2005) ‘Gro
Page 472 and 473: NOTES139 Author interview, December
Page 474 and 475: NOTES10 Sources for Figure 4.2: Chi
Page 476 and 477: NOTES63 WHO (2006) ‘Cumulative Nu
Page 478 and 479: NOTES124 K. Annan (2005) ‘In Larg
Page 480 and 481: NOTESFramework Paper drawn up betwe
Page 482 and 483: NOTES66 H.-J. Chang (2001) ‘Insti
Page 484 and 485: NOTES138 Information gathered from
Page 486 and 487: NOTES192 United Nations (2005) ‘W
Page 488 and 489: NOTES234 In the UK, for example, th
Page 490 and 491: BIBLIOGRAPHYArcand, J.L. (2004) in
Page 492 and 493: BIBLIOGRAPHYCastillo, G. and M. Bro
Page 494 and 495: BIBLIOGRAPHYCozijnsen, J., D. Dudek
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BIBLIOGRAPHYFerreira, F.H.G., P.G.
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BIBLIOGRAPHYGreen, D. (2003) Silent
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BIBLIOGRAPHYInternational Food Poli
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BIBLIOGRAPHYLiu, J. and J. Diamond
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BIBLIOGRAPHYODI (undated) ‘Inequa
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BIBLIOGRAPHYOxfam International (20
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BIBLIOGRAPHYSachs, J. (2005) The En
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BIBLIOGRAPHYUN (2007) ‘The Millen
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BIBLIOGRAPHYWHO (2006) World Health
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BACKGROUND PAPERS AND CASE STUDIEST
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BACKGROUND PAPERS AND CASE STUDIESR
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GLOSSARYCarbon tradingComparativead
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GLOSSARYGeneric medicines Copies of
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GLOSSARYStructuraladjustmentprogram
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INDEXAfrican Union (AU) 241, 294, 3
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INDEX414-17, 421; as change agent 4
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INDEXeffective states:active citize
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INDEX312, 313; fisheries policies 1
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INDEXcountries 358, 363-4, 366, 378
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INDEXissues 333, 338; levels of 334
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INDEXeffective states 73; evictions
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INDEX‘licence to operate’ 341-2
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‘In telling us what can be achiev
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