History of the 10th Royals and of the Royal Grenadiers from the ...

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{ .» ''' is. .)•r- K.9> •»,..• :•l-..»-*^ -iLIEUT.. COL. 1. \V. I'l'MBKRLANI).(Founder of the Keginieiif.

fflSTORYOF THE^"'**'lbtliROYA.LSAND OF THERoyalGrenadiersFrom tJie formation of the Regiment until i8g6.BYTHOMAS EDWARD CHAMPION.(fiiitai't'^Thehunter, ROSE COMPANY, Ltd.MDCCCXCVI.

i^muEntered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year one .thousand eight hundred and ninety-six, by Thos E. Champion, inthe office of the Minister of Agriculture.PRINTED AND BOl'Nl) BYTub Hunter, Kose Company, Ltd./TORONTO.

*' llcrtbtf, tt«c ilcrtt»«/'TOLIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAMES MASON,AND THKOFFICERS, NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND MENOF THEFROM ITSOF CANADA,^HIS HISTORYOF THEIR REGIMENT,FIEST FORMATION TO THE PRESENT YEAR,ISRESPECTFULLY DEDICATEDBYTHE AUTHOR,THOS. E. CHAMPION.Toronto, September, 1896.

PREFACE.supply a long felt want."Such is a verycommon reason given for publishing a newbook, orundertaking some new enterprise.In writing this history I have acted from nosuch motive, on the contrary, I undertook thework thinking that ifa readable history of theRoyal Grenadiers was written, that it would create adesire for the book, not only from Toronto, but frommany places outside the city, where men who formerlyserved in the 10th Royals or in the Royal Grenadiershave settled, and who w^ould be glad to possess somememento of the corps in which they had passed manypleasant and useful hours. To all those who haveassisted in the work by lending me MSS., books, newspapers,or by personally giving me information, I tendermy hearty thanks, and I hope that every one who readsthe book may take as great an interest in its perusal asI have done in writing it.With these few words I leavethe volume to the judgment of the public.Thos. E. C.Toronto, September, 1896.

CHAPTER I.THE FIRST MILITIA ACT—THE ACT OF 1822—THE TRAININGDAYS—INTERESTING DETAILS.^fHE history of the Militia of Upper Canada,-^' or what is now known as the Province of4),) Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, commencesahnost with the foundation of theProvince. Simcoe's first Parliament met at Nia-gara, September 17th, 1792, and sat until October15th following.Eight acts were passed and receivedthe Royal assent, but the question of national defencewas not among them, that was deferred uiitil the secondsession.The Legislative Assembly met for the second session.May 81st, 1793, and the House in their address in replyto the speech from the throne, thus addressed the Lieutenant-Governor,who had in that speech urged upon theLegislature the necessity of providing for the defence ofthe country.•'We assure Your Excellency that our utmof*: diligenceshall be used to frame and complete sucli a Militia Billas will not only show our own promptness to fulfil YourExcellency's wishes, but our own energy in defendingthat noble constitution which Great Britain has given us,and which, by enabling us to repel all insults, will secureto us the invaluable blessings that we derive from it."

—8 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.During the session of 1793 an act was accordinglypassed which enabled the Government in case ofneed tocall upon all male adults between the ages of 16 and 60to bear arms in defence of their country whenever calledupon to do so. Commissions from the rank of Colonelto Ensign were granted to prominent settlers in each ofthe nineteen counties into which the Provincewas thendivided, and on paper the whole thing was as perfect ascould be. Each county had its own regiment, with itsproper complement of officers; the strength of these "regiments" may be estimated when it is remembered that atthat particular period the total population of UpperCanada did not exceed twelve thousand white people, men,women, and children, with about an equal number ofIndians.This Act was repealed in tola by the 4th Parliamentof Upper Canada, in its 4th session, and a new onepassed, which received the Royal assent March IGth,1808. This act, though being very far from perfect, wasframed with care, and was found during the troubles of181 •M4 to work effectively.The provisions of the Act referred ton the latter partof the preceding paragraph were numerous, almost ev^erypossible contingency being provided for, always exceptingthat of giving the men any payment for their services,on that point nothing whatever was said, or apparentlythought of, by the framers.The preamble set forth as follows :" Whereas a well-regulated militia is of the utmost importanceto the tlefence of this province."The following were its leading provisions :The Lieutenant-Governor,or whoever was acting as administrator

THE FfRST MILITIA ACT 9had the power to appoint officers, in all ranks, to that ofColonel, who were to rank with officers of H. M. regularforces, only as juniors in their rank. For instance, acaptain in the Imperial service w^ould take precedence ofan officer of similar rank in the Canadian Militia, thoughthe commission ofthat held hy the former officer.the latter might bear date anterior top]ach militia regiment was to be formed in certainspecified districts, and each company of the battalionwas to be drawn from certain limits contained withinthose districts.Every male from 16 to 60 years ofage, was liable tobe called upon to serve, but those between 50 and 60years old, were only to be called out in time of war, oron training-day.The " training-day " was one of the events of the year,fifty years since, it was on June 4th, George Ill's, birthday.Anyone who absented himself from muster on thatday, without good and sufficient excuse, was liable to atine of ten shillings currency, or two dollars. It laywith the captains of companies to say what was a goodexcuse and what was a frivolous one. A good many**summonses " always followed in the wake of trainingday.Within fourteen days after the muster of June 4th, ineach year, complete rolls had to be sent to the Lieutenant-Governorof all companies and of all regiments,and if this duty was neglected the captains of eachcompany and the commanding officers of each regimentwere liable to penalties, ^5, for the former and £10 forthe latter.

10 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.The militia were liable to serve anywhere in the Provinceof Upper Canada, or in Lower Canada, if required,for the assistance of that province. They could not,though, be called upon for continuous service of morethan six months.By the 14th clause of this Act it was enacted thateach militiaman after enrolment "shall within sixmonths after such enrolment provide himself with agood and sufficient musket, fusil, rifle or gun." If hefailed in this duty he was liable to a penalty of five shillings," unless excused by his commanding officer."The 31st clause ofthe same Act authorized the formationof troops of cavalry, and what is now known asthe Governor-General's Body Guard, was subsequentlyenrolled under its provisions.This Act received the assent of the Lieutenant-Governoron March IGth, 1808, v/as ratified in due course bythe Imperial authorities, and became the law of theland.During the war of 1812 General Brock and SirGordon Druminond, President and Lieutenant-Governorrespectively, availed themselves largely ofthe powers itgave them, and right gallantly at Detroit, QueenstonHeights, Stony Creek, Chrysler's Farm, and Lundy'sLane, did the Canadian Militia do their duty.In the second session of the 8th Parliament of UpperCanada certain amendments were passed in the Act of1808, or rather incorporated with it, but the amendedAct was only to be in operation for four years, unlessre-enacted at the expiration of that period, and as the latterwas not done, the former one came again into operation

INTERESTING DETAILS. 11One interesting circumstance though may be mentionedin connection with this Act of 1822 ; it is among " thethings not generally known " in connection with Canadianhistory, and that is, that " Training day " waschanged by it from June 4th to April 23rd. The latterdate was chosen as being St. George's Day, the patronsaint of England.In the session of 1823 a short Act was passed, permittingthe formation of batteries of artillery, but none appearever to have existed, except upon paper, for manyyears after it was passed.From the close of the war in 1814 until 1837 little washeard of the Militia or of iis existence, excepting upon" Training Day," and that was looked upon by many asa big picnic more than as a public duty. The militaryspirit was only quiescent though, it was not dead.Whatcaused it to blaze forth again will be glanced at in thenext chapter.

THE CANADIAN MILITIA INCHAPTER II.1837— THE ROYAL CANADIAN KIFLES—"A DULL time"—THE CRIMEAN WAR—THE MILITIA ACTOF 1855.N December, 1837, the embers of disaffection,which had been smouldering in many partsof the country, burst into flame, and theinhabitants of the hitherto loyal Provinceof Upper Canada learned for a certaintythat a portion of the population, led by WilliamLyon Mackenzie and others, had taken up armsagainst the constituted authorities, and were encampedon Yonge street, at Montgomery's tavern, some few milesnorth ofthe city, preparatory to making an attack uponit and its inhabitants.The whole of the regular troops had been sent by theLieutenant-Governor, Sir Francis Bond Head, to theLower Province, as it was his opinion that there was nodanger of the malcontents in Upper Canada, i

THE CANADIAN MILITIA IN 1837. 13The insurgents were attacked by some 600 hastilyenrolledvolunteers about mid-day on December 7th,1837, and were utterly routed. The loss of life on bothsides was happily very small and the list of woundedinsignificant. This skirmish was led by Sir FrancisBond Head himself, with Colonel James Fitz-Gibbon ashis Adjutant-General.Among others who servedas commissioned officers atthis period may be mentioned, Lieutenant-Colonels Fitz-Gibbon, E. W. Thomson, A. McLean, and G. T. Denison,of Bellevue, all veterans of the war of 1812; Sir AlanMacNab, Sheriff Jarvis, Colonel Chisholm, of Oakville,and a very great many more.Two regiments of militia were subsequently enrolledand kept on duty for several months ;they were knownas the " Queen's Rangers " and the " Queen's Light Infantry; " they did duty in Toronto and Sarnia, also inother parts of the province, and considering that theywere wholly undisciplined troops, officered for the mostpart by men as inexperienced astheir duty remarkably well.themselves, performedAll through the year 1838 the militia were often underarms in different parts of the two provinces and at thebattle of the Windmill near Prescott, in the autumn of1838, did gallant service side by side with the Britishregulars. The militia troops of cavalry in Toronto alsodid excellent service on patrol and frontier duty, andwith their comrades in the infantry received the heartythanks of Parliament when the troubles came to an endin 1838.The Rebellion of 1837-38 paltry as it now appears,

14 HISTORY CF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.showed the Colonises of Upper Canada in a good light,they were loyal to the crown and they had no sympathywith those who would resort to aims in order to obtainredress for grievances, some of which were real enough,while others were trivial or wholly imaginary. In additionthey were willing at the call of duty to hazardtheir lives in defence of their country and in maintenanceof her laws.The rebellion died out and in 1839 everything wasas quiet as possible.There was a regiment of the Britishregulars stationed in Toronto with their headquartersat Osgoode Hall and some few at the Old Fort, but theirduties were of the very lightest character.In 1840 was formed the Royal Canadian Rifles,and asin the very early days of the history of the 10th Royalssome of the non-commissioned officers of the first namedcorps acted as company drill instructors, a few wordsrespecting the formation of that regiment, now all butforgotten, will not be out of place.The Royal Canadian Rifles were a corps of veteransdrawn from almost every regiment in the British serviceforming a part of the regular forces of the line, butwho could not be called upon for service in any part ofthe British Dominions excepting those in North America.It is very questionable if they could have been sent tothe West Indies had their services ever been requiredthere ;happily they never were wanted, so the questionwas never raised.They were a magnificent body of men, the very pickof the English army, and possessed medals for war servicesin every quarter of the globe. When not required

THE ROYAL CANADIAN RIFLES. 15for military duty the men were permitted to work atthat kind, andtheir trades, or to hire themselves out as waiters, messengers,ticket collectors, or in light work ofmost efficient servants they made. They were stationedin detachments all through Upper and Lower Canadaand also in Newfoundland, but from the date of theirenrolment until their disbandment in 1871, they neversaw a shot fired in anger. They were called out in aidof the Civil power in Montreal and Quebec more thanonce, but that was the extent of their service. Theysimply did garrison duty, nevertheless the regiment wasa most popular one, soldiers who had served in the armyfor the requisite number of years, which was not less thanseven, always being anxious to join it. When it wasfirst enrolled there were several Peninsular and Waterlooveterans among its officers, notably, Colonel Muter,who was for many years a prominent figure in Torontosociety.In the " forties " and early " fifties " the CanadianMilitia was less and less prominently before the public,and the military spirit again seemed to be reaching avanishing point.Every now ond then there would be apartial revival of feeling, some more than usually publicspirited man venturing to tell the truth, which was that,with the exception of a few scattered troops of cavalry,with here and there a ritle company—both partaking farmore of the character of private societies than militaryorganizations— there was no militia force whateverexcept upon paper.In 1854 the Crimean war broke out between Englandand Russia, the former power being aided by France,

16 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Turkey, and subsequently by Sardinia, and in consequencethe Imperial troops were withdrawn for thetime being from the Upper Province entirely, and alsofrom Lower Canada, excepting in Quebec. During thewinter of 1854-5, the only troops in Upper Canada werea very small detachment of the Royal Artillery in Kingston,and the Royal Canadian Rifles.Bat yome time before this it had been pretty plainly intimatedto the inhabitants of both Upper and Lower Canadathat they would have to provide for their own defence,that the Home Government had no doubt whateverabout their loyalty and devotion to the Englishmonarch, but that actions spoke louder than words,and that Canadians must do more than had hitherto beendone. " If you are attacked or in danger of being attacked,"said the Colonial Office in effect, " the MotherCountry will help you to her last man, but you must dosomething for yourselves, and do it speedily, for the questionof the total withdrawal of British troops from theNorth American Colonies, with the possible exception ofHalifax, is only a question of time."Fortunately this remonstrance or intimation did notfall on deaf ears, it was listened to with respect, andsoon its effects were apparent.Sir Edmund Walker Head, Bart., was Governor-Generalof Canada at the time, and his first parliament passedon May 19th, 1855, the famous Militia Act (many timesamended and amplified since then), under the provisionsof which the 10th Royals, now the Royal Grenadiers,came into existence.It will be necessary to say a little about this Act.

THE MILITIA ACT OF 1855. 17It was of very great length and drafted with the greatestcare, among those who were consulted whilst it wasbeing framed by the ministry of the day, acting onsuggestions made by Colonel Baron de Rottenburg, C.B.,Adjutant General of Militia, a famous soldier of greatexperience, were Lieutenant-Colonels Henry Ruttan ofCobourg, E. W. Thomson of Toronto, O'Hara of the sameplace, George Taylor Denison of Rusholme, also nearToronto, Colonel John Princeof Windsor, Chief JusticeSir John Beverley Rcbinson, Mr. Justice McLean andsome others.Two classes of militia were created under the Act,namely Active and Sedentary. In the former the numberof men per company was strictly limited, as were thenumber of companies permitted to be formed, but everyarm of the service was provided for. The number ofofficers and non-commissioned officers to each troopbattery or company was duly defined and there was noambiguity in the wording of the act as to how theyshould be paid disciplined and equipped.In evidence of this a portion of the xxxii. clause of theAct may be quoted, it read thus ": The Volunteer MilitiaCompanies shall be drilled and exercised * * * *once in each year during ten continuous days, (Sundaysnot reckoned in either case) and the companies underdrill being encamped during the whole or any part ofthe period if the Commander in Chief shall see fit."Clause xliv. related to the appointment of Non-commissionedofficers, which was to rest with the officerscommanding each company of active militia, and not inthe hands of the Colonel commanding the battalion orB

18 HI8T DRY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.the military district.Of these districts there were eighteen,nine each for Upper and Lower Canada.The Ixiv.clause enacted that when the militia were called out foractiveservice the several companies might be embodiedinto battalions or regiments. We see the working ofboth these clausec in our country battalions as they nowexist.Immediately after the Act came into operation itwasacted upon. Rifle companies were formed all over thecountry, there being four of them in Toronto, commandedby Captains G. Brooke, D. K. Feehan, and J. Nickinson,and the Highland company under the command of A. M,Smith. Each company for some years had a separateorganization and drill shed, and each officer in commandwas a law unto him^ H'. But about 1860 the " Queen'sOwn " was formed of several of these independent commands,and in 1861-62 the 10th Royals was organizedunder Mr. F. W. Cumberland.Having sketched the history of the militia up tillnow, the events which led to the formation ofthe 10th,with the regimental history, will be recounted in ournext chapters. Our readers must excuse these few preliminarypages ; the object in writing them is that thegeneral public and the militiamen of to-day may, bycomparing the past with the present, see how much hasbeen achieved.

CHAPTER III.THE 100th regiment— the TRENT AFFAIR OF 1861—THE MIM-TARY ENTHUSIASM OP THE PERIOD—THE lOl^H GAZETTED.E will go back for a very brief pei'iod from1861, the point reached at the conclusionof the last chapter, to the early months of1858.At that time the Indian mutiny had notbeen quelled, and troops were being hurried fromall parts of the British Empire to assist in restoringorder in the vast Asiatic peninsula.It was at this time that the Governor- General of Canada,Sir Edmund Walker Head, was authorized by theImperial authorities to accept an offer made by the Canadianpeople to raise a regiment of regular troops for service,wherever they might be ordered to proceed. Theconsequence of this acceptance was that the corps knownas the 100th, or Prince of Wales Royal Canadian Regimentwas formed, and several of its officers drawn fromthe Canadian militia. Its first commanding officer wasColonel de Rottenburg, the Adjutant-General of Militiafor Upper Canada, he vacating the latter post on assumingcommand of the 100th. Among the subaltern officerswas Ensign John Gibbs Ridout, who afterwards served asa Captain in the 10th Royals.Among tiK ^ank and file

20 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.wore several men who served therein for two or threeyears; then, not caring for the restraints inseparablefrom regular soldiering, purchased their discharge, andwishing not wholly to sever themselves from array life,served again for the pleasure of doing so in the 10th.In 1867, Mr. Henry James Grasett, of Toronto, wasgazetted as an ensign in the lOOtli. He served thereinfor several years, and obtained the rank of Lieutenant,and was also, for five years, Adjutant of the regiment.He was a most popular officer, and in his capacity ofAdjutant, won the respect and confidence of officers, N.C.O's., and men. The two latter, to use a well-knownexpression, " swore by him." He knew them all by name,indeed knew many of their regimental numbers, and onhis retirement, every man of the lOOth whose respect wasworth having, regretted his departure.Returning to Toronto, Mr. Grasett was, upon the reorganizationof the lOth as the Royal Grenadiers, appointedLieutenant-Colonel of the regiment, of which full particularswill be given as this history proceeds. That isall that needs be said respecting the lOOth regiment.connection with the lOth was not a very close one, neverthelessit existed.In December, 1861, occurred the difficulty now alwaysspoken of as the " Trent affair " between the United Statesof America and Great Britain. A British steamer wasboarded on the high seas by a United States cruiser, andtwo men, Messrs Mason and Slidell, who were passengersthereon, were taken by force, and removed in custody tothe latter vessel.ItsIt was at the beginning of the war ofSecession. Messrs. Mason and Slidell were emissaries

Lna'T.-coL. H. J. c;rasi:tt.

THE TRENT AFFAIR OF 1861. 21from the Confederate States to certain sympathisers inEngland.As soon as this act of the United States became knownin Great Britain, preparations were made for war, andlarge numbers of troops and war rtiateriel were sent outto Canada. At the same time Canadians were not unmindfulof their responsibilities. A proclamation wasissued by the Government calling for volunteers fromthe sedentary militia which would have had the effect ofplacing more than 30,000 men in the field, irrespective ofany troops, batteries or companies that already existed.The proclamation caused an immense sensation, andwould, no doubt, have been fully responded to. The gistof it was thisprefers to have volunteei s," Canada wants some 30,000 men, and shebut if she can't get the lattershe must resort to the letter of the law. There is nocompulsion, only you must."Let those who read this book think for a few momentsof what a levy of 30,000 men would have meant. Atmost the entire population of Upper and Lower Canadaat that period did not exceed 2,500,000 souls, of those 12men per thousand would have been required to take uparms. What a sleepy, quiet place is a Canadian villageof 1,000 inhabitants. What a blank would it make,were twelve of its unmarried men between the ages ofeighteen and forty taken out of it ! Butwise counselsfortunately wore in the ascendency at Washington, anapology was made to CJreat Britain for the affront offeredto her, the difficulty passed away, and so did the necessityfor enrolling the sedentary militia.In the very midst of the turmoilcaused by the Trent

—22 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.affair, and when it was not known whether war wouldresult or not, a meeting at which the late Mr. F. W. Cumberlandpresided, was held at the Mechanics Institute(the present Central Library), on the evening of December21st, 1861. At this gathering were men of everytrade and of all professions, the lawyer jostled the stonemason,the schoolmaster the carpenter, the banker thebutcher, and all were enthusiastic. The object of themeeting was to form a regiment of volunteer militia fromthe mechanics or working men of the city. It was unanimouslydecided to try and raise such a corps, and acommittee in furtherance of the object was formed. Thecommittee appointed met on December 2(Sth, 1801, andwere able to report that somewhat more than 5!i^l,oOO hadbeen subscribed towards a guarantee fund in aid of theexpenses, and that 230 men had been enrolled. On December30th, the committee met again, and nominated aspecial committee of forty-eight members to nominatethe officers. It had been decided at the meeting of December28th, that scarlet should be the color of the tunicsto be worn by the new regiment. This was a decidednovelty in Canadian militiacompanies, and its adoptionwas favorably received.On January 1st, 1862, the following officers were:nominatedPaymaster, John Stuart; Adjutant, J G. McGrathQuarter-Master, Thomas Gundry,Captains, Fred. W. Cumberland, A. J. Brunei, JohnWorthington, A. DeGrassi, Sandfonl Heming, W. (J.Storm, James Worthington, John McGee, A. Manning,George Carroll.

:•THE 10th gazetted. 23Lieutenants, W. Stewart, D. Fleming, E. Coatsworth,Henry Roberts, F. F. Passmore, John Boxall, G. B. Smith,John Albiston, W. Steward, J. Gritz.Ensigns, J. J. Dickey, W. A. Stollery, George R. Hamilton,R. Dennis, E. Peel, W. W. Colwell, Robert IV^JtchelLH. F. Bescoby, James Price, David Ramsey.The first meeting of officers elect was held a week later,when Captain Cumberland was chosen as the Lieutenant-Colonel;Captains John Worthington and Bruneias Majors ; Lieutenant Coatsworth, as Captain, to fillthe place vacated by Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland, andEnsign Price was named for the remaining vacant Captaincy.Drs. Buchanan and 0']Jca were elected Surgeonand Assistant Surgeon.It must be understood that all these were merelynominations, they had to be ratified by the Governor-General.Drill began for the officers on January 7th, 1862. Itwill be seen that from the date ofthe first meeting untilthis one for officers drill, l(;ss than three weeks hadelapsed, no time had been lost.On Marcli 14th, 1862, the Canada Gazette containedthe following notice :—MILITIA GENERAL ORDERS.Hkadouarters, Quebec,March 14th, 1862.No. 1. The formatidti of tlie following corps is liorehy jiuthorizctl,vizClash B.Olio Vohinteer Militu\ Rifle Co'y. - Jn,s. Worthington.- A. J. Brunei.

———24 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.One Volunteer Militia Rifle Co'y.-S. Fleming." *' •'-John Worthington,' " " -A. DeGrassi.* " " - JohnMcGee.'* " *• -E. Coatsworth.TIlis was followed by the following General Order:No. 2.Promotions, Appointments, Etc.MiLiTAUY District, No. 5, U.C.The 7 Volunteer Militia Rifle Cos. gazetted this day at Toronto,under the command of the following oHicers, are hereby formed intoa battalion under the provisions of Section 26 of the ConsolidatedMilitia Law, and will be styled "The 10th Bat^^^alion VolunteerRifles,Canada,"To be Major:Capt. Fred. Cumberland, from the 3rd Battalion, Toronto.In the first list of officers of the 10th Battalion it,must be clearly understood that the names given werepurely nominations subject to approval or rejection bythe Commander-in- Chief.As a matter of fact some of those whose names havebeen given ashaving been chosen by the committee toreceive commissions, or rather, to be recommended forcommissions, either eventually declined the honor, or fromother causes were not gazetted to any rank in the regiment.The following is the official list of the whole of thecaptains and subaltern officers on March 14th, 18G2, thedate upon which the battalion was officially recognized.Captains, John Worthington, Alfred John Brunei,Sandford Fleming, James Worthington, Alfio DeGrassi,John McGee, Emerson Coatsworth.Lieutenants, Thomas Gundry, William Steward, Henry

:>THE 10th gazetted. 25Roberts, David Fleming, Frederick Passmore, JohnAlbiston,John Boxall.Ensigns, James Isaac Dickey, William StoUery, EdwardMoultrie Peele, Robert Mitchell, Richard DennisGeorge Hamilton, Henry Bescoby.In the Gazette of March 28th, 18G2, appeared the followingnotificationMILITIA APPOINTMENTS,Military District No 5,Uppeii Canada.Tenth Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles Canada :To be Lieutenant-Colonel, Major Frederic WilliamCumberland.To be Majors, Captain John Worthington, from the 1stCompany, and Captain John Brunei, from 2nd Company.No. 1 Company—To be Captain, Cileorge Carroll,Esq., vice W^orthington,promoted.No. 2 Co7iipany—To be Captain, James G. McGrath,Esq., vice Brunei, promoted.The following is a complete roll of the seven com palsieswhich were formed.This was made out and sent toQuebec, March 10th, 1862, and the iirstG. O. just

26 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Fennell, James Pirn, Richard Lawrence, Thomas Peters,John Harvie, Chas. G. Dunn, Benjamin Dean, StephenMatthews, Wm. H. Pettigrew, John Henderson, ThomasFlanigan, Joshua Dean, Philip Warren, Reuben Law,George Wilson, Charles M arson, Rich. I. Cole, Henry Mc-Caffrey, Nicholas Holman, David Jack, Lyman Rumour,Thomas Thompson, Taylor Butler, Wm. H. Cheshire,Chris. Verrall, Joseph Benson, Alexander Stewart, Wm.McMullen, M. P. McNulty, Thomas Miller, Michael Burns,Mark Seddan, James Vicars, Michael Larrigan.No. 2 Company—W^m. Turner, Wilkinson Dean, Chas.Curry, John Knowlton, Fred Warren, James Grant, Geo.Kitson, William Jones, John Keats, John Skidmore, A.Brunei, Jr., Troilus Brunei, Jas. R. Gibson, Joseph Woods,Henry Humphries, Henry Levett, James Mcintosh, N.])ickey, Wm. James Hughes, Daniel LivingstoneWilliamArmstrong, W. J. McClery, James Cruickshank, Fred.Hood, W. W. Laird, George Hassard, Sandford Fleming,Wm. Hoey, James Yeo, Theophilus Dobie, Jos. Heaslip,Patrick Kelly, Richard Smith, R. McDoryall, J. C. Taylor,Edward Botterill, James J. Hickey, Arthur Carkeek,James Oigan, A. Dickie, Wm. Stewart, E. Moultree Peele,Joseph Green, Edward McGann, Wm. Mara, H. McLauglilin,John Gillett, John Glynn, Michael Curly, John Mullon,James Ross, E. Thornhill, Thomas F. Wilkins, JosephWaddy, Donald Forsyth, Wm. Mills, John Kelly, A. Taylor,John Taylor.No. 3 Company—Joseph Taylor, A. DeGrassi, Chas.Simpson, Edward Brookshead, John Huntley, MichaelMilton, William Cullen, Thos. Aiylesen, A. Wilson, Jas.Murphy, Edward H. Coole, John Kent, Robert McKim.

THE IOtii gazetted. 27Richmond Sands, James Fairbanks, Michael Tobin, C. S.Heaps, A. Jackson, Robert Bell, Geo. M. Hall, ChristopherBendon, John Higgins, Austin McNamara, Owen Mc-Nally, Wm. M. Middleton, Stewart Burrows, Thos. Hopewood,John Mitchell, John Alliston, William Jones, ElsiWilson, Jas. McAllister, James McCraw, C. E. Bull, J. G.Gibson, Thos. Snarr, Thos. Scott, George Tate, James Litster,John Ranilson, Andrew Parling, William Fenwick,Andrew Moore, Thos. Gladstone, Henry Moore, JohnThompson, John Cull, John Thompson. Geo. P. De-Grassi, John States, Joshua Holdsworth, Alfred T. Shore,John Shanklin, Michael Tobin, Jr., John Wilson, Thos.Jamieson, John Connor, Emerson Coatsworth, JohnMossiman.No. 4 Company—Thos. Hurst, Mitchell Mount, JohnFord, John Ellis, Henry Savage, James Murray, JamesCrother, James 'Dudley, Thos. Dudley, William Dudley,George Peal, Jolin England, John Meddlar, Henry Hurst,Henry Higgins, Edward Durant, Joseph Archer, Thos.O'Connor, David Fleming E. McGann, Edward Higgins,Wm. Thos. Durant, John Dill, Wm. Diamond, Wn).Clowes, Chas. Leight, Wm. Murray, John Taylor, Thos.Hogarth, John Kerr, Alex. McCoy, Wm. T. Crewe, JosephArcher, Sr., Isaac Johnson, Thos. McMullen, James Bell.Robert Carraco, William Hodson, Robert Mitchell, JosephDuggan, John Reed, W. C.Manson, Samuel Pettigrew,George Carroll, Thos. Carroll, Thos. W. Crews, John Hillock,John McGuire, S. M. Burney, William Virgo, Geo.Copping, John Gibson, Thos. Skippon, William HarrisJohn Neill, Nathaniel Dickey, William Jaffray, WilliamBoxall, Geo. Boxall.

28 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL fJRENADlERS.No. 5Company.—Wm. Robertson, Wni. Goyen, JamosRoyle, Joseph Marshall, Henry Jacknian, Josiah Creys,Jas. Henderson, John AuehiHer, Geo. Hutchison, MichaelReardon, John Macintosh, John Boxall, E. Jacobs, Thos.Carfrac, A. Auchincloss, John Burns, Jas. Milligan, JohnWorthington, William Steward, Richard Dinnis, JamesFarrall, W. E. Nilson, David Thomas, J xcob Nokes, SimonStrachan, Richard Finlay, Wm. Mulvey, Fenton Burns,Robert Hill, Peter Gall, John Mansall, William Whitcomb,James Campbell, Wm. Ford, Philip Kelly, MichaelKeating, James Miller, Jessie Fensome, Edwin Fairchild,Thos. Scott, William Stewart, jr., John W. Reeves, DuncanMcWatt, Geo. Guysden, Alex. Beemer, John Greig,John Bomibrick, William Best, Wm. Carter, John Carter,Samuel Stow, William Hill, Augustus Abell, Wm. Black,James Bennett, W^m. John Baxter, Wm. Graham, \^'alterGrey, Chas. Gould.No. 6Company.—Michael McCabe, Robert Taii>, JohnI. Miles, William Wright, William Craig, James I. Pike,Wm. Chas. Snelling, W^m. Davis, Wm. I. Givens, WilliamWilson, Thomas Gladstone, R. Coulter, Wm. Burns, JohnThompson, John Ray, Matthew Peard, James Hawke.William Murphy, Alex. Johnstone, Thos. Barry, J. Hissop,Geo. Husband, James Worthington, J. B. Smith, WilliamA. Stollery, R. W. Coupland, John Worthington, jr., JohnGreenless, Arthur Coleman, G. L. Parradis, William Cruse,Wm. Crowden, Archibald Campbell, Robert Campbell,John Fo.'^ter, Thos. Hellem, Samuel Dodd, Wm. H. Edwick,James Hawkes, James Ramsey, James Hobbs, JohnStevenson, Thos. Fairbairn, James Thompson, Henry J.Smitt, Edward Hall, John Trevail, James Williams, John

—THE IOTU GAZKITKD. 29McClain, Win. D. Rogers, Wm. Goiirlay, John Malcolm,Andrew Sander, Thomas Edison, Henry Jackson, RichardSmith, Geo. Rushback, James Edgear, Alex. Wray.No. 7 Company.—R. E. Gregg, James H. Spring, C.W. Buchanan, jr., John Shannon, William Hughes, JohnJ. Niles, Michael Smith, James Crooks, John Owlger, A.D. Peal, Joseph Rogers, S. Watson, W. J. Stibbs, HenryJacobs, Thos. Downey, Evan Nicholson, W. R. Adams,Henry Henwood, John Smyth, J. Turner, Wm. Henderson,Robert Mishun, George Tait, Geo, L. Armstrong, R.S. Colley, O. G. Mclntie, John Sikath, Alex. Scott, Tho^.Coleman, John Rogers, W. D. Rogers, John M. Scott, Geo.Campbell, Peter Jacobs, B. B. Tracy, M. Gardner, W. H.Gough, Francis Tweedie, Samuel McCord, James Waldie,Robert Harrison, John McLoughlin, James Spence, JohnBristo, Geo. Steels, Joseph Williams, H. Woodhouse, Wm.Crocker, Wm. Sturgeon.At a meeting of the officers held in April, 1862, a committeecomposed of the field officers, together with CaptainDeGrassi, Lieutenant Gundry, Ensign Bescoby andCaptain Worthington, were appointed to draft by-laws,for the genera] government of the battalion.It was arrangedthat the field officers post officers to each companyas follows :No. 1 Company—Captain , Lieutenant Stewart,Ensign Dennis.No. 2 Company—Captain McGrath, Lieutenant Roberts,Ensign Hamilton.No. 3Company— Captain Fleming, Lieutenant Passmore,Ensign Pedle.No. 4 Company—Captain James Worthington,LieutenantGundry, Ensign Stollery.

30 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.No. 5 Company—Captain DeGrassi, Lieutenant Albiston,Ensign Beseoby.No. 6 Company—Captain Coatsworth, LieutenantFleming, Ensign Mitchell.No. 7Company—Captain George Carroll, LieutenantBoxall, Ensign Dickey.Captain McGee, unattached.Another meeting of officers was held in May, 1802,when it was decided to procure 350 stand of new arms,those which had been purchased having proved unsatisfactory.At this meeting the recently issued Militia-General orders that the active militia should put intwenty- eight days consecutive drill were discussed.Thiswas considered to be an obstacle in the way of gettingsuitable recruits. The officers in meeting assembled,passed a motion stating that, in their opinion, the periodof drill should be left to the discretion of the Commander-in-Chief.It was also suggested that six day'swould be more easily executed.At a meeting of officers held on November 20th, 1862,drillat which Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland presided, thefollowing resolution, proposed by Captain Fleming, andseconded by Ensign Dickey, was carried unanimously :" That the tilling u]) of vacancies among the officers, and theposting of officers to companies, be left in the hands of field officers."At the same meeting a committee was appointed tomake arrangements about officer's uniform. A BuildingCommittee was also appointed, which consisted of thefollowing members: Major John Worthington, CaptainJames Worthington, and Lieutenant William Steward.

THE IOtii uazetted. 31The officer commanding the 10th received an officialnotice from Quebec in the end of November, reading asfollows :MILITIA GENERAL ORDERS.Active Force.Headquarters, Quebec,21st November, 18G2.No. 1. His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief approves of the10th Battalion, Volunteer Militia Rifles, Canada, at Toronto, beingorganized as an Infantry Battalion, instead of Rifles under thedesignation of "The 10th Battalion Volunteer Militia (Infantry),Canada." Captain Latham's company of Volunteer Rifles, at Toronto,is hereby incorporated with the said Battalion, and will beknown as the 8th Company.On November 28th another fully attended meeting ofthe officers was held, when a band committee was appointed,and the question of supplying clothing to theregiment was discussed.There were severalranks ofchanges among the commissionedthe regiment early in the new year, the followingpromotions and appointments appearing in theGazette of January 30th, 1863 :10th battalion volunteer militia (INFANTRY).No. 1 Company.To be Captain—Lieutenant William Steward from No.2 Company,c/ce Carroll resigned.To be Lieutenant— Ensign Dennis from No. 1 Company, viceGundry, whose commission has been cancelled.To be Ensign —George McMurrich, gentleman. No. 2 Company.No. 2 Company.To be Lieutenant—Lieutenant Henry Roberts from No. 3 Company,rice Steward promoted.To be Ensign—Ensign Hamilton from No. 6 Company, vice Stollery,promoted.

transferredto No. 7.No. 5 COIMPANY.82 HISTORY UF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.No.3 Company.To be Ensign— Clarence Moberley, Gentleman, vice Peele, Av^hosecommission has been cancelled.No. 4 Company.To be Lieutenant—Ensign Stollery, from No. 2 Company, viceFleming, transferred to No. 7.To be Ensign—Hanry Harwood, Gentleman, vice MitchellTo be Lieutenant— Lieutenant Albiston,from No. 6 Company,vice Passmore, whose commission has been cancelled.To be Ensign— Ensign Bescoby, from No. 7 Company, vice Dennis,promoted.No.6 Company.To be Captain—Lieutenant Boxall, from No. 7 Company, viceMcGee, whose commission has been cancelled.To be Lieutenant—Ensign Dickey, from No. 1 Company, viceAlbiston, transferred to No. 5 Company.No. 7To be Lieutenant—Lieutenantvice Boxall, promoted.Company.Fleming, from No. 4 Company,To be Ensign—Ensign Mitchell, from No. 4 Company, vice Bescoby,transferred to No. 5 Company.The officers met again on March 17th, 1863, when themotto ever since borne by the regiment, that of " ReadyAye Ready," with the regimental crest of a lion rampantholding a flag was adopted. It was at this meetingresolved to apply to the authorities for permission toassume the title " Royal 10th Battalion Volunteers."Another committee was formed on March 23rd, 1863,this time not of " officers and gentlemen," but of " Ladiesonly." This meeting of the gentler sex was to form acommittee for the purpose of presenting the regimentwith a set of colors. It was composed of the following

THE 10th gazetted. 33ladies:— Mrs. F. W. Cumberland, presiding; MesdamesJohn Worthington, A. J. Bruii'^,1, Buchanan, James Worthington,Boxall and Ridout.The officer commanding the 10th, was notified by ageneral order, datea Quebec, April 10th, 1863, that:His Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, has beenpleased to approve of " The 10th Battalion VolunteerMilitia Infantry, Canada," at Toronto, being in futuredenominated " The Tenth," or " Royal Regiment ofTorontoVolunteers."There were several alterations in the roll of officersnotified in the Gazette of May 15th, 1863.follows :They were asIn No. 2 Compan^", Ensign George Robb Hamilton,became Lieutenant, viceRoberts, who had resigned,while Troilus Brunei was gazetted Ensign. In No. 3Company, Ensign Moberley became Lieutenant, and EdwardMurphy was gazetted to the vacant ensigncy. No.5 Company, Ensign Henry Bescoby became Lieutenant,vice Albiston who had resigned, and Ensign G. W. Mussonfrom the Queen's Own Rifles, was transferred to thiscompany of the 10th.John William Lawrence was gazetted to the ensigncymade vacant by the promotion of Ensign Dickey.Captain Emerson Coatsworth, commanding No. 7Company, resigned his commission, and in his place EnsignJohn Huston Ritchey, from No. 5 Battalion, Toronto,was gazetted to the Company. Ensign R. Mitchell waspromoted Lieutenant, and James M. Worthington gazettedEnsign in the same Company.Up to this date. May 15th, :J863, the 10th had consistedof7 Companies, with an Stii in process of organi-C

eiriM.:34 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.zation, but from some reason not statedtlie officer commandingthe proposed 8th Company failedin his endeavors,and on May 15th the following notification appearedin the Canada Gazette10th Royal Regiment of Toronto Volunteers.The 8th Company of this Battalion, under the command of CaptainLatham, having failed in its organization, the formation of anotherCompany is hereby authorized in its room and stead, viz. :No. 8 Company.To be Caotain— Samuel Sherwood.To be Lieutenant— John Edwards.To be Ensign—Levius Peters Sherwood.At the Queen's Birthday parade, May 24th, 1863, severalof the officers of the 10th Royals were present inundress uniform on the invitation of Lieutenant-ColonelDurie, commanding Q.O.R. The regiment was unableto be present on parade owing to the fact that theiruniforms, which had been ordered in England, had notreached Canada.On May 25th, 1863, a Drum Major's Mace was pre-The Mace is the one still in useBented to the Battalion.and it bears a small silver escutcheon, upon which isengraved the date when it became the property of theregiment.^

—CHAPTER IV.PRESENTATION OF COLOURS TO THE REGIMENT BY MRS. CUM-BERLAND.—LIEUTENANT-COLONEL CUMBERLAND RETIRES.—THE FENIAN RAID.HE History of the 10th Royals has nowreached the point where they had becomeproperly organized as an eight-companybattalion, had learned their drill and wereready to respond to any call for duty that mightbe made upon them.July 6th, 1863, was a red-letter day in the regiment'sliistory, for upon that date was given to the corps thosecolours which, in the thirty-two years that have sinceelapsed, neither the 10th Royals or the Royal Grenadiershave ever disgraced, but have, on the other hand, foughtbravely in maintaining their honor, the credit of theirregiment and shewing their devotion to their Sovereignand their country.The scene was thus described by one of Toronto'sdaily papers at the time of its occurrence:" It is always a pleasing duty to chronicle the fact thatany portion of the community are giving * aid and comfort'to the volunteer movement, but it is doubly gratifyingwhen that aid and comfort comes from the fairersections of the community.The officers and men of the10th Royals may well feel proud of marching under the

36 HISTORY OF THE 110YAL GREN ADIEUS.colours presented by the ladies of this city. Great preparationshad been made for the important ceremony*both on the part of the officers and men. The scarletuniforms, lately supplied by the Government, lookedbright and gay, and it was the first time that the entireregiment had turned out in full-dress uniform. Thatthey made a fine appearance, all who saw them admit-That each officer and man looked every inch a soldier nobody can deny."At half past two in the afternoon the regiment leftheadquarters, King street west, headed by the PioneerCompany and their band, in a neat white uniform likethe regulars, and playing in capital style on the new instrumentspresented with their colours. They marchedto the Queen's Park, where they executed a numberof battalion movements, under command of Lieut.-Col.Cumberland, and then marched to the cricket groundwhere refreshments were served. The citizens were assemblingat this time in great numbers on the common towitness the presentation.at five thousand persons.The spectators were estimatedAbout four o'clock, the sound ofmartial music was heard in the distance, and in a fewmoments the companies, comprising the Queen's OwnBattalion, under command of Lieut.-Col. Durie, marchedon to the common with a firm tread, headed by theirband playing a lively quickstep, and took up their positionon the south side of the field. They had hardly gotthe word * Stand at ease ' when the tune of the ' BritishGrenadiers' was heard, and on came the gallant 10thand wheeled (quickly in line on the right of their companions-in-arms.

:PRESENTATION OF COLORS. 37" Both battalions were eagerly scanned by their friendsand fellow-citizens.To those who judged by color onlythe scarlet tunics gave the men of the Royals a decided* 'advantage over the rifle green of the Queen's Own.Much regret was expressed when it was announced thatowing to sickness, Major- Gen. Napier would be unableto be present to review the troops, and take part in theceremony. He had, however, delegated Col. RobertsonRoyal Engineers, Commandant of the garrison, to takehis place. Col. Robertson and staff took up their positionin front of the brigade now in line, and Col. G. TDenison, of Rusholme, having assumed the command thetroops presented arms."An altar covered with a white cloth was placed a shortdistance from the line, Lieut. -Col. Cumberland, EnsignWorthington, and Ensign Sherwood, these two last beingthe junior officers of the regiment, advanced and took uptheir position in front and the Colours were brought outfrom the tent under charge of Sergeant-Major Helm, andfour colour sergeants with fixed baj^onets, and placed onthe altar. On a signal from Lieut.-Col. Cumberland, thecommittee of ladies, headed by Mrs. Cumberland, Col.Robertson and staff,and Rev. Dr. McCaul, in full academiccostume, left the tent and approached the altarfacing the brigade. On coming to the front, Mrs. Cumberlandin a clear tone of voice read the followingaddress :—'To Lieut.-Col. Cumherlandjhe officers,no7i-commi8sionedoffi^ccvs and men of the lOth Royal Regiment of VolunteerMilitia—'The ladies of Toronto request that you will do them

.# !!i{^.^irniSTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.'mvbr to accept the accompanying stand of ColoursDi loSrJ-hfcQsbgiment, together with a set of instruments forits band, as an evidencein the welfare ofof the wa,rm interest they takeyour corps, and their high appreciationof the spirit by which it is animated.'In confiding these Colours to your charge, the donorsare persuaded that they entrust them to those who willover keep them in safety and in honor, nor do they doubtthat if unhappily a necessity should arise for unfurlingthem in defence of the province, you will promptly rallyaround them at tliecall of duty, and, emulating the historicgallantry of your comrades of the regular serviceyou will bear them with a valor which will ovince affectionateattachment to your homes, patriotic love of yourcountry, and loyal devotion to your Queen. (Applause.)" The Rev. Dr. McCaul, President and Professor of theUniversity ofToronto, consecrated the Colours by offeringup praver."Colonel Robertson then handed first the Queen's thenthe Regimental Color to Mrs. Cumberland, who in turnhanded tlie former to Ensign Worthington, the latter toEnsign Sherwood, who received them with bended knee.Mrs. Cumberland then said how pleased she was on herown behalf and on tliat of the Ladies' Committee to havehad the pleasure and the privilege of giving these coloursto the regiment that the people of Toronto would everbe jealous for the lionour of that regiment, and that theytrusted and believed the 10th would ever maintain theirown honour and retain their standards unsullied.Lieut.-Coloncl Cumberland, in a few brief wordsbecoming to him both as " a soldier and a man," tlianked

iJrtWi&tii&rin

PRESENTATION OF COLORS. 39the ladies for their gift. He then called upon thReverend John McCaul, D.D., to address them.Dr. McCaul then said it was with no ordinary pleasurehe addressed them, the occasion was gratifying andhonourable to all concerned, tothe givers and receivers,to the ladies who had presented the colours, and to thosewho had received them, and he could with perfect proprietyterm the act a noble one. It was a most nobleact on the part of the ladies, as they testified by it to theinterest they felt in the corps, and at the same time gavea proof of their liberality. By this public recognitionthey had shown that they felt the practical utility of theforce to the Province, and in explicit terms said, that ifwar should come, they were ready to do their parts tosend forth their husbands, brothers and sons in defenceof their country, trusting that God in His infinite mercywould bring them back to them unharmed. The act wasalso honourable to the corps, as the donors in their addresssaid they felt they were confiding the colours toworthy men, who, in the event of war, would stand sideby side with the regiments of the regular service thatmight be sent out from the Mother Country. Whenthey looked at the Queen's colour they would remembertheir duty to the Empire of which they formed a partand to the happiness they enjoyed under the benign ruleof its Most Gracious Sovereign, and when they looked atthe regimental colour they would remember that theymight be called on to defend their happy homes in thisfair and fertile country, the birth-place or the land ofadoption of them all, and in defending their homes theywere also protecting their wives, daughters, mothers and

40 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.sisters. Dr. McCaul brought his remarks to a close bysaying that he was sure the men who formed the Royalswould sustain the honour of the colours and that theywould be handed down to their successors, without ablemish upon the regiment, as emblems of the love theybore their country and their devotion to their Queen.On the close of Dr. McCaul's speech, Colonel Robertsonand staff took up their positions at the saluting point onthe western side of the grounds. The troops were drawnup in brigade order, " right in front," opposite.Then commenced the time-honoured and picturesqueceremony of " trooping the colours." To the vast majorityof those present the scene was an absolutely new one,but to some on the ground, veterans who had served theircountry in various parts of the globe, it brought backmemories of the Alameda in Gibraltar, of Edinburgh andHolyrood, of Dublin and the Phoenix Park, of Parkhurst,Isle of Wight, and its famous drill field, or of Malta andthe parade ground near Fort Ricasoli.Clieer after cheer was given as, in response to the wordof command " officers and non-commissioned officers, to!your guards, slow march " officers and sergeants whowere drawn up in line at attention about one hundredyards in front of and facing the battalion, at oncebrought their swords and rifles to the " recover " andmoved slowly towards the line, the band playing a slowmarch.Arrived at the line the captains took up positionon the right flank of the company, their covering sergeantsin the rear, while the remaining officers andsergeants passed to their proper places in the supernumeraryrank.

:PRESENTATION OF COLORS. 41Then the "troop" took place and afterwards thebrigade marched past in open column in slow and quicktime, and in quarter distance column in quick time. Themarch past in slow time was splendidly done, and ascompany after company marched past the saluting point*the officers giving the old-fashioned stately double salute,first with the sword and then with the left hand, theapplause from the onlookers was unstinted.Colonel Robertson made some very complimentaryremarks and the troops marched off the field.On July 10th, 186:^, Th^ Gazette contained the followingnotification " 10th or Royal Regiment of TorontoVolunteers."To be adjutant with the rank of LieutenantJames Benson, Gentleman, late 2nd Volunteer RifleCompany, St. Catharines.Though it is scarcely necessary in writing a militaryhistory, to refer to the social life of the officers and menof any particular regiment, yet there are certain socialevents which have an historic interest. Such was thecelebrated ball given by the Duchess of Richmond, onthe eve of Waterloo, and such also, was the first ball evergiven by the officers of the 10th Royals on December20th, 1863. It marked the commencement of the Regiment'srole as entertainers of the pleasantest order, ^distinction which in the long years that have sinceelapsed has not grown less, even in the slightest degree.The Canada Gazette of April 29th, 1864, giving a listof those Militia Corps who had become entitled by proficiencyin drill and discipline, to the money prizes whichhad been awarded by Government in the several MilitaryDistricts of Upper Canada, remarked :

42 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRLNADIERS." His Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, has observed,with much satisfaction, that in addition to theCorps named, the 10th or Royal Regiment of Infantry,Toronto, Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland, with others,although not entitled to prizes, have been favourablyreported upon for generalproficiency."Queen's Birthday passed off with the usual parade andwith the firing of a feu de joie. The birthday parade of1864 was the first of that kind that the 10th had beenable to hold.On July 14th, 18G4, it was announced, under theheading " General Order " that Ensign George A. Shaw,who afterwards commanded the 10th, and who was thena candidate for a Commission in the 10th Royals, had receiveda second-class certificate for efficiency from theCommandant of the School of Military Instruction atToronto.There was a change in the officers of No. 8 Companyon September 23rd, 1864.Ensign L. P. Sherwood beingpromoted to the Lieutenancy caused by the resignationof Lieu^.enant Edward Stewart.Ow'iig to the disturbed state of political affairs in thethe year, 1864, muchUnited States towards the end oftrouble was caused to the Canadian Government bycertain persons committing acts which tended to infringethe conditions of neutrality assumed by Great Britain,regarding the great internecine contest that was thenwaging. On December 19th, 1864, were issued the following" General Orders."No 1. His Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, ispleased to state he has given orders to call out for actual

——PRESENTATION OF COLORS. 43service, under the provisions of" The Volunteer MilitiaAct," a part of the Volunteer Militia of this Province andthat the same will consist of thirty companies of Rifles ofInfantry to be hereafter named.No. 2. His Excellency desires that all officers commandingBattalions, and officers commanding Companies(not in Battalion), will forthwith increase the strengthof their several Companies of Rifles or Infantry to 65non-commissioned officers and men, and will hold themselvesin readiness for immediate actual service whenHis Excellency may see fit to call out the same or anypart thereof.On December 19th, 1864, a General Order was issuedto the following effect :" His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief is pleasedto state that he has given orders to call out for activeservice, under the provisions of the Volunteer MilitiaAct, a part of the Volnnteer Militia of this Province,and that the same will consist of thirty companies ofrifles, or infantry, to be hereafter named."Four days later this was followed by the followingorder, datedHead-Quarters, Quebec, 23rd Dec, 1864, VolunteerMilitia General Order.No. 1. Referring to the General Order of December19th, is pleased to call out for active service the followingcompanies of the volunteer force.Then followed the names of the companies called out,and directions that they should be formed into threeadministrative battalions, and the names of the staffofl[icers for each battalion were duly gazetted.

44 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS,The Commander-in-Chief, in a General Order addressedto the force, impressed upon them " that they were embodied,not for the purpose of warfare, but with theobject of aiding the civil power in its efforts to preventaggression on the territories of a friendly state, on thepart of persons enjoying the right of asylum in HerMajesty's dominions ; and to maintain, as regards Canada,complete neutrality with respect tothe war existing inthe United States, which Her Majesty has enjoined onall her subjects."None of the companies of the 10th were included inthese first battalions, which on April 21stwere relieved,and three new battalions formed in their stead, in thethird of which No. 1 and 2 companies were composed bymen ofthe 10th Royals, under the command of CaptainsG. W. Musson and John Gibbs Ridout; the subalternofficers being Lieutenant G. McMurrich, Ensigns C.Connonand H. J. Browne.On Queen's birthday, 1865, the 10th were brigadedwith the Queen's Own and other troops in garrison, andfired a feu de joie. The detachment at Laprairie indulgedin a series of athletic contests in which the menof Captain Musson's company carried off most of theprizes.The Laprairie camp broke up October 13th, 1865, thetwo companies of the 10th had returned to Toronto ashort time previously.Under date January 13th, 1865, the Gazette announcedthe retirement from the 10th of Captains McGrath, SandfordFleming and DeGrassi, also of Lieutenant Bescobyand Ensign Edv/ard Murphy.

::';LIEUT.-COL. CUMBERLAND RETIRES. 46The following appointment was gazetted :To be Captain, Ensign George W. Musson vice De-Grassi.The next appointment in connection with the 10thwas gazetted April 20th, 1865, it was as follows:To be Adjutant with the rank of Captain, LieutenantJohn Gibbs Ridout vice Benson, resigned.Lieutenant Ridout had just retired from the 100th, P.W.R.C.R., in which he had served since its formation in1858. Lieutenant Ridout, when at the Staff College, tookthe highest place in the examinations of his final yeardistancing by far every other officer ofthe service then at the Staff"Lieutenant-ColonelCollege.every branch ofCumberland, who had commandedthe 10th since its first formation, retired from the serviceon July 21st, 1865, when theGazette contained the followingnotice10th Battalion Royal Regiment, Toronto Volunteers.To be ^Lieutenant-Colonel, Major Alfred Brunei viceCumberland, resigned.To mark the high appreciation ofthe services renderednot only to the 10th but to the militia force of Canadagenerally, by Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland, it wasofficially notified in the Gazette as followsThe Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief hasbeen pleased to appoint Lieutenant- Colonel Frederic W.Cumberland to be an extra Aide-de-Camp to His Excellency.When Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland severed his connectionwith the 10thRoyals he issued as a regimentalorder, on August 8th, 1865, this valedictory address:

46 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL CJRENAD1ER8." Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland, having been permittedby His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief toresign the command of the 10th Royal Regiment, cannotretire without expressing to the officers, non-commissionedofficers and men his warm appreciation of the soldierlyspirit evinced by all ranks throughout the period(nearly four years) during which he has had the honorof commanding the regiment, of their willing obedienceto his orders and ofthe good-feeling which has so happilyunited them as a military organization." The Lieutenant-Colonel deeply regrets the necessityfor his severance from the Regiment, arising, as it solelydoes, from engagements no longer admitting of a dividedduty." He will always remember his associations with it asa very high honor and as a most acceptable and happyservice ; and he leaves it with the fullest confidence thatunder the zealous and devoted energy of the able officersucceeding to the command, the Regiment will upholdand extend its reputation." By the favor of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland continues attachedto the Volunteers, and has been appointed to the personalstaff of the Governor- General. He cannot doubt that forthis honor he is largely indebtedto the high standing ofthe Regiment it has been his privilage to command, andhe hopes that such a special mark of favor to it, in hisperson, will stimulate thepride of all ranks to maintainthe Royals in a condition of permanent and honorableefficiency."In bidding the Regiment heartily farewell, Lieutenant-

:::LIEUT.-COL. CUMBERLAND RETIRES. 47Colonel Cumberland desires to express his best and mostfriendly wishes for the future well-being of every memberin it."In the Regimental Orders of August 8th, 1865, appearedthe followingThe Lieutenant-Colonel commanding directs that thefarewel! order of Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland beposted in the orders of the day, and in doing so he referswith great pleasure and satisfaction to the honors conferredon Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland by His Excellencythe Commander-in-Chief, a satisfaction which he isconvinced will be felt by the Regiment, both on accountof the gratification it must afford to Lieutenant-ColonelCumberland and of the incentive which this precedentmust give to in^.reased efficiency in the Regiment.By order,(Signed,) J. GiUBS Ridout,Lieutenant-Colonel A. Brunei succeededCaptain and Adjutantcommand and at once issued the subjoined ordersto the vacantHeadquarters 10th Royal Regiment, TorontoVolunteers.Regimental OrderToronto, Aug. 8th, 186.'5.1. The Lieutenant-Colonel, in assuming command ofthe Regiment, earnestly invites the active co-operationof all ranks in maintaining the corps in a state ofefficiency worthy of the spirit in which it was organized,and such as while sustaining the reputation of the Regimentwill satisfy the just expectations of the Commanderin-Chief.

48 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.2. The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding is convincedthat every officer will zealously devote himself to themaintenance of efficiency and the support of discipline,and that while doing so they will take such a generousinterest in the welfare of their men as will in somemeasure compensate them for any sacrifices they may becalled upon to make in discharging their duty asvolunteers.3. And he is equally confident that the non-commissionedofficers and men will evince a soldierly appreciationof the value of discipline and of the importanceof the implicit obedience toorders while on duty, whichis essential to the efficiency of the Regiment, and willbest demonstrate the manly self-respect characteristic ofmen who know the value of the privileges they arearmed to defend.4. In urging on every member of the corps the zealousdischarge of their respective duties, the LieutenantColonel desires not to be forgetful of his own responsibilities.While on duty with the regiment, he will requiresuch obedience to orders as is due to the Queen's commission,which he has the honor to hold, and he will insiston the maintenance of that discipline, without which aregiment degenerates into an armed mob, dangerous onlyto its friends. But he will also recognize in every wellconductedmember of the corps a comrade and a friend,whose welfare it will be his pleasure and his duty topromote on all fitting occasions.By Order,(Signed,) J. GiBBS RiDOUT,Capt. and Adjt.

THE FENIAN RAIL. 49There was a good soldierly ring in this order, andevery one who wished well to the 10th, was pleasedthat Lieutenant -Colonel Brunei had the courage to sayplainly what he meant, what he wanted, and what, sofar as he was able, he intended to exact.Towards the close of the year 1865, much anxiety wascaused throughout the Province by the possibility, if notthe extreme probability oftroubles arising on the Canadianfrontier, by raids from what were known as theFenians, an alien body inimical to Great Britain, locatedin the United States, and who pursued their nefariousmodes of procedure in defiance of the American Republicand of everyone else but themselves. In consequence ofthis state of feeling, the following " General Order " wasissued.Head-Quarters,Ottawa, loth Nov., 1865.Militia General Orders,—His Excellency, the Administrator of the Government,and Commander-in-chief, having had under considerationthe possibility of raids or predatory incursons on thefrontier of Canada, may be attempted during the winter,by persons ill-disposed to Her Majesty's Government, tothe prejudice of the Province, and the annoyance and injuryof Her Majesty's subjects therein.And being impressed with the importance of aidingHer Majesty's troops in repelling such attempts, and withthat purpose of placing a portion of the Volunteer Forceon active service.His Excellency directsThat one Volunteer company be called out for service,for as long a period as may be thought necessary byD

:—50 HISTORY OP THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.His Excellency, from each of the undermentioned places,viz,Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Morrisburg, Toronto, PortHope, Hamilton, Woodstock, London—thecompanies socalled out to be stationed at such places as His Excellency,the Lieutenant-General commanding shall direct.And that the said Volunteer Force shall, during thetime it remains on active service, be placed under thecommand of His Excellency, Lieutenant-General Sir JohnMichel, commanding Her Majesty's forces in NorthAmerica ; that it shall be subject to the Queen's regulationsand orders for the Army, to the Rules and Articlesof War, to the Act forpunishing mutiny and desertion,and to all other laws applicable to Her Majesty's troopsin this Province, not inconsistentwith the Acts respectingthe Volunteer Militia.Consequent upon the resignation of Lieutenant-ColonelCumberland, Captain James Worthington succeeded tothe Majority rendered vacant by Major Brunei's promotionto the command of the regiment. Lieutenant WilliamStcllery obtaining the Captaincy thus vacated.In Nov. 1865,Major John Worthington retired fromthe regiment retaining his rank, his resignation beingpublished in the Gazette issued on Nov. 10th.Captain Ridout also resigned the Adjutancy, but didnot sever his connection with the regiment.Lieutenant George McMurrich was appointed Adjutantin place of Captain Ridout, and the following promotionsand appointments were also gazetted on the same day.10th Royals, No. 4 CompanyTo be Lieutenant, Ensign Arthur Coleman vice Stollery,promoted.

—THE FENIAN RAID. 61To be Surgeon, Dr. James H. Richardson, M.D.M.R.C.S^To be Assistant Surgeon, Dr. James Newcombe, M.DM.R.C.S.A little later there were yet more appointments andpromotions notified thus :General Orders.Head-Quarters.Ottawa, Dec. 1st, 1865.10th Battalion Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.To be Lieutenants, Ensign John M. Lawrence, viceMcMurrich, appointed Adjutant ; Ensign Charles Connon,vice James Isaac Dickey, removed.To be Ensigns (temporary), Charles James Henry Winstanley,Gentleman, Military School, vice Lawrence, promoted;Lewellyn H. Robertson, Gentleman, MilitarySehool, vice Connon, promoted ; Walter H. Barrett, Gentleman,Military School, vice Coleman, promoted.Lieutenant L. P. Sherwood severed his connection withthe 10th. Dec. l()th, 1865, he on that day being promotedto a Captaincy in the Q O. R Ensign Harry J. Brownewas promoted to the Lieutenancy made vacant by thepromotion of Captain Sherwood.There are various contradictions in the Gazette respectingthe ranks of officers, for instance, Ensign Hetheringtonis mentioned January 10th, 1866, as having obtaineda Certificate, whereas Mr. Hetherington's appointmentto an Ensigncy does not appear in the Gazette untilFeb. 2nd, just one fortnight later.On Feb. 2nd, the Gazette contained the following notifications:10th Battalion Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.

——52 HiSTORY OF- THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be Major, Captain John Boxall, vice Worthington,resigned.To be Captain, Lieutenant and Adjutant McMurrich,vice Steward, whose resignation is hereby accepted.To be Ensign, John W. H. Hetherington, Gentleman.Lieutenant C. H. Connon assumed the duties ofAdjutantin succession to Lieutenant McMurrich, promoted onthe same date.March, 1866, was a stirring time for the MiHtia. Onthe 8th day of that nionth was issued the following" General Order."" His Excellency the Governor-General and Commander-in-Chiefdirects that the 10th Royal Regiment TorontoVolunteers be called out for service ; that the said corpsbe immediately assembled and billeted at their respectiveheadquarters,there to await such orders as may bedirected by the Commander-in-Chief."Of course the 10th Royals was only one among a greatmany others who received a similar order.A long list of promotions and appointments appearedin the Gazette of March 2:3rd, 1866. They were as follows:10th Battalion Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.To be Captain, Lieutenant J.W. Lawrence, vice Richey,appointed Pay Master.To be LieutenantsEnsign James H. V/instanley, temporary. Military College,vice Lawrence, promoted.Ensign Frederick Richardson, viceAdjutant.To be Acting Ensigns (temporary)Connon, appointed

———:THE FENIAN RAID. 53Captain J.VV. Rolph, from 5th Battalion Service Militia,York.Lieutenant G. A. Shaw, from 3rd Battalion ServiceMilitia, York.To be Pay MasterCaptain John Richey, from No. 7 Company.10th Battalion Royal Volunteers of Toiionto.To be CaptainLieutenant T. Brunei, vice Boxall, promoted, to datefrom the 22nd.To be LieutenantsEnsign John W. Hetherington, viceLieutenant Mitchell is allowed torank.To be Ensigns (temporary)George Brunei, Gentleman, Military School.Brunei, promoted.retire, retaining hisAlexander James Robertson, Gentleman, MilitarySchool.The following letters appeared in the Gazette on thedate given, they were as follows :Head Quarters.Ottawa, 20th April, 18(36.General Orders.Volunteer Militia.No. 1.His Excellency the Governor-General and Commanderin-Chiefhas pleasure in publishing the following letterfor the information of the Volunteer Force in Canada" My Lord,—"DovvNiNfJ Street, 31st March, 1866." I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt ofyour Lordship's despatch of the 9tb March, transmitting

54 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.a copy of an Approved Minute ofthe Executive Councilof Canada, in which your Ministers signify their concurrencein the recommendation of the Minister of Militiafor calling out a force of ten thousand volunteers in consequenceof the threatened raid of the Fenian conspiratorsupon Canada."Your Lordship also reports, in the same despatchthe alacrity with which the summons has been answered." I have to signify to your Lordship the unqualifiedgratification felt by Her Majesty's Government, at theprompt and loyal spirit which the volunteers of Canadahave so signally manifested on this occasion." I have, etc.,"(Signed,) Edward Cardwell."On May 24th, 1866, the 10th paraded, six companiesstrong, under command of Lieut. Col. Brunei, the othertroops with whom they were brigaded, being H. M. 47thFoot, the Q. O. R. of Canada, Garrison Militia Artilleryand the Governor-General's Body guard. After parade,Sergeant Rogers, No. 5 Company, was presented by theofficers and men of the company ..ith a sword, he beingappointed armorer sergeant to the battalion.On May 25th, 1866, the following regimental orderwas published :" The Lieutenant-Colonel desires to express his high appreciationof the good conduct of the officers, N, C. O's.,and men of the regiment since tliey have been called outfor active duty, and to thank them for the readiness withwhich they have yielded to discipline."The rngiment had been under arms in anticipation oftrouble from Fenian sources, but it was thought that the

Fenians had given up theirTHE FENIAN RAID. 66foolhardy projects, and thatit was not necessary to keep the 10th embodied ;few days though sufficed to dispel this illusion.a verySo completelywas the fear of trouble at rest, that even theguard over the drill shed, which had been furnished bythe various regiments, was discontinued by Garrisonorder, dated May 28th, 1866.The Fenian Raid of 1860, is now a matter of somewhatancient history, and excepting for the part played in assistingto restore order by the 10th Royals and otherCanadian militia regiments, would possess little interestto any one. On the morning of June 1st, the 10thRoyals assembled and received peremptory orders to proceedto St. Catharines by train, at 4.30 the same day,Major Boxall commanded, vv^ith the following officers incommand of companies 1 to 8 respectively. CaptainsMcMurrich, Hamilton, Moberley, Stollery, Musson, Lawrence,Hetherington and Brunei, Lieut. -Colonel Bruneiwas in Montreal at the time, and as the troops wereordered oft' at only a few hours notice he was unable toget back so as to march with his men, though he assumedthe command on the frontier a few days later. The10th saw no actual warfare on this occasion, but weregreatly praised for their excellent behaviour and discipline.While in camp at Fort Erie no passes were allowed onany pretence, sickness, of course, excepted, and officerswere required to report themselves to the commandingofficer before leaving and on returning to camp.The 10th while at Fort Erie furnished each day apatrol, consisting of one sergeant, one corporal and six

:66 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.men, also an outlying picquet, to " guard the rear of thecamp ; " the orders do not say how many men were onthe picquet.In the camp orders issued June 5, 18G6, LieutenantDawson, 47th Regiment, was appointed Brigade Major.This same officer subsequently served as Major with theRoyal Grenadiers in the North- West campaign, andeventually commanded the regiment.A general order was issued after the Fenian Raid ; itwas as followsHead Quarters,Ottawa, 22nd June, 18G6.General OrdersVolunteer Militia.No. .In releasing the volunteers for the present from activeduty, the Commander-in-Chief desires to make knownto the officers, non-commissioned officers and men offorce, the pride and satisfaction with which he hasthewitnessedthe patriotism and energy displayed by them intheir instantaneous response to the call to arms.The Commander-in-Chief wishes to express his admirationof the promptitude with which, on the only occasionwhen an opportunity was affiDrded them ofmeetingthe enemy, the volunteers went under fire, and his deepsympathy with the friends and relatives of those whothere met a soldier's death.The discipline and good conduct ofthe force while onservice has secured the approbation of their militarycommanders, and has been most favorably reported onto the Commander-in-Chief.

LIELT.-COL. G. D. DAWSON.

58 HLSTOllY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Canada, relative to the Fenian movement in that provinceand to the measures taken by the Colonists for repellingany Fenian attack, I am directed by the F. M^Commanding-in-Chief, to request that you will acquaintthe Secretary of State for War that H.R.H. having observedthe alacrity, loyalty and zeal shown by the Volunteers and Militia forces of Canada, in having comeforward for the defence of the colony on the late tryingoccasion in support of the troops, is very desirous of expressingto the Force his full appreciation of their gallantand energetic behaviour, and the very great gratiticationand satisfaction he has thereby experienced. * * *I am Sir,Your obedient servant,(Signed) W. F. Foster,Militarij Secretary.The Under Secretary of State for War.On August 13th, 18G(j, the1 0th were by J^rigade orderordered to be ready to move into camp on August 17,they were " to take no personal ett'octs beyond knapsacks."Accordingly on Friday, August 17, the lOthtook their departuie from Toronto on board the steamerOsprey for St. Catharines, en route to Thorold. Theywere served out each man with fifty rounds of ball cartridge,though only going " into camp " for eight days,military authorities evidently thought it best to be readyfor the worst.The camp passed off though witliout any incidentoccurring outside the daily routine of military duty,drills and parades followed each other with regularity,and there was nothing to disturb anyone.

:;THE FENIAN RAID. 59There were yet more changes in the Regiment towardsthe end of the year, they were as contained in the followingextractOttawa, December 28th, 18G6.10th Battalion Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.To be Captains, Lieutenant John Patterson, vice Sherwoodwhose resignation is hereby accepted ; LieutenantArthur Coleman, vice Lawrence whose resignation ishereby accepted.To be Lieutenants, Ensign George Brunei, M.S., vicePatterson promoted ; Ensign George Alexander Shaw,M.S., vice Coleman promoted.To be Ensigns, Frederick Barlow Cumberland, gentleman,temporary, M. S., vice Hetherington promotedJ^rancis E. Boswell, gentleman, temporary, M.S., viceRichardson promoted; F. H. Noverre, gentleman, viceBarrett promoted ; Robert L. Killaly, gentleman, t

:60 history of the lloyal grenadiers.Glneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 15th February, 1867.No. 3. The following officers of the Volunteer Militiaand candidates for appointments therein, having appearedbefore Boards of officers at Kingston and Toronto, forthe purpose ofhaving their qualification tested have receivedcertificates as follows, viz.:Captain Harry John Browne, 10th Royals, Toronto.Captain John Watson Hetherington, 10th Royals,Toronto.10th Battalion Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.April 5th, 1867.To be Ensign, William D. Rogers, gentleman, vice Shawpromoted.A very important change in the armament of the corpstook place in June, 1867, when the Spencer rifles in possessionof the regiment were called into store, and" Snider Enfields " issued in their place. What a changefrom the armament of the active militia as it had beenonly a few years earlier. Then, anything was goodenough to arm them with, but in 1867 nothing was toogood.Queen's Birthday parade in 1867 passed off as usual,and on July Ist, 1867, the first Dominion Day was celebratedby a parade of the 10th and other militia regiments.Under the new Constitution of the country it isinterestingto note who were the first Dominion ofiicers in the10th Royals, Their names are contained in the followingextract from the Gazette

:the fenian raid. 61Head Quarters,Ottawa, 9th August, 1867.General Orders.VOLUNTEFR MiLlTIA.No. 1.Tenth BattaUon Royal Regiment Toronto Volunteers.To be Lieutenants, En8i

:62 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Thomas Thompson, Esquire, vice Musson, resigned.To be Lieutenant, William Adamson, vice Connon, resigned.To be Ensigns (temporary), James Wiley and WilliamJohn Ramsey, M. S.There was little to note in the next few months, butin the late spring of the next year there were againmany changes notified officially thusHead Quarters,Ottawa, 8th May, 1868.General Orders.Volunteer Militlv.No. 2. Tenth Battalion Royal Regiment of TorontoVolunteers.To be Captains, Lieut. Walter H. Barrett, viceJ. Paterson,resigned.Lieut. Fred B. Cumberland (temporary), M. S., vice G.R. Hamilton, resigned.Lieut. Wm. D. Rogers, vice Browne, appointed adjutant.Lieut. George A. Boomer (temporary), M.S.To be Lieutenants, Ensign Alex. J. Robertson (temporary),M.S., vice Barrett, promoted.Ensign W. H. Noverre, vice Cumberland, promoted.Ensign Lewis H. Moti'att (temporary), M. S., viceRogers, promoted.Ensign Philip Vankonghnet (temporary), M. S., viceBoomer, promoted.Ensign William John Ramsey (temporary), M.S., vic6C. J. H. Winstanley, resigned.Joseph Marshall, vice Frederick Richardson, resigned.

THE FENIAN tlAlD. 63To be Ensigns, Andrew Fleming, acting till furtherorders, vice Robertson, promoted.Wm. H. Dudley, vice Noverre, promoted.Ebcnezer Bryant, vice IVrofFatt, promoted.The resignation of Ensign J. W. Rolph is hereby accepted.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 15th May, 1868.General Orders.VOLLNTEER MiLlTIA.No. 2. Tenth, or Royal Regiment of Toronto Volunteers.Ensign Andrew Fleming, having obtainedthe necessarycertificate of qualification, is now confirmed in hisrank from the date of his appointment.There was the usual Queen's Birthday parade onMay24th, 1808, at which the regiment made a good showingand on Monday, June 22nd, formed a portion of the Brigadewhich assembled on the Spadina-avenue commonfor inspection by the Major-General commanding thetroops in Canada.Only one change took place in the commissioned ranksof the ] 0th during the rest of year, it was this :To be Ensign (tempora^-y), Edwin G. Curtiss, M.S., viceRolph, resigned. Dated, July 12th, 1868.Promotions and appointments, resignations and retirements,followed thick and fast in those days among theofl^cers of the lOtli. In the seven and a half years thecorps had been embodied, it had had nearly one hundredofficers, and yet they came and yet they went.A long list of changes appeared in the Gazette of July16th, 1809, and to understand them better, G. O.'s issuedon September 10th and November V2i\i, 18G9, are alsogiven. They were as follows :

:64 history of the -loyal grenadiers.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 10th July, 1869.General Orders.Volunteer Militia.No. 2. Tenth Royal Regiment of Toronto Volunteers.To be Major, Captain William Stollery, vice JamesWorthington, who is allowed to retii'e, retaining his rank.To be Captain, Lieutenant Lewis H. Moffatt, M.S., viceStollery, promoted.To be Lieutenants, Ensign Wm. H. Dudley, vice Moffatt,promoted.Ensign Edwin G. Curtiss, vice Robertson, resigned.The resignations of the following officers are herebyaccepted, viz.Captain G. A. Boomer.Captain and Adjutant, H. J.Browne.Ensign F. E. Boswell.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 23rd July, 1869.General Orders.Volunteer Militia.No. 3. Tenth Royal Regiment of Toronto Volunteers.To be Captain, Ensign Andrew Fleming, vice Boomer,resigned.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 10th Sept., 1869.General Oiiders.Volunteer Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battallion or Royal Regiment of TorontoVolunteers.With reference to the General Order No. 2, of the 16thJuly last, Captain and Adjutant H. J. Browne, is nowpermitted to retire, retaining his rank.•'

:the fenian raid. 65Head Quartebs,Ottawa, 12th Nov., 1869.General Orders.Unattached List.No. 1.To be Captain, Lieutenant Edwin G. Ciirtiss, from 10thBattalion Vohinteer Militia, Toronto.The regiment was inspected by the Adjutant-General,on September 2.'3rd, 1869, and the result was that theyreceived unstinted praise from that official, he complimentingthem " on the excellent condition ofclothing and accoutrements, and oftheir arms,their manly and soldierlikeappearance on parade."On October 2nd, 1869, the regiment paraded for inspectionby H.R.H., Prince Arthur, who distributed theprizes gained by the men in the rifle matches. On October4th, appeared the following Regimental Order, whichspeaks for itselfRegimental Ordkr." The Lieut.-Colonel has been commanded by H.R.H.,Prince Arthur, to express to the regiment the gratificationhe felt in presenting the prizes on the 2n(l inst., andthe more especially as never before having been calledupon to act in a similar capacity, it was peculiai-ly agreeableto H.R.H. that the first occasion of such a natureshould, be in connection with a regiment of Canadianvolunteers."The regiment received a General Order from HeadQuarters, dated 2nd June, 1870, to the effect that ": Referringto paragrapli 54 ofthe " Regulations and Ordersfor the Active Militia, etc.," 1870, it is hereby notifiedE

:66 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.that promotions are, and shall so continue to be, made'according to seniority.'"The year 1870 saw just as many changes among thecommissioned ranks of the 10th, as had any of thosewhich had preceded it, there being no less than twelvenew appointments in June alone. In that month theGazette contained the following noticeGeneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 30th June, 1870.Volunteer Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment of TorontoVolunteers.To be Captains,lieutenant William Adamson, V.B.,vice G. McMurrich, retired retaining rank.Lieutenant William John Ramsey, V.B., vice W. H.Barrett, retired retaining rank.Lieutenant Joseph Marshall, V.B., M.S., vice W. D.Rogers, retired retaining rank.To be Lieutenant, Ensign Ebenezer Brant, V.B., viceMarshall, promoted.Benjamin Coleman, V.B., vice Adamson, promoted.To be Ensigns, Andrew Anderson, M.S., vi^ Bryant,promoted.John B. Allison, M.S., vice J. S. Capreole, resigned.Powell Martin, M.S., vice J.Wiley, left limits.N. Gordon Bigelow, (provisionally.)Malcolm Morrison, (provisionally.)Charles Price, (provisionally.)Daniel Spry, (provisionally.)

General Ordeks (6)Active Militia.—THE FENIAN RAID. 67The resignation of Lieut. A. J. Robertson is herebyaccepted.In October, 1870, a General Order was issued orderingthat " The drill of the regiment will hereafter be in accordancewith the Field Exercise published by authorityfor 1870."Two more appointments were gazetted just at the endof the year, they were these :General Orders.Head Quarters.Ottawa, 7th December, 1870.Volunteer Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment of TorontoVolunteers.To be Lieutenants, Ensign P. IVlartin, ]\I.S., vice E,Bryant, left limits.John Patterson, M.S., vice P. Van Koughnet, left limits.Lieutenant-Colonel Brunei retired from the commandof the 10th Royals in January, 1871, though it was notofficially announced until thefollowing month, when onFebruary 24th the Gazette contained this notice :No. 2. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenant-Colonei, Major John Boxall, V.B.,vice A. Brunei, retired, retaining rank.On April 6th following. Captain John Watson Hetheringtonwas promoted to the majority rendered vacantby Major Boxall's promotion.

——:68 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.In June, 1871, the regiment went into camp at iS'iagaraand when it was broken up was favorably reported onby the inspecting officers. In the following year theywere also encamped at the same place, from June 13thto 26th, and again received commendation for their appearanceand drill.On June 2nd, 1S71, the following appointments andresignations appeared in the Gazette :No. 4. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment of Toronto.To be Lieutenant, Ensign Andrew Anderson, M.S.,vice B. Coleman, left limits.The resignations of Ensign Malcolm Morrison andDaniel Spry arehereby accepted.This was succeeded on June 6th by the order following:General Orders.No. 8. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment of Toronto.To be Captain, Lieutenant George Brunei, M.S., viceHetherington, promoted.From May, until September in 1872, almost everyofficer in the 10th Royals who had held a commission onthe preceding New Year's Day, left the corps, as is witnessedby the following extracts from the GazeMeHead Quarters,—Ottawa, 10th May, 1872.General Order (1:^).,Active Militia.No, 3. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenant, Robert F. Joseph, M.S.

THE FENIAN RAID.G9To be Ensigns, Edwcard A. Millard, M.S., vice Anderson,promoted.Thomas T. Rolph, M.S., vice Martin, promoted.R. G. Hirschfelder, M.S., vice Morrison, resigned.John T. Thompson, M.S., vice Spry, resigned.William Henry Weston, M.S., vice J, B. Allison, leftlimits.John Bailey, M.S., vice C. Price, retired on accountofill-health.W. A. Phipps (provisionally).Captain and Paymaster Rufus Skinner ishereby permittedto retire with the honorary lank ofGeneral Orders (16)Head Quarteks,Active Militia.Captain.Ottawa, 7th June, 1872.No. 1. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment of Toronto.To be Captains, Lieutenant Frank H. Noverre, V.B.,vice William Adamson, who isretaining rank, as a special ca.se.hereby permitted to retireLieutenant John Patterson, ]\I.S., vice T ewis H.Mofi'at, retired retaining rank.Lieutenant Andrew Anderson, M S.. vice F. B. Cumberland,left limits.To be Lieutenants, Ensign Edward A. Millard, M.S.,vice Noverre, promoted.Ensign T. Rolph, M.S., vice Patterson, promoted.Ensign R. G. Hirschfelder, M.S., vice Anderson, promoted.Ensign John T. Thompson, M.S.

70 HISTORY- OF THE ROYAL ORENADIERS.Ensign William llunry Weston, M.S., vice W. H.Dudley, resigned.Ensign John Bailey, M.S.Ensign W. A. Phipps, M.S.To be Ensigns, Samuel Lawrence, M.S., vice Biifelow,appointed Paymaster.W. B. Oanavan, M.S., vice Millard, promoted.Robert T. Martin, M.S., viceRolph, promoted.Albert Bradley, provisionally, vice Hirscht'elder, promoted.James Ramsay, provisionally, vice Thompson, promoted.Gilbert Brown, provisionally, vice Bailey, promoted.E. F. Green, provisionally, vice Phipps, promoted.Arthur Chapman, provisionally, vice Weston, promoted.Robert S. Martin, provisionally.To be Paymaster, Ensign Nelson Gordon Bigelow, viceSkinner, retired.To be Quartermaster, John Metcalfe, vice D. McLellan^left limits..,,; ,To be Assistant-Surgeon, James Elliott Graham, Esquire,M.D., vice James Newcombe, leftGeneral Orders (19),limits.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 12th July, 187*2.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Ensign from 13th June, 1872, William HenryCooper, M.S.

:the fenian raid. 71Head Quarters,Ottawa, 6th SeptemLer, 1892.General Orders.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenant, Ensign Samuel Lawrence, M.S.From many causes, during the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Boxall, the 10th Royals did not progress or evenmaintain its standing ;for one thing, the excitementcaused by the Fenian Raid had entirely subsided, andfor another, there was not much interest at that timetaken by the general public either in the corps or in itsaffairs.The following promotions and appointments occurredearly in ] 873. They were thus gazetted :General Orders.Active Militia.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 14th Feb., 1873.No. 1, Tenth Battalion of Infantry, or Royals, Toronto.To be Captain : Lieutenant Powell Martin, M. S.. viceJ. Marshall, left limits.To be Lieutenant : Ensign William B. Canavan, M. S.,vice Martin promoted.To be Ensigns: H. J. Hill, M. S., vice Canavan promoted.J. T. Jones, provisionally, vice R. T. Martin, left limits.The foregoing were shortly afterwards followed bythese

72 history- of the royal grenadiers.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 25th April, 1873.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, or Royals, Toronto.To be Captains : Lieutenant Thomas T. Rolph, M.S.,vice P.Martin, appointed Adjutant.Lieutenant Rudolph G. Hirsehfelder, M.S., vice GeorgeBrowne;, left limits.To be Ensigns : Alfred E. Hirsehfelder, M.S., vice G.Browne, deceased.Frederick W. Unitt, M.S., vice R. S. Martin, deceased.To be Adjutant : Captain Powell Martin, M.S., viceH. J. Browne, retired.The resignation of Lieutenant Robert F. Joseph ishereby accepted.Memo.—Adverting to G. 0., 14th February, 1873,Captain Powell Martin takesrank as Captain from 7thJune, 1872, next after Captain Frank H. Noverre.On November 21st, 1873, Lieutenant -Colonel Boxallretired from the command of the 10th, accompanied byMajor J. W. Hetherington, and Major Stollery assumedcommand. For two years the lOth had no Lieutenant-Colonel, Major Stollery, though in command, not beinggazetted to the Lieutenant- Colonelcy until November5th, 1875.On December 2r)th, 1873, the following General Orderappeared :No. 1. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, or Royals, Toronto.To bo Major, Captain and Brevet Major, Arthur Coleman,V.B., vice J. W. Hetherington.

:THE FENIAN RAID. 73On February 27th, 1874, Captain and Adjutant Powellretired from the regiment, the fact of his doing soduly published from Head Quarters.beingThere were several more changes in the 10th duringApril and May in the same year, they were publishedthusGeneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, lOtli April, 1874.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Captains : Lieutenant John T. Thompson, M.S.,vice A. Coleman promoted.Lieutenant William Birch Canavan, M. S., vice G. A.Shaw appointed Adjutant.To be Lieutenant : Ensign Arthur Chapman, M.S., viceE. A. Millard, deceased.Ensign Henry J.Ensign Alfred E. Hirschfelder,M.S., vice R. G. Hirchfelderpromoted.Hill, M.S., vice T. T. Rolph, promoted.Ensign F. W. Unitt, M.S., vice J. T. Thompson promoted.To be Ensign :FrederickA. Caston, M.S., vice AlbertBradley left limits.Samuel Piatt, M.S., vice James Ramsay resigned.Edwin D. A. De la Hooke, M.S, vice J. T. Jones resigned.Allan Stuart Scott, provisionally, vice W. H. Cooperresigned.To be Adjutant :Alexander Shaw, M.S., vice P. Martin.Captainand Brevet Major Georgo

:74 history' of the royal grenadiers.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 8th May, 1874.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth BattaHon, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.Adverting to No. 1 of General Orders, 25th April, 1873,the acceptance of the resignation of Lieutenant RobertF. Joseph is hereby cancelled. Lieutenant Joseph revertingto his former position in the Battalion.The usual drills and inspections took place in 1874and 1875, but unfortunately matters in the 10th were ata very low ebb, and it was felt by everyone that changesmust, sooner or later, be effected or the regiment wouldcease to exist except upon paper.Ensign Gaston, now the senior Captain of the RoyalGrenadiers h^d joined the 10th in April, as did severalothers whose names have already been given. In thecourse ofthus notifiedGeneral Ordkrs.the summer yet more changes were made and. Ottawa,Head Quarters,13th August, 1875.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Captain : Lieutenant William Henrj; Weston,M.S., vice R. G. Hirschfelder, left limits.To be Lieutenant: Ensign F. A. Caston, M.S., viceRobert F. Joseph, resigned.To be Ensign provisionally :Charles Reid, vice Caston,promoted.Edwin Alf. Mumford, vice Allan Stuart Scott, resigned-

the fenian raid. 76General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, Lst (October, 1875.Active Militia.No. 2. Tentli Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto,'^i'o be Captain : Lieutenant John Bailey, M.S., viceWilliam John Ramsay, retired retainiiiL^ rank.General Orders.AcTivK Militia.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 5th Nov., 1875.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenant-Colonel : Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel,William Stollery, V.B., vice Boxall, retired.General OrdersHead Quarters,Ottawa, 19th Nov., 1875.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Ren-iiDont, Toronto.To be Ensign, Joseph H. Mead, M.!:?., vice Hill, promoted.General Orders (32).Active Militia.Head Quartkrs,Ottawa, 8r(l Dec, 1875.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Major : Brevet Major and Adjutant, George Alex.Shaw, M.S., vice Hetherington.

——76 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be Adjutant: Lieutenant Frederick W. Uuitt, M.S.,vice Shaw.For a time in 1876 it looked as if the 10th weregoing to pull themselves together, there being very fewresignations among the officers, and the companies maintainingtheii" strength. On June 2nd, Ensign Scott retired,and G. B. Gordon was appointed to the vacant Ensigncy.In December the Gazette contained this notification:General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 15th December, 1876Active Militia.No. 8. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenants : Ensign Edwin D. A. De la Hooke,M.S., vice Sanniel Lawrence, retired.Ensign Joseph H. Mead, M.S.'J'o be Ensigns, provisionally : L. A. Lovekin, viceSamuel Piatt, resigned.W. G. Andrews, vice Edwin Alfred Mumford, resigned.Alexander A. Leith, vice De la Hooke, promoted.Frederick Deane Griffith, vice Mead, promoted.Among the winners of gold medals by the Wimbledondetachment of 1875, were three members ofthe 10th Battalion, viz. :—Privates James R. Mills, Wm.Crint, and A. Bell.Their names were recorded and publishedin the General Orders issued from Ottawa onMarch 9th, 1877, more than eighteen months after theevent.The changes in the Regiment during 1877 were notvery numerous. They are thus recorded :

Militia General Orders.the fenian raid. 77Head Quarters,Ottawa, 9th March, 1877.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Ensign, provisionally, William Alexander Bell.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 22nd June, 1877.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, of Toronto.To be Ensign, provisionally : Quarter Master Sergeant-George Maurice Furnival, vice G. B. Gordon, resigned.The resignation of Ensign W. G. Andrews is herebyaccepted.Militia Gener/l Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 24th i\ugust, 1877.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Ensign, provisionally : Henry McCulloch, viceAndrews, resigned."Head Quarters,Ottawa, 21st December, 1877General Orders.Active Militia.No. 6.Tenth Battalion, or Royal Regiment, Toronto.Captain Frank A. Noverre and Lieutenant ArthurWcllesley Chapman are hereby permitted to retire, retainingtheir respective ranks.

—78 HISTORY "OF THE ROYAL GRKNADIERS.On March 18tli, 1878, a detachment of the 10th wereordered out for active service, " in aid of civil power,"consisting of Captains Anderson, Thompson, a suhalternand 80 men. They were under arms for two days.Unhappily in 1878 the changes in the 10th were verynumerous. They were the following:General Orders,Head Quar'I'ki^s,Ottawa, i5th March, 1878.Active Militia.No. 4.Tenth Battalion of Infantry, or Royal RegimentToronto.To be Ensigns :Hirschfelder, promoted.SergeantThomas Flynn, M.S., viceSergeant William M. Cooper, provisionally, vice ITnitt,promoted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 18th April, 1878.Active Militia. .No. 7. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, or Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Captain :M. S., vice Noverre, retired.General Orders.LieutenantWilliam Arthur Phipps,Active Militia.Hkad Quart krs,Ottawa, 19th July, 1878.No. 2. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.

To be Captain : LieutenantTHE FENIAN RAID. 79Henry J. Hill, M.S., viceWilliam Birch Canavan, retired, retaining rank.To be Lieutenants: Ensign Charles Reid, V.B., viceChapman, retired.Ensign Thomas Flynn, M.S., vice Hill, promoted.Lieutenant jmd Adjutant Frederick W. I^nitt, M.S., tohave the rank ofGeneral Orders.Captain.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 2nd August, 1878.Active MiLriTA.No, 5. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Assistant-Surgeon : JohnHenry McCollum,Esquire, vice James Elliott Graham, whose resignation ishereby accepted.General Orders.Head Quartkrs,Ottawa, 6th September, 1878.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth l)attalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Captain :Lieutenant Edwin D. A. De la Hooke,M.S., vice Thomas Thompson retired retaining rank.To be -ind Lieutenants : John Cleghorn, V.B., viceHenry McCulloch, left limits.Sergeant Neil McEachren (pj-ovisionally) vice Flynn,promoted.

80 history. of the royal grenadiers.Head Quarters,General Orders.Ottawa, 4th October, 1878.Active Militia.No. 4 Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Ref^iment,Toronto.M(^mo.— No. 2 of General Orders (20), 6th September,1878, is hereby amended in the appointments " To beLieutenant " by substituting the words " John Cleghorn,V.B,, from Retired List of Captains," for John Cleghorn,Gentleman, V.B.Head Quarters,General Orders.Ottawa, 27th December, 1878.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.Major Arthur Coleman is hereby permitted to retire,retaining rank.The resignativ^n of Captain Andrew Fleming is herebyaccepted.In 1879 Captain Anderson and 2nd Lieutenant Millsof tlie 10th Royals formed a portion of the team sentfrom Canada to Wimbledon to the great annual rifleshooting contest.The year 1879 was an eventful one for the 10th Royalsif the changes among its officers is any criterion, theywere very numerous, a long list appeared early in theyear, it was as follows :

—the fenian raid. 81General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 7th February, 1879.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Captain :Fleming', ref;.igned.LieutenantF. A. Gaston, M.S., viceTo be Lieutenants : 2nd Lieutenant and Hon. Captain,John Cleghorn, V.B., vice Caston, promoted.2nd Lieutenant George Maurice Furnival, V.B., viceHill, promoted.2nd Lieutenant William M. Cooper, V.B., vice De laHooke, promoted.To bp 2nd Lieutenant :vice Cleghorn, promoted.WilliamM. McSpadden, M.S.^Sergeant C. H. Smith (provisionally), vice Furnival,promoted.William Manly German (provisionally), late LieutenantNo 1. Company, 15th Battalion, vice Cooper,promoted.The foregoing was followed by this :Genekal Orders.Active Militia.Head Quarters,Ottawa, IGth May, 1879.No. 2. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Lieutenant :M.S., vice Hirschfelder, transferred,F2ud Lieutenant W. M. McSpadden,

——82 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be 2jk1 Lieutenants : EdwinFlynn, promoted.A. Smith, M.S., vicePrivate James Robert Mills (provisionally) vice McSpadden,promoted.The following interesting G. 0. was issued towards theend of:the summer of 1879Head Quarters,Ottawa, 1st August, 1879.General Orders.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.This Battalion is hereby permitted to adopt and useon the helmet plate, the following description of badge :In centre on shield, figure 10 with crown on top ;behindboth, and showing above crown and 10, a sheaf of spears ;on dexter side, Thistle and Shamrock ; on sinister side,Roses, and in base. Maple Leaves. The shield surroundedwith garter, bearing the motto, '' Ready, aye Ready,"which is surrounded by a wreath of laurel leaves, behindwhich and extending outside wreath, a military star.The whole surmounted by a Royal Crown.Tb'j resignation of 2nd Lieutenant Charles R. Smithwas notified on the same date.On December otli, 1879, Lieutenant-Colonel Stolleryretired from the regiment, retaining his rank.Captains Thomas T. Rolph, W. H. Weston, and HenryJ. Hili, retired on the same date, and the Gazette containedin addil.ion the following notifications :2nd Lieutenant L. A. Lovekin having left limits, hisname is hereby removed from the list of officers of theactive Militia.

THE FENIAN RAID. 83The re:;ignation of 2n

—84 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Captain and Adjutant Frederick W. Unitt, M.S., ishereby permitted to resign the Adjutancy only.The resignation of 2nd Lieutenant William A. Bell andQuartermaster John Metcalfe is hereby accepted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 12th March, 1880.Active Militia.No. 3.Tenth Battalion, Royal Regiment, Toronto.Surgeon-Major James H. Richardson is hereby permittedto retire, retaining rank.Memo.—Thi.\t portion of No. 4 of General Orders (29),5th December, 1879, dispensing with the services of CaptainsThomas T. Roiph and William Henry Weston ishereby cancelled. Those officers are therefore restoredto the rank and positions previously held by them in theBattalion. That portion of the same General Orderwhich substitutes the resignation of Major Arthur Colemanfor his retirement, " retaining rank," is also herebycancelled, which restores Major Coleman to the list of" retired " officers, retaining rank.After a period of four months, the vacancy in the commandof the 1 0th was filled up by this Order:GeneraiOrders.Active Militia.Head Quarters.Ottawa, 9th April, 1880.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Regiment, Toronto.To be Lieutenant-Col'^nel : Major George AlexanderShaw, M.S., vice Stollery, retired.

THE FENIAN RAID. 85To be Major : Captain Thomas Taylor Rolph, M.S., viceShaw, promoted.To be Surgeon :Assistant-Surgeon John Henry McCollum,M.D., vice Ricbn.rdson, retired.To be Assistant-Surgeon : Robert Allan Pyne, Esquire,M.D., vice McColluni, promoted.Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw had served in the ActiveMilitia for about ten years, and was the grandson andgreat grandson of two famous soldiers. His father hadalso served in the Militia of Canada during the rebellionof 1837. His grandfather was at Waterloo, and hisgreat grandfather, Major-General yEneas Shaw, was aveteran of the Revolutionary War, 1776-1783, and hadserved in Canada during the war of 1812.The fortunes of the lOtli Royals at this particular datewere at a very low ebb, the corps had, from many causes,ceased to be popular in the city, and the question " whatwas to be done " ? exercised the minds of both officers, exofficersand men. What was done will be told in the nextchapter.

CHAPTER V.THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT UNDER LIEUTENANT-COLONELGRASETT.— F-IVE EVENTFl! L YEARS.HROUGHOUT the summer of 1880 manyrumors were current in the city as to thefuture of the 10th Royals. It was painfullyevident to the general public, and fast becominge(]ually evident to the whole of the members^ of the corps, no matter of what rank, that radicalchanges must be effected. Either the regiment had to becompletely reorganized or it had to be disbanded, thequestion was, which of these two was the better course ?The Government o^ the day had decided, in consequenceof the disorganized state ofthe corps, to disbandit, but, owing to the persistent efforts of Lieutenant-ColonelsCumberland and Brunei, the first two commandingofficers, the former practically the founder of the regiment,thi? determination was reconsidered and a mildercourse was adopted, it was decided to entirely reorganizethe battalion under new officers.Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw was willing to retire, beinggreatly chagrined at the course events had taken inthe10th Royals. He was also willing if any aid was requiredfrom him in reconstructing the regiment to giveit.

—THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 87After serious and careful deliberation the Governmentdecided to accept Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw's profferedresignation, and to allow him—despite the fact of hishaving held the command for only a very brief periodto retain his rank. They also decided that the rest ofthe officers should also be retired, while in many casesthey too were allowed to retain their rank. In some instanceswhere officers were retired, they did not retaintheir rank through the fact that they omitted to applyfor the privilege.Assistant-Surgeon R. A. Pyne is a casein point, he was simply retired, yet afterwards was one ofthe Medical Officers chosen by the Dominion Governmentin 1885, to r:port on thewounded men who servedclaims for pension made by thein the North-West campaign,this appointment showing that he was an officer in whomconfidence was placed.The Government decided to appoint a new coinniandingofficer, who, with an entirely different set of officersunder him, would at least have the opportunity ofrefillingthe ranks of the 10th, and of regaining for the corpsthe prestige they had enjoyed under the spirited regivieofLieutenant-Colonels Cumberland and Brunei.In accordance with this plan, simultaneously withthe retirement of Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, a new butnot untried man was gazetted in his place. Le Roi eatmort.Vive le Roi.The following was the order for reconstruction ;

—:;88 history of the royal grenadiers.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 5th Nov., 1880,Active Militia.No. 4, Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Lieutenant-Colonel :Henry James Grasett, Esq.,late of Her Majesty's lOOtli or Royal Canadian Regiment,vice George Alexander Shaw, who ishereby perjnittedto retire, I'etaining rank, as a special case.Captains John T. Thompson, W. H. Weston, and EdwinD. A. de la Hooke, are liereby respectively permittedto retire, retaining rank ; and the resignation of 2ndLieutenant William M. German is hereby accepted.In order to facilitate the re-organization of this Battalion,the following officers are placed on the RetiredList, as stated opposite their respective namesMajor Thomas Taylor Rolph, with rank ofCaptain John Patterson, retaining rank.Captain.Captain William Arthur Phipps, retaining rank.Captain Frederick W. Unitt, retaining rank.Captain Frederick A. Caston, with the rank of Lieutenant.And the following officers are removed from the list ofofficers of the Active Militia :Lieutenants Charles Reid. Thomas Flynn, John Cleghorn,George M. Furnival, William M. Cooper, and W.M. McSpadden ; 2nd Lieutenants Edwin A. Smith, JamesR. Mills, Neil McEachren and Alexander A. Leith (prov.)Paymaster, Nelson Gordon Bigelow ; Surgeon, JohnHenry McCollum, M.D., and Assistant Surgeon, RobertAllenPyne, M.D.

—THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 89As will be seen a little later on this order was somewhataltered by subsequent notices, readers must, so asto get a clear idea ofthe proceedings, read the foregoingwith the notifications that appeared in the Gazette atlater dates."The General Orders issued drring December, 1880,and the first three months of 1881 are given withoutnote or comment, they were these :General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 17th December, 1880.Active Militia.No. 1, Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Majors: George Dudley Dawson,Esquire, (lateLieutenant H. Ms. 47th Foot) ; appointment to datefrom 16th December, 1880.Thomas Taylor Rolph, M.S., from the retired list ofCaptains.To be Lieutenant :LieutenantFrederick FitzpayneManley, V.B., from the 2nd Battalion.To be Paymaster : Robert Mearse Wells, Esquire.To be Surgeon : John Henry McCollum, Es(juire, M.D.To be Quarter- Master : George Strachan CartwrightBethune, Esquire.Memo.—Adverting to No. 4 of General Orders (21), 5thNovember, 1880, in which Lieutenant John Cleghorn isremoved from the list of officers of the Active Militia,that portion of theGeneral Order is hereby amended by

90 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.permitting Lieutenant Cleghorn to revert to the RetiredList ofCaptains.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 13th January, 1881.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Captains : George Anthony Boomer, Esq., M.S.Lewellyn Henry Robertson, Esquire, M.S.To be Lieutenants : Charles Reid, Esquire, V.B.Edwin Arthur Smith, Esq., M.S.John Bruce, Esquire, provisionally.To be 2nd Lieutenants provisionally : Lionel VernonPercival, Esquire.George William Allan, Esquire.To be Assistant- Surgeon : George Sterling Ryerson,Esquire, M.D.GkxNEral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 28th, January, 1881.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment,Toronto.To be Captains :retired list of Lieutenants.Frederick Albert Caston, M.S., fromArthur Bagshaw Harrison, Esquire, C.C.Nicholas Weatherston, Esquire, provisionally.Frank Darling, Esquire, provisionally.

:the reorganization of the regiment. 91General Orders.No. 2.Head Quarters,Ottawa. 25th February, 1881.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Regiment, Toronto.MEMO-Adverting to No 4 of General Orders (21) 5thNovember, 1880, in which certain officers are removedfrom the list of officers of hhe Active Militia for the purposeofcompletely re-organizing the Tenth Battalion, itis now considered advisable to amend that General Orderby placing Paymaster N. G. Bigelow, having relativerank of Captain, on the Retired List, with the honoraryrank of Captain, and by permitting, as a special case, thefollowing officers who held substantive rank, to retire retainingtheir respective ranks, viz:—Lieutenants CharlesReid, Thomas Glynn, George M. Furnival, W. M. Cooper,and William M. McSpadden ; and 2nd Lieutenants EdwinA. Smith, James Robert Mills, and Neil McEachren.The next General Order which appeared in theGazetteis interesting from the fact that it is the last oneissued respecting appointments in the old " 10th Royals."The officers named therein were the final appointments.The order read thusHead Quarters,Ottawa, 8th April, 1881.General Orders.Active Militia.No. 6. Tenth jBattalion of Infantry, Royal Regiment-Toronto.To be Lieutenants : LieutenantMacFarlane, M.S., from 6th' Battalion.William Twiname

:92 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.John Henry Paterson, Esquire, (provisionally).If anybody imagined that Lieut.-Colonel Grasettmeant to " play at soldiers " when he assumed commandof the regiment, they were soon undeceived. The N. C.O's. and men at once learned that he said what he meant,and the ofticers also were not left in ignorance of whatwas required of them. Witness the following extractfrom Regimental Orders, dated May l7th, 1881" The Lieut.-Colonel commanding having observed thatsome officers are in the habit of absenting themselvesfrom parade without leave, he desired it to be distinctlyunderstood that any officer wishing to obtain leave mustmake the usual application through the Adjutant."By a General OnJer issued from Ottawa on August 5th,1881, the title of the Regiment was changed from the 10thRoyals to that of 10th Royal Grenadiers. The formertitle had been borne by the corps since its formation in1861-62, under Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland, the additionaltitle of Grenadiers was greatly appreciated byall concerned.But before dealing with the remainder of the Battalion'sHistory as the Grenadiers^ let us glance briefly atsome salient points in the tweaty year's life ofthe " Old10th."When they were first organized in 1861-62-63, theyprovided themselves in great measure at their own expensewith uniforms and shakos, the latter were ofpeculiarshape, being blue with a broad red band, verysimilar to those now worn by the Toronto postmen insummer. In 1862-3 the 2nd Regiment, Queen's OwnRifles, had their Armoury in St. Lawrence Hall and

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 93drilled in the large main Hall. There not being roomenough for the 10th Royals also, the officers of thisRegiment purchased a large factory building, removedand re-erected it on the Baldwin leasehold propertyon King-street, almost opposite the present Romainebuilding. In this building, which was of very considerablesize, the first examinations of officers as to thequalifications for their rank were held, and the Regimentdrilled there until the Government erected thenew drill-shed on the south side of Wellington-street, in1864.In succeeding years the efficiency of the regiment wasfully maintained, and in 186(), when the Fenian Raid occurred,the 1 0th Royals, although not notified until latein the morning of Friday, June 1st, that they would haveto leave for the front, were mustered and ready at noonon that date, leaving by special train at 4:40 p.m., fromthe Old Queen's Wharf Station, to which they were accompaniedby a very large number of the citizens.Aftera stay at Suspension Bridge, of two hours forsupplies,they went on to Chippewa, where they arrived at 5 a.m.They were here brigaded with H.M. IGth Regiment anda Battery of Artillery under Col. Peacocke, 16th Regiment.The brigade marched in the early morning toform junction at Stevens ville, near Ridgeway, with theQueen's Own and 13th Battalion from whence the twocolumns thus combined were to advance together to meetthe invading forces who were advancing from Fort Erie,this junction unfortunately was not effected by reason ofthe Queen's Own leaving Port Colborne some hours toosoon.

94 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERSA portion, two companies, of H.M. 47th Regiment wereincluded in Col. Peacocke's brigade.The 2nd of June was exceedingly hot and owing to reportsbeing received that an engagement was already inprogress the march was made at an excessive rate ofspeed. At noon a halt took place near New Germany.The 16th Regiment who were in heavy marching orderwith knapsacks, had suffered greatly from the heat, manyof their men having fallen out by the way, some of thecompanies reaching the halting place not half theirstrength. The 10th Royals fortunately less encumbered,showed the stamina of the workingmen who then andever since have filled its ranks, by coming instrengtli.almost fullIt is true that some men helped comrades by, atintervals, carrying two rifles but the earnest spirit ofthe companies carried them through the day. Reportsreaching camp that the engagement at Ridgeway wasover and that the Fenians were in retreat, immediatepursuit was made in the direction of Fort Erie. The rearof the Fenians was caught up to just as night fell and togetherwith the 16th the Royals camped out during thenight in line of extended pickets inthe ploughed fields,in front of the bush into which the Fenians had disappeared.The tug Robb, detailed to patrol the river and cut offany attempted return of the Fenians, had been sent toPort Colborne, and thus, as will presently be shown, themarauders escaped.Next morning the forces advanced at daylight and encirclingthe town of Fort Erie closed in upon the re-

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 95mainder of the Fenian column. During the night thebulk of the force under General O'Neil was taken onboard some scowsand removed to United States waterson the south side of the river, had it not been forthis an action would have taken place and it was withthe full expectation of such a meeting that the columnmade its advance. The 16th Regiment and the 10thRoyals were in the first line having their companiesthrownout in advance engaged in searching houses etc.,which were on the line of march. In this way the Regimentcaptured a number of Fenian prisoners who wereforwarded next day to the jail at Toronto, It is truethat there were no shots fired in anger but the onlyreason was that the prisoners gave themselves up withoutmuch resistance.Some of the Queen's Own who hadbeen taken prisoners were also released. During thetime the Regiment was in camp at Fort Erie it performeda large amount of technical and mechanical workfor the Brigade, being composed as it was of mechanicsand artisans, there were men in its ranks availablefor every trade, and the Commander of the Brigademade full use of them. The 10th Royals buried theFenian dead, repaired road- bridges, relaid the railwaytracks which had been torn up, repaired the damagedrolling stock, drained theall such services as are usuallywhole camp and g

96 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.plying pickets down the river and at the American Ferryof the Grand Trunk where the trains were for sometime thoroughly inspected. On the occasion of a nightalarm when the whole Brigade was suddenly called toarms the Regiment received special commendation fromCol. Lowry, Commander of the Brigade for its ready preparationfor duty and the steadiness of the men. Thelarger portion of the Volunteer Regiments, composing theBrigade, returned to their lieadquarters on the days followingtheir arrival, but the Royals remained in campat Fort Erie, together with H.M.'s 16th and 47th Regimentsdoing frontier duty for three weeks longer whenall expectations of a further invasion being dispelled,they also returned to Toronto. Throughout its servicethe Regiment proved its capacity for actual work andreceived the warm approval of the Staff Officers.While at Fort Erie, the regiment had the pleasure ofmeeting their former and first commanding officer, Lieutenant-ColonelCumberland, who had volunteered for serviceon the staff of Colonel Lowry, 47th Regiment, and receivedspecial mention in General Orders for his valuableservices in control [ing the railway operations.Some of these matters may be consideretl trivial, butthe reason they are referred to, is not to seek anyspecial credit for them, but io show that the 10th, bothofficers and men, were prepared to and did act up tothespirit as well as the letter of their motto, " Ready, ayeready."The official order creating the " Royal Grenadiers," wasworded in a somewhat peculiar manner, first the corps isdescribed as " Royal Grenadiers," and then a note signifyingthe change of title is added.

——THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 97It reads thus,General Orders.Head Quarters,O'lTAwA, 5tli August, 1881.Active Militia.No. 5.Tenth Battalion Royal Grenadiers.The title of this Battalion will in future be Tenth P>attalion,Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant, George \V. Allan,M.S., vice Edwin A. Smith, who reverts to the retired listof 2nd Lieutenants.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : OliphLeigh-Spencer, Esquire, vice Allan, promoted.LeighThroughout 1881 the regiment steadily increased innumbers and efficiency, all ranks worked harmoniouslytogether, and an excellent spirit of esprit de corps wasdeveloped, which has happily pervaded the regimentever since.The remaining appointments to commissions in 1881were these :Head Quartehs,General Orders.Ottawa, Septi^mber 30th, 1881.Active Militia.No. 5. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captain, provisionally : Hon. Gaptuin and Quarter-MasterRobert Swanton Appelbe, from 'iOth Battalion,vice Nicholas Weathcrstone, resigned.o

:98 history of the royal grenadiers.Head Quarters,GENtRAL Orders.Ottawa, 11th November, 1881.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Adjutant, with rank of Captain, from 28thOctober. 1881 :Lieutenant Frederick Fitzpayne Manley,V. B.To be Lieutenants, from 28th October, 1881, takingrank in the Militia from 13th January, 1881 : George S.Ryerson, M.S. (late Assistant- Surgeon), vice Manley, promoted.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally :Robert GoodallTrotter, Esquire.It will simplify matters considerably, and make thisvolume of greater usefulness as a work ofreference if inthe remainder of its pages the promotions and retirementsare given together for each year. In 1882 theywere as followsHead Quarters.Gknekal Orders.Ottawa, 28th April, 1882.Active MilitiaNo. 2.Tenth IJattalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant: 2nd Lieutenant, L. V. Percival,V. B., vice William Turnance MacFarlane, resigned.To be Paymaster- Nicol Kingsmill, Esquire, M. S.,viceRupert Mearse Wells, resigned.

the iieoiiganization of the regiment. 99General Orders.Active Militia.Head Quauteus,Ottawa, 12th May, 1882.No. 2. Tenth Battalion Royal (Jrena

100 HISTORY OF THE ROVAL GRKNADIERS..Head Quarters,General Orders.Ottawa, 27th October, 1882.Active Militia.No. 3.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiera.To be Lieutenant :2nd Lieutenant Oliph Leigh Leigh-Spencer, M.S., vice Bruce, promoted.To be 2nd Lieutenants, provisionally : Ij. E. Leigh,Esquire, vice Ball, promoted.Andrew Maxwell Irving, Esquire, viceMclntyre, resigned.Head Quarters,D. A. DuntroonGeneral Ordeus.Ottawa, 24th November, 1882.Active Militia.No. 3.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : 2ndTrotter, V.B.Lieutenant, Robert GoodallHead Quarters,GENtRAL Orders.Ottawa, 1st December, 1882.Active Militia.No. 4.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : CharlesHectorSymons, Esq., V.B.The first Regimental order of any note issued in 1882was dated February IGth, and it showed that the Commandingofficer was determined to know ei ^ctly howthe regiment was equii)ped and the condition of every-

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE RECflMENT. 101thing belonging to it. The order has the true miUtaryring in it, it was as follows :" With a view of ascertaining the disposition of theclothing, etc., that has been issued to the regiment, theLieutenant-Colonel commanding will make a minute inspectionof every article in possession of each companyprior to the commencement of the annual drill. Officerscommanding companies will therefore take such steps asare necessary to have everything ready for the inspection,the exact date of wliich will be notified hereafter."The inspection was duly made and Lieutenant- ColonelGrasett had the satisfaction of knowing from personalobservation exactly how his command was e(piipped.The annual drill for 1882 commenced on Tuesday,]\[arch 21st, and was continued each week until May24th. The C.O.'s parade was held on Thursday evenings,Tuesday evenings being reserved for company and recruits'drill.A church parade was lield on Sunday, April 'iOfch, tliebattalion attending divine service at the Church of theAscension in the morning.The regiment made steady progress in 1882, tlioughtliere was nothing to vary tlie ordinary routine of weeklydrills. The whole battalion had confidence in their commandingofficer and as a natural consequence progressfollowed.On May 24th, the spring drills terminated by the regiment" trooping " the Queen's Colour in Queen's Park.This always pleasing ceremonial was attended by an immensecrowd of spectators.Autumn parades connnenced on September 12th, and

:... 40^ ,. i'?,HISTORY OF THK ROYAL GRENADIERS.continued until Tliursda}-, November Otli, when theGrenadiers were inspected by Major-Gencral Luard, commandingthe Canadian Militia. A complimentary orderexpressing his approval of the regiment was issued bythe General after it was concluded. The regimentalchurch parade was on Sunday morning, October 8th, toSt. James' Cathedra], the battalion mustering at "TheGuns " in the Queen's Park.It may also be noted that Lieutenant Egerton Denisonof the 3rd battalion Staffordshire Regiment was attachedto the Grenadiers in September, 1882, and continued todo duty with them for that year. Lieutenant Denisonsubse(}uently served in the Soudan campaign of ]885under Lord Wolseley, and diedat sea as he was returninghome from South Africa in 1886.A General Order was issued on October 3rd, 1882authorizing the increase ofthe (Jrenadiers fi'om a six toan eight company battalion. This order caused theirreatest satisfaction to the rei2f'iment. James Mason andJohn Weir Anderson, Estjuires, were the two otlicerssehcted to command tlie new companies.The various companies after augmentation were commandedas followsA. Com])any, Captain I>oomer.B.

LlKrT.-k.01.. J. MASON.Qniatio

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 103There was no change of moment in the regiment duringthe remainder of the year. The appointments andpromotions in the following year were as follows :Head Quarteiis,General Orders.OiTAWA, 27th April, 1883.Active Militia.No. 1.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.Captain Robert Swanton Appelhe ishereby permittedto retire retaining rank, as a special case.The resignation is heieby accepted of LieutenantGeorge Sterling Ryerson, who reverts to the position ofAssistant-Surgeon in the Battalion, with his previousseniority.General Orders.Active Militia.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 11th May, 1883.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal GrenadiersTo be Captain, Lieutenant John Henry Paterson, V.B.vice Appelbe, retired.General Orders.Active Militia.Head Quartebs,Ottawa, 6th July, 1883.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.The resignation of Captain George Anthony Boomer ishereby accepted.

:104 history of the lloval grenadiers.General Orders.No 3.Head Quarters,Otiawa, lOth August, 1883.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.The resignation of Captain Llewellyn IT. Robertson ishereby accepted.No. 1, of General Orders, 6th July, 1883, is herebyamended by permitting Captain George Anthony Boomerto retire retaining rank.General Orders.Ar-^iVEHead Quarters,Ottawa, 9th November, 1883.Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Major: Captain Arthur Bagshaw Harrison, C.C.,vice T. T. Rolph, retired retaining rank.To be Captains : Lieutenant Peter Brown Ball, V.B.,vice Boomer, retired.Lieutenant Oliph Leigh Leigh-Spencer, V.B., vice Robertson,resigned.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionallyJohn Irvine Davidson, Esquire.The resignation of Lieutenant Lionel V. Percival ishereby accepted.General Orders.No. 2.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 30th November, 1883.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.

THE REOIIQANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 105To be Lieutenants :V.B., vice Percival, resigned.2n(l Lieutenant Francis J. Goslinpj,2nd Lieutenant A. M. Irving, Y.B., vice Ball, promoted.2nd Lieutenant C. H. Symons, V.B., vice Percival, re-Johnsigned.To be 2nd Lieutenants, provisionally :Esquire, vice Spencer, promoted.Morrow,Granville Percival Eliot, Esquire, vice Trotter, promoted.Genekaj. Orders.HkAD Ql'AUTEHS,OlTAWA, 1 4th December, LSS3.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Roval Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : Charles Greville Haraton, formerlyLieutenant in the lloyal Maiine Light Infantry, viceRyerson.Spring drill began for the Grenadiers in LS83, a littlelater than in the preceding year, the first parade beingheld on April 9th ; drill continued until May 24th, whenthe regiment under command of Lieut.-Colonel Grasettwent to London, Ont., being brigaded there on the datejust named with the 7th Fusiliers. It may be mentionedthat this, the first excursion made by the Grenadiers wasmost successful. The regiment returned to Toronto earlyin the morning of May 25th.In September of the same year His Excellency theGovernor-General, Marquis Lansdowne, paid a state visitto Toronto. A guard of honor composed of one captain,two subalterns, four sergeants, and one hundredrank and file, was furnished by the x ,yal Grenadiers.

:106 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.This ^uard was on duty during the whole ofunder tlie command ofCaptain James Mason.H. E. visit,In Regimental Orders of September 20th, 1883, thefollowing letter was published for the information of theofficers commanding corps which formed escorts andguards of honor to His Excellency the Governor-Generalduring his visit to Toronto" His Excellency (the Governor-General) desires to expresshis approbation of their soldier-like appearance andthe manner in which they performed their several duties,and he trusts that the Militia of Toronto will maintainthat high character for discipline and smartness whichthey have held in the past, the Governor-General willalways take an interest in their future career."By a District Order dated October 29th, 1883, theRoyal Grenadiers were ordered to hold themselves inreadiness for inspection by the Major-General commandingthe Canadian militia. On October 31st, the followingRegimental Order was issued :"In accordance with District Order No. 1, of 29thOctober, 1883, the regiment will parade in marchingorder with leggings at the drill shed, on Thursday, November8th, at 1.30 p.m., and proceed to the ExhibitionGrounds, where the annual inspection by Major-GeneralLuard, commanding the Canadian Militia, will take place."It is satisfactory to record that tlie inspection provedsatisfactory to all concerned, to those commanding andto those commanded.With the inspection, drill ceased for the year 1883, andin the following year these were the changes in the commissionedranks of the regiment, notified by successiveGeneral Orders as follows :

the reorganization of the regiment. 107General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 4tli January, 1S84.Active IVFimtia.No. 2. Teiitli Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2n(l Lieutenant, provisionally : 2n(l LieutenantJohn Dunlop Hay, from Toronto Field liattery, vice Gosling,promoted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 25th January, 1884.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Roval Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Charles EgertonMcDonald, Esquire, vice Irving, promoted.General Order'^,No. 2.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 14th March, 1884.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.No. 1 of General Orders, 7th June, 1872, is herebyamended, with reference to Captain Frederick BarlowCumberland, by substituting " is hereby permitted toretire,retaining rank,"General Orders.for " left limits."Head Quarters^Ottawa, 18th April, 1884.Active Militia..No. 2. Tenth Battalion Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant John Irvine Davidson,V. B.. vice Ball, promoted,

108 HISTORY. OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be 2nd Lieutenants, provisionally : Forbes Michie,Esquire, vice Symons, promoted.William Charles Fitch, Esquire, vice Davidson, promoted.The resignation of Quarter-Master George StrachanCartwright Bethune is hereby accepted.Gkneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 16th May, 1884.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Alexander CecilGibson, Esquire, vice Davidson, promoted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 3rd October, 18S4.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.The resignation of 2nd Lieutenant, Charles Egerton]\IcDonald, is hereby accepted.Th« regiment pursued a useful, but not especially excitingcourse throughout 1884. As will be seen on referenceto the promotions and appointments, there were notmany changes in the connnissioned ranks and among therank and file there was a small, though gratifying increasein numbers.Drill commenced as usual in Marcli, continuing untilthe Queen's Birthday. The regiment paraded on Saturday,24th May, 1884, in Review Order with leggings andcross belts, at 9.15 a.m., and proceeded by special train

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 109to Hamilton, where, in conjunction with the 13th Battalion,under Lieut.-Col. Gibson, a short review was held.After the review, the officers of the Grenadiers werehospitably entertained by the officers of the i. 3th, and themen's comfort was not neglected by their conirndey ofthe " Ambitious City." The regiment returned to Torontothe same night.In accordance with instructions received, the regimentparaded in marching order with leggings, at the drillshed, on Thursday, 6th November, 1884, at2.30 o'clock,and marched to the Queen's Park, where they were inspectedby Major-General Middleton, commanding theMilitia.The inspecting officer, after a minute inspection of theBattalion, expressed himself as being well satisfied, andnotified his satisfaction in General Orders.The year 1885 was destined to be a most eventful onefor the Royal Grenadiers particularly, and for the militiaforces of the Dominion generally, though when the newyear arrived, there was nothing to foretell the arduousand eventful work that the Grenadiers were to accomplishbefore its close.Towards the end of March, 1885, rumours were prevalentall over the Dominion of impending troubles withthe Indians and half-breeds in the Northwest, but noone took these reports very seriously to heart while warfarewas never even contemplated. " At the worst,"people said, " it is only a case for the mounted police,"and calmly turned to the discussion of other subjects.The term " North- West," just used is slightly ambiguousand may mean a great deal or else a very little.In

110 HISTORY OF THE ROYA/. GRKNADIERS.the particular instance mentioned it includes the wholeof tlie territories, comprised in the Canadian Dominionnorth of the Province of Ontario. Tliis part of Canadathen, as now, contained a scattered population of Indiansand half-breeds. Besides these there were the settlerswho had taken up land throughout the various NorthwestProvinces, they for the most part living at widedistances from one another, though of course a city hadsprung into existence at Winnipeg, while there were somefew moderately sized towns and villages in addition,although at great distances apart.The fancied state of security just referred to wasrudely disturbed on March 27th by the news received atOttawa on that date from Colonel Irvine commandingofficer of the North- West Mounted Police of the insurrectionand fight at Duck Lake on March 2Gth, and ofthe death in action with Gabriel Dumont and his halfbreedsof several loyalist residents in that locality.A few words must be said about the Duck Lake fight.Louis Riel who had given the Dominion Government agreat deal of trouble in 1870 when he was the head andfront of the Red River rebellion, for which acts he hadsubsequently been pardoned, again in 1885 incited theIndians and half-breeds to rebellion and armed resistanceto constituted authority. That the classes whose causeRiel espoused had real grievancesthe mode resorted to by Rielcannot be denied, butand his followers to obtainredress of these grievances cannot for a moment bedefended or even palliated.In March, 1885, the stores belonging to Messrs. Walters,Baker & Kerr Bros., residing at St. Laurent were

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT.Illraided ; andIndian agent Lash, Astley, a surveyor,Tompkins, the telegrapli repairer, and other (Governmentemployees were taken prisoners. Major Crozier, whowas stationed at Fort Carlton, received this news on the19th, and at once sent over to Prince Albert to CaptainMoore asking for reinforcements. A meeting was heldand it was determined to send a force of forty men, whoon the 20th marched to Fort Carlton, forty miles distant,arriving there about ten o'clock the same night.Major Crozier was already the recipient from Rielthrough Mr. Mitchell a store-heeper at Duck Lake, of ademand that he should surrender Fort Carlton. In replyto this the Major sent a half-breed named McKay withMitchell to try and persuade the half-breeds to disperse.This occurred March 21st. Riel received Mitchell andMcKay with little else than abuse and told them thatunless Major Crozier surrendered Fort Carlton it would beattacked at twelve o'clock. Mitchell and McKay thenreturned to Fort Carlton. It had been arranged withMr. Mitchell by a committee acting under Kiel's instructionssays Major Boulton in his book on the rebellion" that Riel should send two delegates to meet MajorCrozier half way ; and an hour after the arrival of Mc-Kay at Fort Carlton, he turned round and accompaniedCaptain Moore to meet the delegates. At the appointedplace they were met by Charles Molin and Maxime Lepiere,who had been sent as delegates to demand the surrenderof Fort Carlton, with all its stores and property,undertaking if it were quietly given up that the policeshould be allowed to go unharmed. As Major Crozier'sinstructions to the delegates were that the people should

:112 HISTOKY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.disband, and give up the leaders at once, or suffer thepenalty of their criminal acts, the meeting resulted innothing ; and Lepiere did not present the document intendedfor Major Crozier. It was afterwrrds foundamong Kiel's papers in Batoche subsequent to its capture.Things rapidly grew from bad to worse until on themorning of March 2Gtli when Major Crozier sent a smalldetachment with a dozen sleighs to remove the storesand food that were in Mitchell's store at Duck Lake toplace of greater safety. It is not necessary to say moreon this subject excepting that they were attacked by therebels and in the fight that ensued which lasted for nearlythree-quarters of an hour, nine Prince Albert volunteersand three policemen were killed and about twenty-fivewounded. The rebels were in large numbers under thecommand of Gabriel Dumont; Crozier's force consisted ofabout one hundred men.The news reached Toronto late in the evening ofMarch 27th and an hour or ho later Lieutenant- ColonelR. B. Denison, D.A.G. received the following peremptorytelegram from Ottawa" Call out the Queen's Own and 10th Battalion for immediateservice.Powell, Adjutant General."Lieut.- Col. Denison atonce communicated with Lieutenant-ColonelsMiller, Q.O.R. and Grasett, R.G., givingthem the order and they with equal promptitude transmittedthe order to their officers, sunimoning a paradefor 8 a.m. on Saturday, Marcli 28th, and ordering theofficers to warn their men.

THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 113It was 11 p.m. on Friday, March 27th when ColonelGrasett received hia orders and in a short time all officerswhom he could communicate with by telephone were dulywarned and messengers were on their way carrying theorder to such as could be reached in no other way.In most houses the officers who had telephones hadretired for the nir-ht whi>n the bells ranor."Is not that the telephone bell," queried the husband tohis wife ?" Telephone bell, no ; whowould be telephoning at thistime of night ?"A few moments silence and there was no mistakingthe fact that the telephone bell was ringing, and ringingfuriously. Up jumped the officer and going to the" phone," shouted " Hello ?""Is that you Captain A ?""Yes, what is wanted, who is speaking?""Colonel Grasett." You are warned witli your companyand your subordinate officers for immedifitc sei-vice inthe Northwest, you will parade at 8 a.m. tomorrow.Good night." There was no more sleep in such housesthat night and there were many aching hearts and tearfulfaces when the family met for their early breakfaston the Saturday morning. The wife and mother wasquiet and subdued, the children scarcely knew what itall meant, only this, " that Father was going away andthey might never see liim again." The head of the house8ai

:114< HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.in liis eye that told what a trial and sacrifice he wasmakinjj^, thouj^li doing so cheerfully and loyally at thecall of duty. In other houses, perhaps it was an onlyson or an elder brother who was warned, they too obeyedthe summons with alacrit}^ assuring their parents itwould be " only a picnic " and hiugliing at and turninginto ridicule tliefears of their agitated sisters.All that night the officers and sergeants were busywarning the men and in every case was the warning receivedwith the utmost cheerfulness.**Does Thomas Brown live here?" (lueried the officeror N.C.O. after he had knocked up the sleepers in thehouse vvliere T.B. resided." Yes, he does," shouts out T. B. from his bedroom,"what do you want ?"" I am captain A. of the Grenadiers and I want to speakto you."" Yes, sir," says T. B., " be witli you in a moment," onhis appearance he was duly told what was required ofhira.T. B.'s mother had opened the door and coming up tothe officer asked " what it all meant ?""Nothing, mother,nothing, all right Sir, I'll be there " and the officer departed,to go through a similar experience at otherhouses.This is no fancy sketch, it is but the reproductionof scenes that transpired in hundreds of Torontohomes in the early morning of Saturday, March 28th,1885.The following ai'e the various brigade orders issuedtouching the despatch of the expedition, they are all dulydated and read as follows

—THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 115Northwest Expeditionary Force.Toronto, 28th March, 18cS5.Brigade Ohders.No. 1. The Queen's Own Rifles and 10th Royal Grenadiershaving been ordered to furnish 250 N.C.O. and meneach ; to proceed with 85 non-commissioned officers andmen of " C " Company, Infantry School Corps, to tlieNorthwest under the command of Lieut.-Col. (3tter, thetwo former Corps parade in marching order at the drillshedSaturday evening at 7.30 p.m. for inspection.The inspecting officer was Lieutenant-Colonel Otter.Officers baggage was restricted by Brigade order No. 2of same date to a small trunk, capable of carrying a changeof uniform or underclothing; each non-commissionedofficer and man was re(]uired to take with him the followingkit to be carried in their knapsacks:1 Pair marching boots. Knife, fork and spoon.1 Flannel shirt. Soap, towel and comb.1 Under shirt. Needle and thread.1 Pair drawers. Tin of dubbing.1 Pair socks.No. 3.The Corps to parade in drill order with great coats onSunday 28th inst. The Queen's Own at 2.30 and Grenadiersat 3.30 to receive orders.There was a full muster of the various companies ofthe Regiment at 8 a.m. on Saturday, March 28th, and theeight companies " doubled" so as to form four companiesas follows:

:116 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.No. 1by C. and H. Companies.II2 " D. " F. "II 3 II B. " E. "" 4 " A. " G. nThe only difficulty that presented itself was what mento leave behind, every man was anxious to go. In onecase at any rate — perhaps in more than one—a youngfellow who was ordered toremain at home, managed toescape observation and was found with his comrades inthe train some hours after leavinfj Toronto.At last though the selection was made and the followingregimental orders issued.Regimental Orders.Head Quartkiis, Royal Grf-inadii rs,28th March, 1885.No. 1. In accordance with Brigade Order No. 1 of thisdate the 250 non-commissioned ofhcers and men selectedto proceed to Northwest will parade at 7.80 p.m. thisevening in marching order for inspection.No. 2. The men chosen viU be divided in four companieswith the following ofHcers, and to each companywill be attached one pioneer, four lifers and drummersand buglers,and two Ambulance Corps, four Sergeantswill be with each company in addition to the Staff Sergeantviz., 1 Quarter Master Sergeant, 1 Hospital Sergeant,1 Pioneer Sergeant, I Sergeant Drummer and 1orderly room clerk.The regimental orders of the same datefurther statedas just (juotedReferring to Brigade Order No. 2 of this date each noncommissionedofficerand man will have with him iu his

THE RtOlUlANlXATiON OK THE HEfilMENT. 117knapsack, one pair of l)Oots, one llannel sln'rfc, and undershirtone pair dravvei's, one pair socks, knife, fork, spoonsoap, towel and comb, needle and thread, tinof dubhinfj.In accordance witli ]]rin;ade Order No. 3 of this datethe rei^inient will parade to-morrow, Sunday 29th inst.,at S.IiOp.m. in (hillorder with great coats.Further brigade orders were these, tliey telltheir owntale so plainly that any comment would not add to butwould detract from their interest.NoilTHWKST ExPEDrriONARY FoilCE.Toronto, 29th March, 1885.Brigade Orders.No. 1. The officers and men of the Queen's Own andlloyal (h'enadiers detailed for service in the Northwestwill parade at the drill she

—118 HISTORY OF THE llOYAL GRKXADIKRS.No. 1.30th March, 1885.The force will leave the shed at 11 a.m. for theUnion Station, and embark as nmler :No. 1. Train, Staff "C" C(mipany, Infantry SchoolCorps, and Queen's Own Rifles, with baggage and horsesbolonmnff thereto.No. 2. Train—Royal Grenadiers with baggage andstores.No 2. Corps will entrain as speedily as possible,officers remaining with their men, arms and accoutrementsto be left on until train moves.No. 8. Orderly Officers to be detailed daily throughoutthe journey, whose duty it w^ill be to see that orderis maintained—that no men are allowed to get out at thestations without leave, or to stand on the platform, andthat after 10 p.m. perfect quietness is maintained throughoutthe train.No. 4. Upon all ranks must be imposed the necessityof absolute discipline throughout the whole of the service.Though the following Regimental Order is simply arepetition of a Brigade Order already given it will makethe story complete if it also is added.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,March 29th, 1885.Regimental Orders.No. 1. In accordance with Brigade Orders, No. 1 of thisdate the Regiment will parade in Marching Order withleggings, at 10 a.m. to-morrow. Each Non-CommissionedOfficer and man will have 24 hours cooked rations in hishaversack.

THE REOKGANIZATION OF THE REfJIMENT. 110Officers' baggage and reginunital stores will l>epackedin a waggon in East Market Square under the directionsof the Quarter Master.The Ambulance men will act asa baggage guard.The story of the departure of the Northwest contingentfrom Toronto, on the morning of Monday, MarchJiOth, 1885, has often been told, but it will bearbeing again referred to. At 10 a.m. on that date theQueen's Own and Royal Grenadiers paraded in the OldDrill Shed ;for some of them it was " their last parade "in that building, for they fell as gallant soldiers oughtto fall with their faces to the foe,"their last thought fortheir country, their last cheer for their Queen."To return to the departure of the troops, Lieutenant-Colonel Otter briefly addressed the brigade in the DrillShed when they were ready to march, then the Jarvisstreetdoors were opened, and the contingent, headed bytheir bands, marched out turning from Jarvis into Kingstreetand thence by York-street to the Union Station.It was a wonderful sight, thousands and tens of thousandsof people were assembled to cheer the departingsoldiers, to wish them " God speed " and a safe return.Fathers and mothers parting from their sons werethere,, old soldiers who had experienced the rigors of theCrimean winter and had seen the carnage at Alma, Balaclavaand Inkerman came to wish " the boys " farewell.Veterans of the Cape War, of the Indian Mutiny, and ofthe March to Kandahar were present, not to condole, butto urge the citizen soldiers to do their duty, to submit todiscipline, and if needs be to die like men.At last all were on board the train and as the

120 lllSTOllY OF THE ROYAL OHT.NADIEUS.bands played " Auld Lang Syne," tlicy moved slowly outof the station and the journey to the Northwest wasbegun.Since the precedint^ Saturday the citizens of Torontohad moved in a whirl of military excitement, and it isscarcely an exafrcreration to say that every household wasmore or less interested in the departuie of the troops.The city fathers had not been unmindful of the co>nfortsnecessary for the men and they presented them fortheir service kits with complete sets of undervjlothin

asy.X.74&

CHAPTER VI.ON THE WAY TO THE NOltTH WEST.— INCIDENTS OFTHE JOIHtNiiY.—THE BATTLES AT FISH CHEEK AND BATOtHE —THE KH.LEDAND WOUNDED.EADKUS ol'this volume must kindly bear inmind that it is not intended to be a liistoiyof the whole oL' tlie operations in the Northwestand that the I'act of the services rcnfderedby Stran

122 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.There was lots of jollity and every one was in ^oodspirits, despite the fact that they had tlien been travellingfor many hours and had the prospect of very arduouswork before them,A pleasing incident occurred at Carleton Place, Mrs.Blake wife of the Honorable Edward Blake, presentingto the expeditionary force through Lieutenant-ColonelOtter, a Hag, the ITnion Jack, from members of the Houseof Commons. Mrs. lUake was accompanied by Mr. W.Mulock, M.P., who addressed the commandant in briefbut felicitous sentences.Mrs. Blake then presenting the flag said :" A number of my friends in the House of Commons,desirous of expressing their sympathy and good wishesfor the men under your command and on the expeditionon which ihey have now started, have desired hie to presentyou with this flag.I do so with great pleasure andat the same time would like to add my own heartfeltprayer for your speedy success and safe keeping."Lieutenant-Col(mel Otter in thanking Mrs. Blake andthe donors said. " * * * On an occasion like this,nothing more fitting could be presented than the Britisliflag, the emblem of law, justice and freedom. It will beours to preserve it and guard it carefully, as a reminderthat the people of Canada arewith us in our undertaking.I acknowledge the kindness which has promptedthe representatives of the people to make this presentationto us, and I thank you as the bearer of the gift."The Grenadiers reached Biscotasing on April 1st, havingpassed the previous day on the train where they hadbreakfast and on the night of the same day the end of

—ON 'THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 123the C.P.R. track was readied, and the gallant soldiersfound themselves at Dog Lake.A long gap now had to be crossed, this was done inopen sleighs with the thermometer varying from a fewdegrees below freezing point to twenty degrees belowzero, the men at the same timehaving but little protectionagainst the winter's blast beyond the clothing thatthey wore.This first gap began at Dog Lake and extended forforty-two miles north of the river Michipicoten to a pointnear Jack Fish Bay on Lake Superior.The following letter written at Dog Lake by one ofthe Grenadiers will prove interesting.Dog Lake, C.P.R.,'^riiursday, 2nd April, 1 o'clock a.m." This is actually Thursday morning and we started onMonday. The time has gone very fast. We have cometo the gap in the rail and are waiting till sleighs comeback which have ti'ansported the Queen's Own over the40 odd miles to the re-continuance of the railroad. Asthe train is at last not jolting along, as it has been incessantlyalmost since we started, I can w^rite a connectedletter." Things are carried on in proper military fashionguards at the door of every carriage, and no man allowedto go from one to another except the medical staff."" There is generally one large building at these placeswhere we go in by companies to have meals, bread andtough something or other, with hot water flavored with

124 IIISTOIIV OF TJfK ROYAL ( J IlKN ADIEUS.green tea but altooetlierconsidered a good scjuare meal.Lots of chatfand liigh spirits enliven tlie work which isdown-riglit hard, being turned out at night witliout overcoatsto tramp through tlie snow to get wood, and pails ofwater—no water to drink half tlie time. * # *Our number with those ahead of us makes about SOOor 900 and there are 1,200 close behind I believe, but weknow very little news from want of telegraph communicationand papers."A" Battery fi'om Kingston I heai' have been sent out."The same writer under date Good Friday of 18(S5, remarks" : It is no playing at soldiers. We are at presentin the open snow about four feet deep, waiting for thetrain to come, as we have got through our 50 miledrive,going 80 miles in an open sleigh for 12 hours withoutgrub and then having to stand for one hour and a halfin line waiting for our turn at tea, chilled through to thebone, while we saw those who had iinishe

ON THE WAY TO THE N

126 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERSforce as could be spared and who applied for leave toso, were allowed to make calls, either of pleasure or business,throughout the city. Many pleasing re-unions tookplace between the officers and men of the Queen's Own,the Grenadiers, and inhabitants of Winnipeg who hadformerly resided in Toronto.The people of Winnipeg had a lively interest in thestruggle which was then impending with the Indians, halfbreedsand nondescri|)ts generally in the Northwest.They were also furnishing a large contingent of troopsand it was only natural that they, who like the peopleof Toronto were sending their fathers, husl)ands andbrothers to the field, should be intensely interested in alltroops who were going on the same errand.A great many of the men during their forced marcheshad been very badly frost-bitten, and it is no disparagementto them to say tliat when they once more reachedcivilization in Winnipeg, they were intensely weary.The arrival of the Grenadiers at Winnipeg was thusnotified by telegram to Toronto from that city :" Grenadiers arrived here this morning, April 8th, at6 o'clock, and notwitlistanding iVlonday night's terriblemarch all were in capital condition except a few slightcolds and frost-bites.and are now viewing the city tilldoThe men breakfasted in the hotel2 p m. when they leavefor Qu'Appelle where tliey will overtake the Queen'sFrom Qu'Appelle theOwn who went west yesterday.whole force willproceed to Middleton's present positiona few miles north.The distance from '^Poronto to Carleton Place Junctionwas 2'S4> miles. From the latter place to ^judbury an

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 127additional 265 miles to Dog Lake, where occurred thefirst gap, was 261 miles. After crossing the gap to Nepigonwas yet 255 miles more. From the latter stationto Port Arthur covered 68, and from Port Arthur toWinnipeg 435 miles, where at present we find the Grenadierson their way to Qu'Appelle. The total number ofmiles thus far travelled had been 1,518, with 532 stillaccomplish before reaching their destination.The Grenadiers l(^ft Winnipeg at 4 p.m. on WednesdayA])ril 8bh, and reached Troy or Qu'Appelle station about7 o'clock a.m. next day. From there, after a brief rest,they started for Fort Qu'Appelle, 20 miles farther on,which they reached the same evening having receivedorders from General Middleton at Qu'Appelle station tojoin him at Humboldt.When the train stopped at Brandon great hospitalitywas shown to the troops by the residents of that locality.Ladies boarded the train, bringing with them basketsof preserved fruit, hard boiled eggs, cakes, pies, andother delicacies for the benefit of the men. These kindattentions were greatly appreciated by all concerned,and just before the train resumed its journey, Majir]\[anley returned thanks to thetofair donors on behalf ofthe battalion.A corps of niounte

'**l!WOKY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.^— i^»-iBr»ii'n^4n the 18th General Middleton was cauirhtii'fe^'s Crossing.^TT^Jy^ammign was not the first that the valley of theQ"\i Aypelie had looked upon. The feuds of the Black Feetand the Crees, Indian tribes, had been both remorselessand undying. These internecine contests had to a certainextent subsided, the blessings resulting from westerncivilization having extended themselves even to this remoteregion of the north.The troops after leaving Qu'Appelle passed on towardsthe Saskatchewan by the Touchwood Hills and Humboldt,arriving atApril 18th.Clarke's Crossing in the afternoon onGeneral Middleton speaking of the arrival of the Grenadiersin an official despatch dated April 18th, says :Colonel Grasett and 10th Regiment Royal Grenadiersjoined my force this day. This regiment had comethrough the gaps and made remarkably good marcliingto catch up to my column."On April 20th, General Middleton made up his mindto divide his force, which now consisted ofabout 800 oj" Lieut.-all ranks, and to move forward on both the east and thewest sides of the river. The force he commanded on theright or east bank of the river, comprised the f)0th WinnipegBattalion, :j()4 of all ranks "; A " Battery R.C.A.,120 men; half "C" Company I.S.C., 40 men; armedteamsters, 6G men;Boulton's Scouts, 00 men, a total of590.The force under Lieut -Colonel Montizambert and LordMelgund on the left or west bank of the river was asfollows:—Royal Grenadiers, 270; Winnipeg Field Batt

CAPT. F. A. CASTON. CAPT. R. c;. TROTTKR.CAPT. A. 11. CAMERON. CAPT. J. n. MACl.KAN.

:ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 129tery, 52 ; Frencir.s .Scouts, 40 ; jirmed teamsters, 80, atotal of 422. Communications were kept up betweenboth sides. Tlie idea that evidently actuated GeneralMiddleton was, that by advancing; on lioth sides oftheriver it would be impossible for the insur^'ents to escapefrom him.The General had been informed, ashe believed, credibly,that Kiel's force only consisted of about 400 men,and doubtless considered that he had sufficient forceon either side of the river to overcome the rebels shoulcJhe meet with them. The difficulties presented were great,for on both banks of the Saskatchewan, and for somemiles in the interior, were groves of high timber anddeep ravines quite sufficient to afford complete cover foi:a large body of troops.On April 22nd, the Division was halted by the orderof the General to complete arrangements for the advanceand also to formulate a scheme both for night and daysignalling. On April 23rd, a distance of 18 miles wasreached from where the troops had been encamped theday previously. On April 24th, the march was resumed,the enemy met with and engaged at Fish Creek.We will let the account of how this battle began betold in the words of General Middleton himself, containedin a despatch dated from Fish Creek, jMay 1st,1885, he says"Though I had not been led to believe that the rebelswould come so far to the front to attack us, still I wasaware of the existence of a rather deep ravine or creekabout five or six miles ahead, consequent)y I was on thisoccasion, with the supports under Major Boulton, accom-I

130 HTSTOIIY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.panied by Captain Haig, R. E., A. (^. IM. U. and my twoaides-de-camp Captain Wise and Lieutenant Doucet, andMr. MacDowell attached to my staff. On approachingsome bluffs, just as the left advanced scouts werecirclinjrround, we suddenly received a heavy lire from a bluff andsome ground sloping back on our left, which fire was luckilytoo high to do mischief, having been evidently fired ina hurry, owing to the approach of the left scouts.MajorBoulton instantly ordered his men to dismount, let loosetheir horses (two of which were inimediately shot) andhold the enemy in check.This was done by them most gallantly—theflankers and files in front falling back on themain body. I sent Captain Wise back with orders tobring forward the advance guard find main body whichwas soon done. The advance guard on arrival extendedand took cover in the bluff nearest us, and, as the mainbody came up, two more companies of the 90th were extended,the Rebels advancing up out of the ravine intowhflcli, however, they again speedily retired and a heavyfire was exchanged ; but having sent a party round tothe house on the enemy's right, the enemy gradually retiredalong the ravine, while our men advanced slowly tothe crest of a deeply-wooded part running out of themain ravine. In this former ravine a small part of theRebels made a stand in what we found afterwards to besome carefully constructed rifle pits. These men were evidentlytheir best shots—Gabriel Dumont being amongstthem, but were, so to speak caught in a trap. A greatnumberof their horses and ponies being in this ravine, and,what is said to be very unusual, were tied up—thus showing,I am informed, that the Rebels were pretty confident

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 131of success—55 ol' tlieso liorses were killccl.gradually reduced in number until,These men werefrom the position ofour men, it was almost impossible for them to retire, andthey continued to fire at intervals, doini( a ^reat deal ofmischief.Captain Peters with oreat pluck and dash, ledthe dismounted men of "A" Ijattery, sup})orted by aparty of the 90th ^inder Captain Iluttan, ami frallantlyattempted to dislod^^e them, but they were so well coveredand were able to bring such a heavy fire on theparty advancing without being seen, killing three men,two artillerymen and one of the 90th, (the body of oneartilleryman was afterwards foundwithin eight or tenyards of their pits) that I resolved to leave them, contentingmyself with extending more of the 90th in frontto watch them, and sending some shells into the blufi'now and then. * * *Durino- the action a messenijer from the left columnarrived, asking if they should bring troops across, and Idirected the 10th Grenadiers to be brought over, whichwas done by means of the scow, most expeditiously, onecompany with Lord Melgund aniving about 1 o'clockp. m., and two other companies under Lieutenant-ColonelGrasett later on, with two guns of the Winnipeg FieldBattery, under Major Jarvis. As the affair was nearlyover then, I contented myself with extending a company ofthe 10th on the right centre to assist in watching the ravinewhere the enemy's rifle pits were, the other companiesbeing on the extreme right in support and ultimatelyremaining there until the wounded were removedto the camp-ground, which had been selected in themeantime. I would here beg leave to draw particular

;1.S2 IlISTOllY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.attention to the crossing of these troops, wlio, thoughhickily not re(j[uire(l might well have been. To fully appreciatethe rapidity with which this was done, in spiteof the difficulties that existed, the river must be seenwooded heights on each side 100 feet high—at bottom,largo boulders encrusted in thick sticky mud— a fringeof huge blocks of ice on each side, a wretched scow carry*ing about sixty men at most, pulled with oars made withan axe and a rapid current of about 3 or 4 miles an hoor,were the obstacles tliatwere surmounted by dint of determinationand anxiety to join with and aid theircomrades.An amusing story is told by General Middleton, in connectionwith the battle of Fish Creek, of a little buglerof the 90th Regiment named William Buchanan who" made himself particularly useful in carrying ammunitionto tlie right front when the lire was very hot, this hedidwith peculiar nonchalance walking calmly about crying,* now boys whose for cartridges ? '" It is sad to haveto add tliat at Fish Creek there were 2 gunners of " A "Battery and 4 ])rivates of the 90th killed, and no less than15 others dangerously wounded, 4 of whom subsequentlydied and 30 wounded in addition but not so dangerously.On April 2oth, were buried the dead who had fallenthe day previously and in the next few days the remainderof the western column crossed to the eastern side.Their crossing was effected l»y means of the scow whichthe General had floated down the river between the twocoluuuis It was a difficult as well as a most hazardousoperation.From the '16ih until the 30th ofApril the column re-

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 133mained in Camp at Fish Creek waiting for the arrival ofthe steamer Northcote which was expected with suppliesand reinforcements. It was the General's intentionUDon the arrival of this steamer to remove his woundedto the hospital at Saskatoon, the settlers of which hadkindly offered to do allthat was in their power for thosewho had been injured.A few details may be given respecting the light at FishCreek which have not been mentioned or even glancedat in the General's despatch. When the order was givento cross the river, No. 2. Company Grenadiers under thecommand of Captain Mason who had volunteered forthe privilege, was the first to do so. Once acrossthe Grenadiers soon showed the metal that they weremade of by setting resolutely to advance. As the}^ weremoving forward they were met by Captain Haig, R.E.,who was A.Q.M.G. to the expedition. This officer wasasked by Captain Mason "how is the fight going?"" Badly " replied Captain Haig, " the rebels are in thatravine and cannot be tlislodged."Captain Mason hearingthis asked Captain Haig to get him permission to see theGeneral, which permission was given and Captain Masonpreferred his request that he and his company might beallowed to clear out the enemy's riflepits at the point ofthe bayonet. Captain Mason knew that his subalterns,Lieuts. Irving and Hay, with the men of the companywere to be relied on to the last.General Middleton considerecl the request and thensaid '•No, too many valuable lives have been lost already."A little later Captain Mason's company was ordered torelieve a company of the OOth, who had been engaged

134 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.for some time and were very greatly fatigued. As thecompany took up position, which they did under the droppingfire from the concealed Indians they were met witha hearty cheer from the Winnipeg men. The other twocompanies of the Royal Grenadiers relieved those of the90th who were yet engaged.The good feeling displayed by the 9()th to the Grenadiersw^as of the very warmest ; the accommodation theythemselves possessed in the way of tents, bedding andeating and drinking utensils were barely sufficient fortheir own needs and yet they " shared and shared alike "with their comrades of the Grenadiers. Imagine a smalltent built to contain four, with seven sleeping in it andnot more than blankets enough for half of them. Teahad to be drunk out of wash bowls, empty meat tins,dippers, which had " once been new " and other miscellaneousarticles. Of these very primitive utensils toothere were only about half enough to go round.Shortly after the tight at Fish Creek, there was anight alarm, which was groundless. It was markedthough by a most pathetic incident, D'Arcy Baker ofBoulton's Horse was lying wounded in his tent, life'smoments fast passing away from him. Hearing the shotsfired, in half delirium, he rose to his feet got to theof the tent and shouting " bring me my horse" felldoorto theground—dead.The following lines describe this tragic occurrence :* * ^ ^ * * 'ti'With shattered lieart,the stricken soldier lies,Tlic fatal wound has nlniost ceased to bleed ;The dying warrior vainly seeks to rise,And l)ogw once more, his rifle and his steed.* * f 1, i: Mr i,

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 135Forever more the youthful limbs are still,The young, the gallant, and impulsive braveNow rests beside the far-off western hill.And wild flowers blossom by his lonely grave.— Mttrdoch.When the Grenadiers crossed the river for Fish Creekthey had breakfasted at 6 a.m., and it was 12 o'clock midnightand later before food again passed their lips.SincetheNorthwestExpedition,remarks have been occasionallymade by those whose ignorance of the real facts of the caseis only equalled by their own insolence in making theassertion that the whole affair in the Northwest was" only a picnic." If it was, it was a picnic under extremelydisagreeable circumstances and one in which theniceties of life and the comfort of the guests were verybadly considered and provided for by those who were responsiblefor the enjoyment of the company.One more word before passing on to the further storyof the campaign. The picquet duty, night and day, atFish Creek, was incessant and neither Grenadiers or90th ever liad more than a few hours off duty.On May 1st, General Middleton ascertained that theNorthcote was not likely to arrive for perhaps a week,and acting on the advice of Dr. Orton, of the 90th Battalion,he ordered waggons to be made ready to take thewounded men back to Saslcntoon. They left upon May1st under escort, reaching there via Clarke's Crossing inperfect safety. From May 2nd to 4th notliing of anyparticular moment occurred, althougli the General madea reconnaissance through that tei-ritory by Boul ton's andFrench's scouts to within four miles of Batoche, whensome of the enemies' scouts were sighted but speedilydisappeared.

136 HISTORY _0*^ THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.On May 5th, the long looked for steamer Northoote arrived,bringing besides the necessary welcome suppliesand requirements, Lieut.-Col. Van Straubenzie, formerlyof the 100th Regiment, whom the General immediatelyappointed second in command.On May 6th, the General writes," Prepared for marchingand the Northcote was made defensible against musketr}'hre under the direction of Captain Haig, R.E., A.Q.M.G., as I intended that itshould take part in my intendedattack on Batoche, and perhaps draw otF some ofits defenders from my Front. I placed on board MajorSmith and 35 men of C. School ;Gapt. Wise, my A.D.C.,who was wounded in the foot, and Mr. iiedson. Lieuts.Eliot and Gibson, Royal Grenadiers, and Lieut. Hugh J.Macdonald, 9()t]i Battalion, also were on board, being allon the sick list."On May 7th, the General, whose force then consistedof 850 men, made up of the " A " Battery, the WinnipegField Battery and half of " C " company of Canadian Infantry,tlieRoyal Grenadiers, the 90th, two companies ofthe Midland Battalion witii Boulton's and French'sScouts, moved forward and reaching Gabi'iel Dumont'sFerry, there halted.On the 8th May, it had become well-known thatit would be a tiglit to the bitter end between the Canadianforces and the rebels, and that in the event of thelatter being victorious, few belonging to the former wouldbe allowed to live to tell the tah3.Colonel Grasett was ful!; aware of the position of affairs,and on the evening of May 8th, assembled theofhcers of the Grenadiers together in one of the tents

":ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 137and put the probabilities and poHsibilities of what mighthappen fairly before them.-Maxwell Drew, in his " Sergeant's Story " (juaintly refersto this incident thus" Kiirnel Grasett, he calls all the officers into the QuarterMaster's tent, and sez, ' Gintlenien,' says he. ' thingshas come to a head at last,' he sez, ' In a short time wewill have met the inimy in foorce, an' there's no knowin'what the ind ov it all will be ; we must bate thim,' hesez,*because we have no place fer to fall on, an' noplace fer to retreat to—an' we will lick thim I know,but gintlemen,' sez he * we raust'ent lose soight ov thefact that some ov us who are here to-night, won't be herean' the dayat the finish, when the Cease Fire ' 'soundsis won;I merely wish to remind yez ov this, gintlemen,so that if any ov yez have any matters to arrange or anyletters yez want fer to wroite—well, gintlemen — yez understand,o'im sure;that will do, gintlemen,' sez he, an''out ov the tint they came.'""' Now wus'nt that jist like him, sor, an' you knowhim, too, iveiy inch a soldier, an' not only a soldier, buta man as well.'It may be mentioned that General Middleton's ordersto the Grenadiers were that they were to have the postof honor and lead the attack.On May 8th, the General writes :"As I had received information that there were severalbad and difficult .^pots on the river trail, I marched theforce to the East, and then struck across the ])rairie,striking the main trail from Hund)olt to Batoche, atabout nine or ten miles from Batoche, and camped. I

138 HISTORY. OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.then rode forward with a small party of scouts to withintwo miles of Batoche, seeing nothing but one scout of theenemy, wlio disappeared at once."On the morning of May 9t]i, General Middleton's forceadvanced on Batoche, no hindrances occurred to impedethem until they arrived about half a mile from a RomanCatholic Church that liad recently been erected at apoint where the trails struck the river bank, before itturned down to Batoche. I'here were some houses nearthe church, and some men were seen in their neighborhood,they speedily decamped after two or three shells andsome rounds from the Gatling gun, under the commandof Captain Howard, late U.S.A., had been fired at them.The General advanced cautiously with his infantry, Nos.1 and 2 Companies of the Grenadiers in front, the othertwo companies in support, and the 90th in reserve, in extendedor skirmisliing order, driving the enemy back untilthe crest of the hill was reached. There he was enabledto bring: his mins into action, and shell the housesof Batoche, which could be seen, and where it was knownthe rebels were entrenched. The General himself describesthis part of the action in the following words ": As thehouses were of a light construction and not very large,not nuich damage was done, and just then as some shotscame froiii across the river, from a bluff along the bank,and as tlie spot the guns were in was completely exposposedto this tire, I directed the guns to retire, and asthey were doing so, suddenly a very heavy fire wasopeneil from what we afterwaids found were some riflepits in a bhifF, just below where theguns had been, butwhich was stopped by a rattling fire from the Gatling,

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 139which was splendidly handled by Captain Howard, ablysupported by Lieut. Rivers, ' A'Battery."I then went otF to the right of my extended line behindthe cliurch and found the men (of the Grenadiers)holding their ground, but exposed to a fire from a bluffwith a newly-made grave in front of it railed in withwood. I tlien ordered the ijatliuiif round to try andsilence their fire, which it did at tirst, owing probably tothe novelty of tliis weapon, as regards the enemy, butshortly afterwards the enemy's tire was renewed, and weafterwards found that they were firing from carefullyconstructedrifie-pits which completely covered themfrom any fire. During this time Captain Peters "A"Battery had endeavored to drive the enemy out of thepits from whence had come the fire which caused me toretire the guns, with a portion of the GarrisonArtilleryof "A" Battery School, but the fire was too hot, and theyhad to retire,leaving a wounded man behind.On my returning to that part of the attack, and hearingof this, I advanced a part of the Midland Battaliondown a coulee orbluH'on the left, between the cemeteryand the church, with orders to keep up a hot fire, so as todistract the attentionof the enemy from the spot wherethe wounded man was lying, and also directed a part ofthe 9()th and lOtli (Grenadiers) v/ho were lying down inadvance across the trail,to do the same, and sent down amanparty of the Artillery with a stretcher to bring theback, which they did without hesitation ; and to my greatsatisfaction they succeeded in bringing him back, withoutlosing another man, which was what I feared, butunfortunately the man himself was dead."

140 HISTORY OF THE KOYAL GRENADIERS.Very heavy fatigue duty fell upon theGrenadiers atthis time. It was work in camp making trenches, orwork in the open under fire from the rebels day in andday out. The state of affairs was very much like whichit is said used to exist on the oldEast India sailing vesselsamong the sailors described pithily thus :" Seven days shalt thou workAnd do all thou art ableOn the seventhHolystone the deck and scrape the cable "The casualities after the fighting on May 9th consistedof two men killed, one officer and nine men wounded.One of tlie men killed was Private Thomas Moore of theGrenadiers. Captain Mason also of the regiment andPrivates Stead and Cantwell were among the latter.On ]\lay 10th little more was done than to keep aneye upon the enemy though the Grenadiers were out allday.There was some slight skirmishing on both sides,one man being killed and five wounded among the General'scommand.On May 11th General Middieton started to reconnoitrethe prairie ground about Batoche taking with him Boulton'sscouts or Mounted Infantry and the Gatling gun.Speaking of the day's work the General says, " I foundit was a good large plain of an irregular shape about twomiles long and one thousand yards in the broadest partwith a sort of sliglit ridge running down the centre andsome undulations. We saw a good many men movingabout on our left front, and fired two or three roundsfrom the Gatling, at the same time lining the crest ofthe ridge with some of Boulton's men which soon drew apretty smart fire from the edge of the bluffs running

ON THE WAY TO THE NO]{THWKST. 141parallel to the ridge, which we soon saw was defendedby a series of rifle-pits. * * * After firin

:142 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.wounded all very slightly. This showed that my menwere becoming more at home in this mode of warfare,and though as yet we had not made much progress I resolved,to use a historical expression, " to peg away "until I succeded in my object of taking Batoche which Iwas sure I should do. During the day the men left behindto protect the camp and the teamsters added totheslight parapet and trenches already made, and made atraverse across the soutli side of the Zarcba, which wouldhave effectually prevented any shots from doing mischiefin the camp."About midday on May 12th the events were as is furthertold by the General, thus^P ^F '^p ^r ^ "^ ^^ "n^May 12th, 1885." Two companies of the Midland, 60 men in all, underLieut.-Col. Williams, were extended on the left and movedup to the cemetery, and the Grenadiers, 200 strong, underLieut.-Col. Grasett prolonged the line to the right beyondthe church, the 90th being in support. The Midland andGrenadiers, led by Lieut.-Cols. Williams and Grasett, thewhole led by Lieut.-Col. Straubenzie, in command of thebrigade, they dashed forward with a cheer and drove theenemy out of the pits in front of the cemetery and theravine to the right of it, thus clearing the angle at theturn of the river. During all this time a heavy fire waskept up from the other side of the river, which annoyedour advance.few of the Midland Regiment in pits on the bank of theThis was kept down as best we could by ariver, and one company of the 90th Regiment was sent to

ON THE WAY TO THE NCmTHWEST. 143support Lieut.-Col. Williams on the extreme left. TheMidland Regiment and Grenadiers kept pushinf^ on gallantly,led by Cols. Straubenzie, Williams and Grasett,until they held the edge of the bluffs surrounding theleft part of the plain, where the houses were. Just beforethis a mostpromising young officer, Lieutenant Fitchof the Grenadiers was killed.""It w^as at this period that the late lamented CaptainFrench was killed by a shot from theravine while lookingout of the window at Batoche's house.This officer'sloss was keenly felt and mourned by the whole force.He had been with the force from the commencement andhe was always ready for the front and his cheerfulnessand good humour was proverbial and had a cheerful effecton the whole camp.A company of the Grenadiers was sent along the riveron our left up to the house of the rebel Cliampagne and acompany of the 00th was sent well forward on the right,as a few desultorv shots were fired from a ravine there.By evening all firing ceased and I went up to the campfor the men's blankets and food and we bivouacked forthe night round the buildings."E. J. C. in the Montreal IStar writing on Batoche said:* * " The rebels stuck to their rifle-pits with great tenacityand several of them were run through with thebajT-onet while taking aim. One Indian whose face presenteda horrible picture from the hideous war-paint,discharged his rifle without success against a captain,and although the bayonets were close upon him, openedthe breech block to ineert another cartridofe when hereceived his quietus at the hands of a stalwart Grena-

144 HISTORY OF 'J'HE ROVAL GRENADIERS.dier who ran liis bayonet through the Indian with suchforce that the savao-e was lifted from his feet and carriedover the edge of his pit at the point of his rifle.But very few shots were fired by our men during thedash down the slope,but every one told and rebels wereseen tumbling over like nine-pins among the brushwood.In the*****bluffs, a short distance across the openfrom the bottom of the slope a large number of therebels gathered and for some minutes held in check thetroops.*" The men were as steady as rocks. The rebels werescattered in all directions, the puffs of smoke from thebush and the whizz of bullets overhead, showed thatthey had retired, not retreated and were bound on contestingevery bluff."Another account of the fight at Batoche is given by"Maxwell Drew," the late (alas that I should have towrite 'the late') Captain A. M. Irving in his sketch entitled'The Sergeant's Story," published in 1895 in theToronto Evening Telegram." Now all this toime the Gineril had'nt bin say in' aword, but the old man had bin sawin' wood just the sameoi'm thinkin', and the next day the 12th of May, he gaveus all the excitemint we were wantin' an' Riel an'Dumont an' the rest ov thim a blame sight more than theybargained for oi'm thinkin', Ye see, sor, it wuz jist thisway. The Gineril thought fer to attack wid all themounted min from the plain to the novth, draw theinemy from the cinter an' let the infantry push on beyondthe roiflc pits. Then ye see, would attack wid thewhole foorce an' capture theposition wid a ringin Brit-

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 145ish cheer as laid down in the Field exercise of 1882 : thinthe rest wud be a walk-over. He gives orders to KurnelStraubenzie fer to push on wid the infantry as far out aswe wuz the day before an' lay down an' wait, jist as soonas he heard the scouts firing over on the right. Ye see,there wuz a strong 9 o'clock wind blowin' acrost thecamp an' divil a bit of firin' did any ov us hear at all atall, so uv coorse divil a step did we stir. Bimebyuprides the Gineril as mad as the divil thin kin' that ' someone had blundered.' He kicks up the very ould Harry becausewe had'nt advanced whin the firin' l)egan. KurnelStraubenzie he ups an' tells him the why fore an' theGineril he sez, ' very well, we'll try over again,' sez he.Now sor, oi ain't no military expert, but to my way ovthinkin' it's a lucky thing we did'nt hear the firin' fer yesee the Rebels not hearin', nor seein' anythin' ov us inthe cinteran' on the left very naturally supposes that wewuz all goin' fer to let go at thim from the right an' let itgo at that.Well sor, thin we gets a bit uv somethin' to eatan' were soon out to the front agin. There was'nt goin'to be no misfake nor nothin'this toime. We wuz drawnup in extended order two companies ov the Midland onthe left, the Grenadiers 200 strong right plum in thecintre an' the 90th in support. We had a koind ov afeelin' that things so fur was a koind of a saw-off' loike>'but by the Lord Harry we got roight down to work inrale earnest now, an' what's more, we done overtoime inthe bargain. W^e pushed on steadily into the bush. Theguns tuk up an advanced position an' kept on peggin'away fer all they wuz worth. The mounted men prolongedthe line to the right. We kept goin' on an' onJ

146 HISTORY OF THE EOYAL GRENADIERS.an' thin the long looked for command to double' came at'last an' off we wint. We got a terrific volley from abatch ov roifle pits, that koind ov staggered some ov usfer a minit." * !God save us'sez Mac." Thin koind ov half turnin' towards me he sez."' Good bye, old man,' sez he, ' there aien't no knowin'what may God bless ye, Oirish, stick close to me,an'.'"Tut, tut, sez I, luck to yerself Mac, iis alwaysthinkin' ov me ye are,an' whatevt r else he moight havebin goin' to say wuz drowned in the ringin' shout thatbroke from ivery mothers son ov us, as we liAcd our bayonetsan' cleared over the first bluff. That was the first'bluff' the Grenadiers ever tuk sor, an' it did'nt takethim long aitlie-"." 'Come on Grenadiers ' sez Kurnal Straubenzie keep'steady an' we'll clear thim out ' he sez, an' on we wmtwid a cheer that moight have bin many a poor soul'sdeath cry, yellin' an' runnin' loike the very mischief.What's that yer sayin' sor ? wuz oi fi oightened ? Godsave ve sor there was'nt no toime fer to be froi

ON THE WAV TO THE NORTHWEST. 147after pit, past the grave yard into the ravine, past theblurt's an' acrost the open through a shower of bullets.Hard work wuz it ? well I shouhl say so, the Rebelsfought loike the very mischief, they stuck to their pitsan' kept up a steady foire, till they seen it wuz no use.We had bin joined by the 90th who prolonged the lineto the roight, an' the scouts wuz on the roight of thimagin. The first house we struck, oii' scampered somehalf-breeds an' we knew the end wuz near. Therewas'nt mucli ov the line left by this toime, men ov theleft flank wuz mixed up wid men ov the roight, an' iverywan wuz scurryin' along in a ' go as you please ' sort ova way, but wid one idea, to capture Batoche, to set theprisoners free an' avenge the poor boys who had fall indurin' the day. About four hundred yards from the villagea man came out wid a flag ov truce, but the (iineriltould him that if Mister Kiel wanted fer to chat wid himthat he'd have fer to come out himself an' so the fireworksgoes on. We cleaned Batoche's house out in shortorder an' in a few minits afterwards Captain French ovthe scouts wuz killed. Now there wuz a fine soldier if Iever seen wan, but he had to go I s'pose. .lack Fox wuzwid him when he wuz hit an' sez he, he only said a few'words an' thin died.' The next house wuz where theprisoners wuz locked up.Well sor, we soon had thim atliberty an' stampin' about tit to bate the band, an' if yeiver seen a glad lot ov niin in yer loife, well it wuz thim." 'God bless yez, boys. God bless yez, sez they, we wuzgoin' to be shot to-night.'" On we went the rebels scatterin' in all directions.The camp on the bank of tiie river wuz deserted ex-

148 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.ceptin' by wimin and children. VVe pushed on about amile past the village an' halted. The half breeds an'Injins put for the river like the very mischief an' leftthe Gineril in possession, an' that ended the Charge on'Batoche,' that is if ye call it a'charge ; ' but to tell yethe truth soi-, it wuz notliin' more nor less than a foightan' a fut race—400 men in skirmisliin' order wid theirbaynits tixed, runnin', cheerin', yellin', and shootin', allstrugglin' fer first place at the finish—an' if ye call thata charge then * ' it wuz a charge,' an' a good wan at'that. A lot of the poor divils got covvld steel for supperdurin' the ' charge.' Hogan's bnynit got jammed in anIngin's breast an' Hogan couldn't git it out, sor. Sowhat does he do but untix it Judgin' the toime loike,an' come on wid the rest ov us lavin' the baynit stickin'in the good Injin.' The 'charge wuz a great ' ' successsure enough, but ye know the ould sayin', sor, ' nixt todefeat the saddest thing is victory.' Poor LiftinintFitch, sor, he wuz shot through the heart durin' the'charge,' an' dietl without .a word. He met his death inharness loike a soldier an' a man if tliat's any consolation,an' he slapes up in Mount Pleasant Cemetery now, sorenough, enough, poor bye. Captain Brown of the Scoutswas killed too, an' Liftinint Kippin' of Dennises an' a'man named Fraser of the 90th. Our Adg.' got a ball inhis foot that ])ut him out of mess for a while, but hedidn't seem to moind it, he jist sez, ' oi wonder if thatwiiz mint for me ? the divil's got his windage all right,but his elevation is all wnmg, I guess he's shootin witha ' V^' Major Dawson, he was hit in the ankle an' anasty hurt it wuz too, oi m thinkin', but he woidd't give

I'AI'l. J, i). MA'.K.W.( AJJiitaui. )t'.\rr. w. \\ lAssiKCAl'I. W. LKH.MANN. (.API. Ci. A. sriMSON.

-—ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 149in he w^as knocked out. Captain Caston got a shottlirough liis cap, an' anotlier thro' his tunic, hut he didn'tseem to moitid, lie seemed satisfied as lons^ as his shirt'wuz safe an' sound.' Our J^ittinint* got tlie skin tookoff the in

150 HISTORY OF THE HOVAI. OKENADIERS.tured the second line.Then a ravine was occupied andthe enemy driven out. The firing here was very heavy.This past, the left swung round and enfiladed the mainpits. These were soon emptied, and a rusli was madefor the houses. It was not till then that the guns andthe 90th came up, the former on the hill beliind us, thelatter on our right. We had 60 of the Midland Regimentwith us from the first. They were on the extremeleft. Tlie houses were captured after a warm but shortfight. We were greatly bothered by marksmen on theop|)Osite side of the river, who fired on us in comparativesafety. The UOth were on our right, Boulton's Horseand the Intelligence Corps on their right again. It wasa most brilliant ati'air. The cheering^ on our side seemedgreatly to disturb the enemy's e(|uanimity. The sight ofthe glittering steel settled the (question. They turnedand fied, and in doing so, many were shot down.A number were bayoneted ; one man's bayonet becamejammed in an Indian's breast so that he could not pull itout ; he coolly unfixed it from the rillo and left it. * ** We in the camp were quite taken by surprise whenwe heard the cheering, we knew something was up. Isent one of my stretchers out with the regiment, butwhen the men disappeanni in the bluff I immediatelyordered out the other, and went up with it at the double.My am})ulance lias pulled out fifteen wounded so farmany of them under fire. They have not been backwardwitli the rifle either wlien tlie otlier duties permitted.Tlie officers all expressed satisfaction with their servicesand with the field hospital."As regards the killed, we have had two: Private

ON THK WAY TO TB]. NORTHWEST. 151Moore was shot in the liead by a round ball, which crushedhis skull, glanc(Ml off' througli another man's arm andslightly wounded a third. My men brought him outunder heavy fire.* » * ipj^^ Gatlinocoveredour retreat. The balls were fairly squirted involleys. He was living but unconscious and died in abouttour hours. He was a nice boy and greatly liked by hiscomrades.Poor Fitch was shot right through the heartand died without uttering a word. He is veiy muchmissed for he was greatly beloved as a generous, unselfish,good-hearted fellow." Captain Mason's wound was much more serious thanwas at Hrst supposed. An inch further and it wouldhave ended his career. Two slugs went in and came outagain. He is doing well and out of danger now. Manleywas shot in the sole of the foot and had a narrowshave.Major Dawson's wound was on the outer side ofthe leg, near the ankle.Caston had one bullet throughhis hair and another through his coat. Irving had theskin taken off the end of his nose. The Sergeant-Major'sshoulder-strap was shot away.Sergeant Curzon attendedmy andjulance class last winter and learned how tostop bleeding. His knowledge enabled him to save thelife of a man who was shot in the main artery of thearm and was fast bleeding to death. He did it * underfire.'"We had 21wounded during the three days work, besidestwo who hurt themselves badly by falling into theenemy's rifle pits during the chai'ge. We have lost theservices of 41 by sickness, wounds, or death since weleft, starting with 271 men, we now have 280."

—152 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Another account of Batoclie is that given by Henty,the war correspondent of tlie London Standard. It wasas follows, and was transmitted by cablegram :From the Standard.Fk^hting inThursday, May 14th, 1885.Canada.Batoche, Tuesday." This morning General Middleton started on a reconnaissancewith theCavalry, one gun, and a Catling, towardsthe hills two miles distance, among wliicli somerebels were encamped.Shots were exchanged and one of the troops was killed.A messenger from Riel having come out to say that ifany women or children were killed by us the prisonerswould be put to death, Lieut. Kippen was sent forwardwith a flag of truce, to say we did not kill women orchildren, and that if Riel would put them in a safe place,and inform us of its direction, we would not fire at it.After the reconnoitering party returned to camp, thetroops had their dinner and at one o'clock advancedagainst the enemy's position, led b}^ the Toronto Grenadiers.Without a moment's hesitationthey dashed into thebush, and with a rush carried the rifle pits from whichthe enemy had harassed us on Saturday, and then sweptthe enemy before them down a short valley dotted withbush into the plain, whicli extends half a mile back fromthe river bank.On one side of the plain the enemy had dug a longrange of rifle pits, from which they opened fire as we

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 153advanced towards the village of Batoche, which standsin the centre of the phiin. The ground to be crossed wasopen, and for the most part under cultivation, thoughhere and there were patches of brushw^ood.As the Grenadiers had cleared the valley, the othercorps had come up, and the Grenadiers and Iknilton'sHorse advanced together with the Intelligence corps ontheir flank.The scene was a pretty one as the troops advanced, thepuffs of smoke darting out from the houses of the village,and fi-inging the bush covere

154 nrSTOHY ok THK IIOYAL CiREXADII-UiS.•Several of tlio enemy were killed as the Onmadiersrushed the riile pits, and some more were shot as wecleared the valley; but the total nuijd»er engaged wassmall, and there can be no doubt tliat many of those whofought against us on Saturday must have retired beforethe fighting bigaii.There isgreat satisfaction at our having recovered theprisoners uninjured, but although Kiel threatened to killthem if we advanced, it is not probable that he intendedto do so, as such an act would have placed him and thosewith him beyond the hope of mercy.A despatch had been received from the Northcote, atwhose absence some uneasin

ON THK WAV To THE NOJl'lUWEST. 155and Captain J\l an Ic}^ adjutant.Company officers, Capts.Caston, Mason, Spencer, Harston ; Lients. Howard, Gibson,Irving, Hay, Morrow, l^^itcli, Michie and Eliot.Durino- tlie journey along the North shore, CaptainSpencer ^vas completely prostrated hy an attack of rheumatism,and Lieut. Morrow was aceidentlv shot in theleg. Both these officers were taken Ijack to Toronto.After the engagement at Fish Creek, while waiting incamp there, Lieuts. Eliot and Gibson, sutiering fromsevere attacks of rheumatism, were placed on boardthe steamer Northcote svith other invalid officers, andwhile on board, aided in the defence of the steameragainst the tierce attack made upon her by the rebelswhen running the gauntlet at Batoche.During the fighting before Batoche, the Grenadiers hadone officer killed, Lieut. Fitch, and three wounded, MajorDawson and Capts. Manley and Mason, so that on theevening of the day on which Batoche was captured therewere left efficient onlv seven combatant officers in theregiment. A special fatality seemed to attach to No. 3Company;killed or wounded.every officer belonging or attacluMl to it beingThis goes to show how fully the officersshared with their men the hardships and dsmgers ofthe campaign.The men of the Grenadiei's were peculiarly well fittedfor this campaign, being hardy, intelligent and strong,able to endure fatigues and privations, and fitted by theirvarious occupations to make themselves peculiarly useful.For instance, on the way along the North shore, inthe beginning of the journey, the wheels of the tenderjumped the track. This occurred many miles from thenearest station, and what looked like a long delay was

156 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERSspeedily put ri^ht by some of the men who were regularilyemployed in the Grand Trunk r(!pair shops, Toronto.Then on the line of march across the prairie theGeneral found it rrcquently necessary to connnunicateby wire with different points, the Grenadiers furnishedmen wlio were expert at cutting and n pairing wires,and so assisted in this matter.In the matter of courage and pluck they were alsoconspicuous, Many instances might be related in supportofthis statement, but one or two will suffice.When General Middleton made his last halt before advancingon Batoche, camp was formed early in theafternoon, and orders issued that on the following morningevery available fighting man must join the attackingcolumn, and all non-combatants and sick or disabledmen remain in camp. The details of the plan ofattack as ordered b}'' the General, provided that theGrenadiers should have the post of honor, and lead theattack, and it was well known that the resistance wouldbe such that a bloody struggle was anticipated, so theSurgeons of the different corps made an examination ofmen who were on the sick-list with the view to ascertainwhether or not they were fitted for the attack on thefollowing day.One of the officers of the Grenadiers in passing fromone part of the camp to the other heard his name calledout, " Captain "and looking around he saw theSurgeon, Dr. Ryerson, engaged in a discussion with oneof the men of the regiment—Private Martin. This manhad his foot frozen in travelling along the north shore ofLake Superior, and so badly, that the great toe was

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 157almost off, and he had been stru^gliii^ along for sometime with a piece of blanket wrapped around his foot,and wearing a moccasin. Dr. Ryerson told this man hewould have to remain in the camp, but Martin insistedupon marching out with his comrades to take part in thetight, and appealed to Captain to speak on hisbehalf. This was done and the man permitted to go.It was rather an unlucky decision for him, as he wasvery severely wounded, his shoulder being In-oken, andhe has a crippled arm to this day.An instance to show the spirit of the men. On thelast day when they were travelling on sleighs and onfoot between the gaps on the North Shore, night foundthem at the end of the track, and the other end of thetrack had to be reached by a long march of some hoursduration across the ice.This march promised to be theseverest struggle of the journey. It was pouring rain,pitch-dark, the snow, nearly three feet on the level, wasmelting fast and becoming slushy. Many of the menwere foot-sore, suffering from frost-bites, colds and rheumatism.All the baggage and supplies had to be transportedin sleighs over this gap, and an officer of theRegiment was detailed to superintend that duty. TheCommanding Officer suggested to this officer that accommodationmight be made for those of the men who weremost worn out to ride on the sleighs sitting on the baggage.In order to carry out this suggestion, the officer incharge got the regiment formed up and briefly addressedthem, stating that many of them must be suffering severelyfrom exposure and fatigue, that the march before themwould test the endurance of the strongest, and said that

:158 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.twenty or thirty could be accoiiiiiiodated with seats inthe sleiglLs, and that tliose men who felt unable to makethis march could fall out on the reverse flank of tliecolunm. The result showed the spirit of the men, fornot a single man left the raidvs, all preferring to sharethe hardships oftheir conu'ades.In Dr. Ryerson's letter the

V•-/CAPT. A. J. liOWi CAl'T. A. i:. IIOODKRHAM.CAPT. II. A. \MLLiS. CAPT. K. O. M«.>N!i;OMKKV.

ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 159" First day, 4 killed and five wounded ; second day, 2wounded ; third day, 3 wounded ;fourth day, 47 killed,1(33 wounded." Total, 51 killed, and 173 wounded." In one of the English papers I am represented ashaving been waiting at F^ish Creek for reinforcement,of having asked for 1,000 men, and as having been I'einforcedby the IVIidland Regiment, and as having foughtwith 1,000 men, and arms superior to the enemy. Thereal facts of the case being as follows : I was waiting atFish Creek, as you know, to get rid of my wounded, andget oats up, and not for reinforcements. Only 100 menofthe Midland Regiment reached me then under Lieut.-Col, Williams, and as I had lost, killed and wounded,nearly (iO men, and had to put 35 men on board the Northcote,my actual reinforcement was 5 men. As regards theactual number of men engaged out of my total force of724 othcers and men, owing to having to leave 100 mento protect my camp, leaving wounded and sick men, cooks,anuuunition carriers, assistants to ambulances, etc., I wasonly able to bring 405 men into the engagement and tinsincluded theArtillery and Gatling which, owing to liienature of the position, were not able to do so much damageas the infantry. So that with about 400 men w^drove with heavy loss of force, (taking the lowest estimation),(100 Half-breeds and Indians, many of them armedwith loi 'jf-rauijc rilles, and who were considered the finestand best prairie fighters in the country, out of a strongposition, carefully selected and entrenched by themselves.After this I need say no more concerning the conductduring the engagemeut, (,)f the whole force. Fro»n my

—:;IbOHISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.second in command, Lieut-Col. Sfcraubenzie, I receivedevery assistance, and on the 12th, liis leading of hisbrigade was beyond praise."The conduct of Lt.-Cols.,Montizambert, commandingArtillery ; Williams, commanding Midland regimentLt.-Col. Orasett, commanding Grenadiers, and Major]\IcKeand, commanding 90th Regiment, was everythingI could wisli. Lt.-Col. Williams and Lt.-Col. Grasetttcame prominently to my notice from the gallant wayin which they led and cheered their men on the left,rush by rush, until they gained the house on the plain,the former having connnenced the rush.The field officersof the different Infantry regiments. Major Smith andHughes, Midland ; MajorBoswell and ActingDawson, Grenadiers ; MajorMajor and Adjt. Buchan, 90th regiment,are e([ually to be connnended for their behaviouron this and other days."The list of killed and wounded at Batoche is a sad one.A full list of the former and of the wounded belonging tothe Grenadiers is here givenNorthwest Field Force under Major-General Middleton,C. B. Return of officers and men killed during theattack on Batoche from 9th to 12th May inclusive.24th May, 1885.HANK AND NAMES. CAUSE OF DKATII. UEMARKS." A"Bfvttery :—Gr. Wm. Phillips Gun shot wound. 9th May10th Royal Gren.-vdiers :Lieut. W. Fitch* 12th May.Pte. T Mooro»th May.

——90th Battalion :—ON THE WAY TO THE NORTHWEST. 161Pte. R. R. Hardisty Gun shot wound. 10th May.Pte. James Fraser " 12th May.Boulton' Scouts:Capt. E. L. Brown " 12th May.French's Scouts —:Capt. John French " 12th May.Intelligence Corps :Lieut. A. W. KippenRecapitulation :— 2 iith May.] 10th '•'5 12th "12th May.Total 8WOUNDED OF THE llOYAL GRENADIERS.10th Royal Grenadiers :Pte. Brisbane Forehead 11th May." Eager Jaw 12thCorpl. Foley Side 11thPte. H. Millsom Chest 12th*'" A.Martin Shoulder 10th«*" Marshall Ankle 12th*'" Bnrher ...Head 12th"" Cantwell Hand and thigh Oth "" *'Quigley Right arm 12thCapt. Mauley Foot 11th "**Major Dawson Leg IJthPte. Hughes Ruptured in action. . . 12th, . .12thCapt. Mason Side 9th '•Bugler Gaughun Hand**Pte. Cook Arm 12th"«'Stead Arm 9th••Scobel Arm 10thTotal 17K'**''*

162 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Captain Harston, of the Royal Grenadiers, was appointedafter the battle of Batoche, by the Major- Generalcommandinf^, to the post of Infantry Brigade-Major.Captain Young, of the Winnipeg Field Battery, ]\ad heldthe post up to this date, but he had been detached by theGeneral to take charge of Kiel after his surrender, andhad gone with him to Regina.

LIKl r. I. C. S.MITl!. Liiar. A. y. n. martin.LIKIT. H. K. O KKILIA", I.IKIT. I). C. MKVKRS

CHAPTER VII.THE SKKCKAXT's DIARY—RETURN TO TORONTO— irOW THE CITY RECEIVEDHER SOLDIERS—PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS—CONCLUSION.^ (^EFORE concluding the account ofthe Northwestexpedition, so faras the battle of Ba-toche, a few reminiscences of the Grenadier'sjourney from Toronto, of their march across((^O" country, and of their eventful six weeks from1^"^March 30th to May 12th, 1885, may properlybe given.Crossing Lake Superior on the ice, men, footsoreworn with fatigue,andrefused to take the sleighs belongingto the transport, even when urged by their officers to doso, because they knew so many of their comrades mustof necessity march. Again when the Grenadiers werebarracked in the schooner, M. L. Breck, they actuallyslept with moisture pouring on to their faces from thethawing ice, with which the sides of the vessel's holdwere encrusted, and which the heat of the men's breathmelted. It is a comparatively small matter, but it isworth recording that on the railway journey northward,there was at times not even sitting space for the wholeof the men, and on one occasion they were sixty-sixNor was there for many ofhours continually in a train.them even " the soft side of a board " for a resting place atnight. Their only couch was beir'^ closely jammed on

:164 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.the seats of the railway cars, without a chance to getany comfortable rest. Yet it was borne brightly andcheerfully, the Grenadiers were " Ready, aye Ready," ^'oranything and for everything.The regiment had been specially selected by Major-General Middleton to accompany him to Batoche for thefollowing reasons. First, they were commanded by experiencedofficers, who knew what discipline was andenforced it in this battalion. In the second place, theGeneral knew the Grenadiers were as capable of doinga hard days work at road-making or ditching as theywere steady on parade and expert rifle shots.Nor was this determination of the Grenadiers to dotheir duty, unnoticed or unappreciated by those whowatched them from a distance. Canada was proud of hersons, Toronto gloried in the " Grens.," the " Queen'sOwn " and the " Body Guards." Were they not fromthe city, of the city, were they not our neighbors, ourbrothers or our friends.The fortunes of the Toronto contingent were followedeagerly by all Toronto; the city gloried in their successes,sympathised with their wounded, and sincerelymourned for their honored dead. Of these last it waswritten at the time." Not in the quiet churchyard, near those who loved them best,But by the wiUl Saskatchewan they laid them to their rest,A simple soldiers' funeral, in that lonely spot was theirs.Made cjnsecrate and holy by a nation's tears and prayers."The poetical account of the Expedition written byS. A. C. (Mrs. Curzon) is so simple and yet so touchingthat it is given hei'e also

;;—THE sergeant's DIARY. 165O, but they sprang at 'A\e call !The call of the bugle to anusS})rang as a man to the fightThe fight, not of foreign alanns.Tramped through the ice and the snow,Tramped through the forest and swampLay with the stars for a roof,Dried by the dead-branch fire the damp.Hoar on the hair hung the frost,Stiff with the frost the moustache,Mustachios so silky and soft,And curled, to be sharp as a lash !Rations ofhard-tack and tea.Rations of notliing for hours ;But ever the heart ofthe braveEver the will that o'erpowers.Sense of the stress of the timeMakes of a biscuit a feast.Strengthens for duty the soul.Reckons for comfort the least.Frozen and cramped of the hands,Frozen and cramped of the feet ;Chill to the marrow, the windBlinding, the rain and the sleet.Footsore and sleepless and worn,Over Superior they go ;Stumbling mid hummocks of ice,rioutering and plunging through snow.

—166 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Onward and onward the march,On to broad Saskatchewan ;Peering to right and to leftFor a sign of the light that's begun.Middleton flashes the word ;*'Grenadiers, here to your post !How shall the river that flowsLike a si;.rge of the sea-tide be crossed ?"" There goes the Gatling again !Cross ? We must cross as we may !Rig this old jerry- scow up;Men, there is always a way.Over the tide they are gone ;Taste their flrst blood at Fish Creek ;Bury their dead where they fell,Follow the foe whom they seek.O, the wooded ravines of Batoche !Frederick laythere with his men,Firing till scrub there was none,Rifle-pits Hring again.lireast on the sod, and the chinResting in liollow it made ;Beard and the roots of the grassMingling as threads of one blade.Breast oa the sod for three days,fcileepless and hungry and blackO, for a rush on the foe !Middleton, wise, held them back.

IJKir. S. K. SLOAN K LiKii. J. r. (.rak;

———THE sergeant's DIARY. 167Breast on the sod, and the chinResting in hollow it made ;Lift but an inch from the slope,Life is the penalty paid.Crook bnt an elbow too high,Crack ! and a ball from below ;O, for the word of command0, for a rush on the foe.•'Charge "! and they sweep like the windMidlanders, Ninetieth, and Grens.Out leap the foe from their holes,And scatter like sheep from the pens." On to the church, men ; the church IThere are the women and priests ;On to the house, men, the house !Give the poor prisoners release."'Tis done.And Batoche is a dream,Its terrors, its sufferings, its tears ;But forever it blazons the flagOf your service, O brave Grenadiers.c.One more word about the actual fighting at Batoche.It has often been asked why General Middleton delayedthe final attack upon Batoche, many reasons havebeen assigned, the probable one is this, that he thoughthe could in time tire out the enemy and that they wouldcapitulate and thus save many lives. It must bo bornein mind that the troops in his command were not regularsbut militia, that in many, if not in all cases, theywere bread-winners, and had others dependent upon

;168 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.them, and, although to many people General Middleton'sdelay seems inexplicable, the probablereason is the onethat has just been stated, the desire to protect as far aspossible the lives ofhis men.He could certainly have made an advance upon Batocheon May 9th or 10th at the latest, but there is nodoubt that had he done so itwould have been a hand-tohandconflict, and that many brave and useful men wouldhave fallen, whose lives, through the tactics GeneralMiddleton adopted, were saved to the country, as it was,the loss was very great, not less than eight beingkilled and 46 wounded on our side, during the four days'attack upon Batoche, from May 9th to the 12tli inclusive.Of the killed, one officer and one private were from theGrenadiers also three officers and 15 men more or lessseriously wounded.The following diary was kept by Color-Sergeant F.Francis of the Royal Grenadiers, and may be introducedhere most appropriately :Friday, April 10th.—Left Fort Qu'Appelle at six a.m. inthe same waggons; passed through a fine parklike country,a lot of gophers to be seen on the road. The boys hadgreat fun running after them. The country sandy insome parts, went 25 miles, camped on the prairie ; startednext morning, Saturday 11th, at 7 a.m. A bluftycountry with a lot of sloughs ; saw a few farms ofHalf-breeds on the road ; reached Touchwood about 5p.m. Saturday;left a man sick at the Hudson Bay storetwo houses besides the store ;the hills are rolling but notsteep. Had 20 rounds of ball served out to us at Touchwood.Fresh butter served out—a great treat, and fresh

aTHE sergeant's DIARY. 169bread ; more blankets served out here, making three eachman. A fine day, but very cold at night ; no candles tobe had ; no salt or sugar.Sunday April 12th, 7 a.m.—Fine day. Saw a familyof Indians picking up the crumbs we left behind—miserable looking lot of people shivering with the cold—advanced to the big Touchwood hills;the country only more hilly.no difference inSaw a bear in the distance,too far to shoot at ; saw a flock of geese and a lot of rabbits; camped on the plain—made about 25 miles ; 75scouts caught up to us here under command of MajorBoulton—a hardy looking lot of men mounted on smallponies, alldressed in corduroy breeches and fustian coatswith helmets and slouch hats, armed with repeatingrifles, revolvers and knives ; a very strange saddle withwooden stirrups ; they camped with us for the night, andpushed on next day to overtake the General.Monday morning, April 13th.—Struck camp at 7 a.m.to take enough woodStarted for the Salt Plains ; hadand water for six rations, as there is none to be got onthe plains. The water is very salt, not fit to drink. Theprairie is very flat and wet, in some places up to the waggonbox. Arrived at the middle of the plains at 4 o'clock.Camped on General Middleton's old camping ground.He is a day ahead yet. We have made about eighteenmiles ;everybody very tired. There is a mail shantyhere where the mail changes horses ; the ground verydamp, but we have had rubber sheets served out, so itdoes not matter much. Posted some post cards;got afrying pan, a thing that we wanted much. The countrya level flat,the lake.not a thing to be seen for miles, like being on

170 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Tuesday morning, April 14th.—Struck tents at 7a.m.Started on the road ; nothing new. I have been withthe leading waggon all the way from Qu'Appelle. Encampedon the plains about 5 p.m. Had supper of hardtack and tea.Wednesday, April 15th.—Struck tents at 7 a.m.Packed our knapsacks into the wa^^gons—the rest ofwaggons except those with supplies w^ere sent back. Westart to march with an advance guard and a rear guard.I was in charge of the leading files of the advance guard.Came to a little bush of wood poplar. A mounted policemancame to meet us; he is posted at Humboldt.Encamped about four miles from Humboldt ; in thisplace one house, where the telegraph man lives. Thetrail here branches off to Prince Albert. We followedthe old trail by the telegraph poles ;pitched tents, madeabout 20 miles ; some of us very tired, myself tired butnot footsore as a good many of them were.Thursday, April 16th.—Struck tents at 7 a.m. Hadhard -tack and canned meat as usual for rations ; startedagain with advance guard. A fine country but no trees,plenty of small lakes.It was snowing when we started,blowing a hard gale in our faces ; mad^ marching veryhard ; had to ford two or three str'^ams ; a hard march ;two of my advance files gave out ; had to ride on thdknapsacks ;near played out myself ; stopped for dinnerat noon, hard-tack, canned meat and water fordinner.Blowing very cold with snow all the time. Saw a foxon the hill ; some of the teamsters fired at it, but missedit. Encamped for the night on the prairie. Not muchwood to get a little tea with.All very tired indeed, and

:THE sergeant's DIARY. 171wet, made 24 miles.encamped ; everyone had a letter but mystlf ; wasThe postman arrived soon after wedisappointed.A Toronto Globe of April 6th was given toeach company ;had a good laugh when we were able toread it. We have no candles yet ; it is miserable withoutlight, and no one can see in the tents now to coverhimself up, or move around with twelve men stretchedon the ground. We all miss oatmeal very much ; it iswanted bad.Friday, April 17th.—Started at 7 a.m. A fine countrybut no wood to be seen ; dinner of fresh meat and hardtack;beans for breakfast, plain, boiled in water. It isvery cold ; had to march with overcoats on ; startedagain after dinner, encamped on General Middleton's oldground ; made 25 miles this day ;still it first-class health,feet in good order yet ; seen no wood for the last twodays.'Saturday, April 18th.—General Middleton is stilltwelve miles ahead, at Clark's Crossing. W^e started asusual. Made about 11 miles; had dinner and about onehour's rest, but it is very cold ; fixed ourselves up a littleand started again for Clark's Crossing. Saw the campin the distance. Some of the men in camp came out tomeet us. General Middleton's camp is on the SaskatchewanRiver. We marched into camp a-nd pitched tents,etc., and made ourselves comfortable. Had some sugar,hard-tack, one candle, and some pork served out to eachcompany, for a treat. About 4 p.m., the scouts broughtin three Indians, they captured them about nine milesfrom camp ;they are ugly-looking men, one a chiefthey are dressed in skins as usual, and armed, one with

172 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS,a rifle and two with shot guns. They were interviewedby Lord Melgund and the General. They were taken,put in a tent under guard ;they were well fed and oneof them allowed to go and report to their council, ofthekindness they had received. There were four Indianscouts seen around our camp on Friday night by some ofthe men."A" Battery ofI suppose they are some of these men.100 men, 100 mounted scouts, 40 of" C " Company, Winnipeg Field Battery, 50 men ; 90thBattalion, 280 men ; Royal Grenadiers, 264 men. Theseare all the fighting men in camp, and about 125 twohorseteams to carry our provisions for us. There is nowood here ; it has to be drawn three miles for us to use.We all enjoyed a good night's rest. Every day beforethis we have been up at 4 a.m. This morning (Sunday,April 19th) we were allowed to sleep until 6 a.m. ;breakfastof hard-tack, beans and a little piece of pork. Paradedat 10 a.m. for inspection of arms, after which wehad divine service. The whole camp attended, ColonelGrasett read the Church of England service. The 90thBand played for the singing ": Onward ChristianSoldiers," " Nearer My God to Thee," and " ThQ OldHundredth." It was \ ery touching. Each man wasserved out with a New Testament at Touchwood Hills.We are on the Saskatchewan River now ; it is a broadstream, about 80 yards wide and very swift, about sixmiles an hour I think, and very dirty. The ice is piledup very high from the water ; the water must be twelvefeet lower than it was in the winter. The TemperanceColonization Company own land on each side of theriver, fine land ; they liave a stone house built on tiie

THE sergeant's DIARY. 173river, about five rooms, but the family cleared out whenthe trouble began, and went to Moose Jaw. There isanother house kept by Mr. Clark ; he is doing a goodtrade now, bread forty cents a loaf, butter seventy-fivecents a pound, and so on. Chewing tobacco and matchesare very scarce.I bought some fishing tackle in Winnipeg;I set a night line last night but caught no fish.Everybody is busy writing this afternoon ; I have beenwriting this all the afternoon ; I kept notes from thetime we started till yesterday when I lost my book andhad to borrow another party's book for dates, etc.Justhad word that Kiel and his party are about thirty milesfrom here on the right bank of the river. I hope he willstay there until we get at him. Just had orders that wemarch to-morrow, (Monday). We have the post of honorourselves, and " A " Battery and half of the scouts advanceto attack them. The 90th Winnipeg Battery, and" C " Company go on the other side of the river as ablind ; weshall soon be through now I suppose ; I hopethey will take us down home by Swift Current.Monday, April 20th.—Had orders to cross the riverwith the Winnipeg Battery, but for some reason the orderwas countermanded, and we had to stay in camp allday ; this morning we had drill ; this afternoon was incharge of a party of 25 men fixing an old scow no;trouble ; hope to move to-morrow. It will take sometimeto take us all over, 50 men at a time. Half of thescouts went over yesterday afternoon.Tuesday, 21st April.—Reveille at 5 a.m. Orders are toprepare to start after breakfast. We live better now, getfull rations of meat and biscuits, but no salt or sugar.

;174 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.The fresh meat we kill here. The pickets brout;jht intwo Indians this morninf^ ; they were found prowlingaround the camp last nigfht. One is armed with a gun,and the other with a bow and arrow—I suppose to takedown a sentry without any noise. They are fine builtmen, but ugly. I don't know what they will do withthem. We crossed the river at twelve o'clock, No. 1 Co,first, the supplies after us. We then pitched tents on alevel piece of land, a fine place. The Winnipeg FieldBattery with two guns is with us.I set a fish-line in the river this afternoon ;they tellme there is fish in the river to be caught sometimes, butit is early in the season to catch them.Wednesday, 22nd April.—Up at six. Expected tostart to-day, but did not do so.Stayed in camp all da}'drilled three times in extended order. Had to put ** in the guard tent ; had a false alarm last night ; allthe boys turned out armed. Am told ofi" to quarter guardthis evening ; expect to start for Prince Albert to-morrow.They say the wire is cut between here and Hnmboldtvery strange we have had no mail ; have had no lettersfrom any one since we left Winnipeg. Every one islooking for a letter. I wish the quartermaster wouldgive us some oatmeal or rice for a change. Have hadonly one candle since we left Toronto. This is a finecountry around here.Thursday, 23rd April.—Just got breakfast ;all night ;came around ;on guardwas away when the visiting and grand roundsmade it all right. Nice and warm in theday, but have to make a pillow ofkeep them from freezing stiff.our boots at night toPassed the night without

:THE sergeant's DIARY. 175trouble. We left camp at Clark's Crossing at 7.80 tliisa.m. Glad to be on the move again ;onPrince Albert ;about forty miles.the way now toexpect to meet Riel at Batoche'a Crossing,We left camp in the following ordermyself and four men in advance ; then the rest of thecolumn ; the scouts spread out in front of us for aboutone-half mile, the guns in rear;passed through a finecountry, and encamped for dinner after doing twelvemiles ;dinner cold ; no wood to make tea with. Wenton again, and encamped seven miles further on.Posteda very strong guard. General Middleton moved on theother side of the river with us, and encamped opposite usfor the night. Riel is reported about ten miles from usnow. 1 walked all the way yesterday ;rather tired, as Idid not shut my eyes the night before, as I was onguard.Friday, 24th April.—Struck camp this morning at fiveo'clock, ready to start at six, when our marching orderswere altered, and postponed. They say the eastern mailis with General Middleton ; I wish they would deliver itto us here ; would like to hear from home. I never wasin better health than I am now ; can eat more now thanI ever did before. It is a healthy country. Each manwas served out with ten more rounds of ammunition,making 30 rounds each, Sergeant oO rounds. I amafraid they will not be wanted rsRiel will not stop forus. Everybody is anxious to advance. We have thePrince Albert mail with us to carry through as of coursethe road is not safe for the mail. We have had no rainsince we left Red Rock. They say it never rains heretill June. It is rather rough on our men to have to

;176 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.furnish a guard of 54 men every night ; the pickets haveto lie out all night and march next day. The guard layin tent except those on duty, but the men do notcomplain except for a candle at night. Chewing tobaccois very scarce. We had to march through a lot of wateryesterday ;last night a hard frost. Lord Melgund is onthis side with us, dressed like a scout. Every man isexpecting to have a brush and closing with the enemy.1 hope they may ; had orders to start at 10 a.m. No. 1Company extended twelve paces ; No. 2, support, wentalong for about four miles through a fine country with alittle bush. Heavy firing all the time on the other side.Halted and then the old scow was brought up and No.2 Company crossed over first, then No. 1 Company andNo. 4 Company. No. 3 Company and French's Scoutsbeing left behind to guard the supplies. When we arrivedwe relieved the 90th. Found the enemy down ina hollow about a mile from the river bank. There wasa dead Indian about six yards in front of where I laydown on the bluff of a hill. The Indians are just underneathus, but we cannot get at them very well.had a few shots ;I haveeach one of us 'lave had 100 rounds ofballs served out to us ; there must be a lot of Indianskilled ; I can count ten dead horses as 1 lie here ; there wasan "A" Battery man lying about 20 paces from me, dead;there are about eight of the 90tli dead. Captain Wisehas just been carried by on a stretcher with a ball in hisheel. Some of "A" Battery men have just carried theirdead men away. We covered them while they did so.This is all too bad. We shall have to encamp here tonightI suppose ; we will have to have a strong guard

2ND LIEIT. C. S .McINNl'.S. 2Nn LIKUT. C. S. VVILKIK.

THE sergeant's DIARY. 177have had n

;378 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.with nothing on but our tunics, our overcoats beingacross the river and no way to get them. Had nothingto eat since six in the morning except a biscuit or twothat we had in our haversacks. About .11 o'clock theysent us some canned meat and tea from the camp whichdid us good. We lieard the Indians yelling during thenight but did not see them. The 9Uth relieved us about2 a.m. We turned into their tents wet and all as wewere, and not allowed to remove our boots or anything,and to lay with our arms at our sides. The most miserablenight. Our own tents were over on the other sideof the river ; had to turn out again at seven o'clock to letpart of the 90th come in. No. 1 Company had to relievesome of the 90th at 9 a.m. Took up the sameground to guard we had last night. We made up a bigfire and dried ourselves ; they buried the dead of ourown side that they had this morning, eleven I think.There are a lot of wounded men in camp. The otht r twoguns came across the river during the night but No. 3Company of ours still over there protecting our storesthat are not yet removed We are relieved at 8 p.m.Sunday, 26th April.—An alarm was sounded at about2 a.m. A picket fired about a dozen shots at four horsemen.The whole of the camp stood to their arms ; theBattery limbered up and all ready to march in threeminutes. After standing about ten minutes we weredismissed ; turned in again, had to bunk with the 90thour things are not over yet. Had our breakfast of hardtackand tea. Had divine service at 10 a.m. GeneralMiddleton reading the prayers. We were all under arms,strange to go to church with rifles in hand and 100

ounds of ball ammunition.THE sergeant's DIARY. 179After church a parade partywere told oflf to make roads, another to make littersand other work. I have not got my knapsack yet. Theycannot get the cable to work across the river.The scoutscaptured fourteen horses and about twenty head ofcattle.Monday, 27th April.—Reveille at 6 a.m. The mailcame in at eleven o'clock last night, a lot of letters andpapers. Two more men buried this afternoon. No. 3Company crossed over from the other side of the riverthis morning about two o'clock with all the stores. Theyhad an alarm yesterday, and they all stood to theirarms. We have an easy day of it , no duty but to put uptents and sort stores—a long job, but one that wasneeded. The 90th furnish a picket to-night; the scoutsand Vv^aggons have been foraging around all day for hayand oats. A man was buried this morning. A scoutthat was shot through the lungs during the fight onFriday. The 90th and battery have gone on the battlefieldthis afternoon ; we form their support ; they havegone to get their dead. I was on the battle ground thisafternoon ; the Indians left two of their dead on theground, but there is not a live Indian to be seen. Therewere from fifty to sixty dead horses on the ground. Thehouses are a total wreck ; all of the wounded are doingwell. I do not know when we move from here. Allof No. 3 Company are on duty to-night. This place iscalled Fish Creek ; they have brought in twelve morehorses to-night.Tuesday, April 28th.—Nothing occurred to note.Wednesday, April 29th.—Had drill in the morning

180 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.under the General in extended order. In the eveningmounted picket ; a bad night, rained, and cold ; heard alot of prairie wolves, a nasty howl. Relieved at 7 a m.,the 30th.Thursday, 30th April.—Had drill. Did nothing more.Had fresh meat.Regimental Orderly Sergeant for the day. Last nightthe picket caught three Indians. The Indians that werecaught at Clarke's Crossing are with us still ; they havethe run of the camp ; they will not leave us. Had adrummer, a defaulter.Friday, May l.'t,—May began with a fine morning.Nothing new to report. The wounded left us this morningon their way to the Hospital at Sakatoon. They hadabout 20 waggons ; the scouts as an escort. Had drillthis a.m.;nothing new to report.Saturday, May 2nd.—Nothing new to report onlythat I am on picket, and do not like the job to lay outall night ; but it cannot be helped.Sunday, May 3rd.—Got off parade at 11 this a.mSaw nothing all night only heard the prairie wolves.They made a lot of noise during the night. The mailcame in just before we left the camp for picket ; was gladto hear from home and to know that they are all well.The mail left this a.m. Saw some swallows yesterday,the iirst I have seen this year.in the river to-day ; had divine service ; menA lot of men in bathingwith theirarms and ammunition.Monday, May 4th.—Last night had another false alarm,by the picket firing. In some two minutes all turned out.Had no supper last night ; our cook undertook to make

THE sergeant's DIARY. 181some dumplings but we could not eat them ; they werelike lead. The General left camp this a.m. with the scoutsfor Batoclie's Crossing ;they returned with about fortywere within two miles of Kiel'shead of cattle and horses;camp but did not go in ; we were under arms all day tolielp the General if he was attacked.tine day again ; aIt has been a verylittle cold. Had three days rationsserved out. I don't know what it may mean but I hopea move on. Mail in to-day ;no27th.letters but papers of theTuesday, May 5th.—Two companies of the MidlandBattalion came up the river on the Northcote this a. m.They left part of the regiment at Clarke's Crossing andSwift Current. They brought a fourteen-day old mailwith them;no letter for me. We ought to have sugarand candles. Ought to make it lighter for picket. Iwas Regimental Orderly Sergeant for the day. The regimenthad drill for two hours umler the General.Wednesday, May 6th.—The men took the Gatling gunoff the Northcote. They had just tried it; it can tire600 rounds a minute, pretty good work. The Northcoteis a strange built boat with a paddle v:heel behind ;theyhad a great deal of trouble with her coming down theriver. 1 am told off for picket to-night. It is very coldnow ;I hope it will get warmer before night.Thursday, May 7th.—Had charge of the pickets lastnight for the first time, of 15 men; one of my men firedat two men, turned the whole camp out. We moved thisa.m. ten miles cowards Batoche's Crossing ; encamped forthe day at about 12 o'clock ;as soon as we halted some ofthe scouts were fired on ; the brigade at once threw out

182 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.a stronjr picket ; we shall certainly have a brush with theenemy to-morrow ; J hope we will finish them up thenand get home for I am tired of this country although Iam in j^ood health. Myself and four men formed theleading files of the advance guard of thewhole brigade.Friday, May 8th.—Left camp at Gabriel's Crossingthis a.m. at eight o'clock ; expected to meet the rebels everymoment, but saw nothing of them; we are as far awayfrom Batoche's as we were last night. We have marchedabout 18 miles to get around the other side of them.Had a good sleep last night. ''C" Company went downthe river in a steamboat. They burnt Gabriel Dumont'shouse before they left this a.m.It was well furnished Ibelieve. The land we passed through to-day is lightand sandy.Saturday, May 9th. — Breakfast this a.m. at 4.30.Startt'd for Batoche at 6 a.m. the scouts in front with thegatling gun. No. 1 Company formed the advance guard,myself in charge of the leading file; all went v/jU till wegot near the church when the scouts started some Indiansout of a house ; we then formed company and extended.No. 1 from the right, No. 2 prolonged to the right, Nos.3 and 4 in support ; came up to a church with a fine twostoryhouse alongside of it, both frame. The Gatling gunfired about 20 rounds through the gable, when a mancame to the door and waved a white handkerchief ; theGeneral at once advanced. It proved to be a priest andsisters and about a dozen women and children. We passedthem by and entered a bush ; then the firing begp»n.The enemy retired to their rifle pits in a bluff; they wereshelled and the Gatling turned on them but to no purpose;

si:r(;i:on-major k. k. kinc; RKV. A. H. BALDWIN(Chaplain. )2ND LlKl'T. A. A. S. WILKINS. CAPT. D. MOD. HOWARD.(Late Royal Grenadiers.)

THE sergeant's dtary. 183they could not be got out of it and this was at 5 p.m.Wehave been firing at them all day. Captain Mason of No.2 Company was struck. I have had some bullets near mebut so far none of my company are hurt.Just heard thatBat-one of the Grenadiers was killed, one scout and onetery man.Sunday, May 10th.—Had a hardmatter to retire lastnight. They got all the waggons up from our late campingground and formed a corral on a piece of ploughedground with a slough in the centre. Then we threw upsome light earthworks about twelve paces on the outsideof it. One of our men was shot in the arm andanother in the leg (both of No. 2 Coy.) when we were inthe corral.These were chance shots for it w^as too darkto take aim. One of them stood within two feet of me,and was taking a drink out of my water bottle whichwas still attached to me;another man of the 90th wasshot through the head, within four feet of me, when wewere retiring, he gave a jump and a yell. We had tolay behind the earthworks all the night in our tunics, nocoats or blankets and very cold. This morning we hadto move out and surround the camp in extended orderbefore we had any chance to get our breakfast, and herewe are now and no chance of getting any, with the rebelstiring all around.I have just read the Church service toThere are twelve of us in a bluff.the men of my section.We have no one hurt in our company. To-day one ofNo. 3 Company was hurt and one of the 90th.It is a job to get a correct account of the number hurt.We had to protect the 90th when they retired to camp.The bullets flew pretty livel;' ' ' n, and after we got in

;184 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.camp, but no one was hurt. Some of the houses werestruck. Slept again in the trench that some of the companyhad thrown up. Had overcoats.Monday, May 11th.—Had breakfast, and then theregiment was told off in squads to finish the trenchwhich is about five feet high all around the camp, andabout two feet below the level of the ground, and sixfeet wide for the men to sleep in, and then there isanother mound thrown up again about twenty paces fromthe outer one on the inside, so that if we are driven infrom the outer one we get behind the inner one ; we arequite safe. The rest of the men are out skirmishingone or two of them have been brought in, and amongthem, a priest that was wounded, but not by any of ourside. Our men have cut down all the bush around thecamp for a hundred yards or more. The camp must behalf a mile around. The cattle and horses in the centre.The General and the scouts—about sixty of them, thatcame in last night, went out this morning and caughtan Indian. He says they will fight to the last but theyhave not much powder left. I think the General wantsto starve them out. I hope he may, and that soon. Thescouts brought in about forty head of cattle and horses.We get all the fresh meat we want. We have not heardthe boat whistle to-day. Do not know where she is.Tuesday, 12th May.—Left camp at 1 p.m. in skirmishingorder. No. 1 Company Grenadiers on the right. No.2, 3 and 4 prolonged to the left; met the rebels about200 yards from the church. After a stubborn resistancewe drove them before us towards the village, and chargedthem then on the plain, and scattered them in all direc-

;THE SEimEANT's DIARY. 185tions. The fire was very hot ; about six killed andthirty wounded on our side. About thirty killed on thatof the rebels ; released about eight white men that Kielhad kept as prisoners of war.on the battlefield and stayed all night.Threw up intrenchnientsThe women andchildren of the rebels were encamped outside of our encampment.The rebels had been well intrenched in riflepits. About six of No. 1 Company were wounded. Thecaptain shot through the cap and the back of the coat.General Middleton made us a speech, and then we allturned in, tired out. Found in one of the enemy's tentsa basket of eggs and a jar of molasses and took them tothe hospital tent for the wounded men.Wednesday, 13th May.—Every man is allowed to do ashe likes this afternoon. I wandered around, saw somedead Indians and half-breeds, and saw our wounded.great many rebels surrendered themselves under a flagoftruce.Thursday, May 14th.—Left Batoche at 7 a.m., No 1Company advance guard. We have only one ofHcer present.Had a good night's sleep. One of our men badlyhurt by a horse treading on him. We had a good marchof about fourteen miles to Guardapuys Crossing, wherewe encamped for the night.Several Indians gave themselves up to us on the roadthey have all had enough of war. They report 84 killedin the fight. About 115 guns were taken fiom them;a great deal of ammunition. The guns were all destroyed.May 15th, Friday.—Camp Guardapuy.AGot here lastnight in the rain, wet through, very uncomfortable.We

;186 HIilTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.had no bother to get here cat all. About noon the scoutsbrought in Louis Riel.Myself and 20 men were told offas an escort or guard for him, A little afterwards theybrought in Lepine ;he is a man about 50 years old, a little,dark and dull-looking man. The Rev. Mr. Whitcomb,of Toronto, our Chaplain, came in with the mail. TheMidland regiment were across the river yesterday. Thecountry all round here is a little light soil with a gooddeal of scrub. The first pine we have seen since we leftOntario w^e saw yesterday on the other side of the river.May 16th, Saturday.—Guardapuy Crossing.—Nothingnew to-day only that the 90th and some others crossedthe river and encamped on the other side. Several moreprisoners brought in and put on the boat.Sunday, 17th May.—Nothing new to-day.Had divineservice ; struck camp at noon, ready to start. No. 3Company sent four men to Batoche, for Moor's body.Two of the Body Guards came in from Humboldt.Monday, 18th May.— Crossed the river last night.Left Riel on the boat. Another boat came up fromClarke's Crossing with supplies. Encamped on this sideof the river ;this is the prettiest camp we have had yetgood water ; had a good night's sleep ; we started at teno'clock for a 15 mile march toPrince Albert; sent Rielback to Regina via the River;pitched camp for thenight in charge of Captain Young and a guard of theGrenadiers.Tuesday, 19th May.—We made fifteen miles yesterdayand pitched our tents about half way to Prince Albert.Everything isquiet.Thursday, 21st May.—Still in camp at Prince Albert.Nothing new, but weather bad, rained all day.

THE sergeant's DIARY. 187Friday, 22nd May.— Still at Prince Albert. It is afine morning. Orders to hold ourselves in readiness tostart at any moment for Battleford. The Midland Battalionand the scouts started for there this morning onthe Noithcote. Am told off for R.O.S. to-morrow.Saturday, May 23rd.—All quiet tiiis a.m. Sports allthe afternoon, won the foot-race, j^Q.Sunday, i\[ay 24th.—Up at four a. m. Struck tentsand left Prince Albert for Carlton in waggons ; the 90thby boat. Camp at fifteen miles.Monda}^ May 25th.—Struck tents at 4 a. m. Movedin to Carlton. Reached here at 4 p. m. ; afine place,good land.Tuesday, May 26th.—Fort Carlton. Got on board thesteamer Marquis, a fine boat bound for Battleford.two hours before night when we had to stop ;Madethe boatscannot travel after dark ;slept on the hurricane deck.Wednesday, May 27th.—Got up steam at .'i a.m., andstarted again. This is a fine river , nothing occurred onthe passage. Reached Battleford at 9.30 p.m. All well.Slept on the boat all night.Thursday, May 28th.—Encamped at Battleford thisa.m. It is a fine place, between the Battle river and theSaskatchewan. The camp is badly scattered. Had aninvitation to a " Queen's Own " concert at night ; it wasa good thing ; a lot of the Queen's Own and C. Companythought I was killed at Batoche ; there was great handshakingwhen we arrived.Friday, May 29th.—Nothing new, only drill in themorning. Saw some Indians come in and give themselvesup.Had a swim in the river.

—1S8 TIISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIEHS.Saturday, May 30th.—Nothing new.An order wasissued for divine service to-morrow. Soon afterwardsorders were issued for reveille at four, breakfast at 4.80.Fatigue party all night.Sunday, May 31st.—Got onthe Marquis at 8 a.m. forFort Pitt. The old column, the Queen's Own, feel badthat they are not with us. We are in a pretty roughplace ; horses and so on all over the deck. During theafternoon we barricaded the boat with planks out ofthehold ;did not get much sleep all night.Monday, June 1 st.—On boat all day. Nothing new.A fine river ;got stuck sometimes. WoodrufFe broke hisarm ; another man was kicked down the hold.Tuesday, June 2nd.—Landed four miles from FortPitt. A fine country, but Big Bear cleared out. Hewon't show fight. Returned with the men on foot, notable to follow the Indians.No record was kept from June 2nd to 12tliIt continues :13th, 14th, and 15th Nothing new.16th.17th.General returned.Nothing new.inclusive.18th. General went away again with the mountedmen, and Colonel Williams went on the boat to FrogLake with his men.19th. Some of Big Bear's prisoners came in.20th.Nothing.21st, 22nd, and 23rd. McLean came in, the last ofBig Bear's prisoners.24th. The General returned.25th, 26th, 27th. General Strange returned with all

THE sergeant's DIARY. 189the men but one company of the 65th. Od the 14thNo. 1 Company, including myself, went to Frog Lake;bad place for flies. On the 1 5th the Toronto stores camein. On the 17th we returned to camp, relieved by acompany of the Midlanders.28th June. Had a review and sports in the evening.29th.30th.July 1st.Nothing.NothingHad a review and more sports.July 2nd. Nothing, only the last Company of theG5th came down from Edmonton on the boat.Ju^y 3rd, Friday. The whole of the infantry but the92nd embarked on board boats for home, the mountedmen having already left by rail. The 65th in theBaroncf^s, the 90th and Grenadiers, and one companyof the 92iid on the Marquis. The Midlanders on theNorth- WeH started for home on Saturday morning,July 4-th. One of the 65th died during the night of the3rd.All went well with us till about nine o'clock when wegot stuck on a sand-bar. The North- West came alongsideand took us on board. Whilst we were on board ColonelWilliams died. He had been sick for five days. Gotoff the bar and went on again. Got strnck three timesmore;had to tie up for the night. Reached Battleford onSunday morning early ; took Colonel Williams' bodyashore with that of the 65th man. We lay there allday, went to the Fort and all over ; took on board theG. G. F. G. The North- West took on board the Q. O. R.A Battery man was accidentally shot while we lay atBattleford.Monday, 6th July, Started at daybreak. All three

;190 HISTORY OF THE KOYAL GRENADIERS.boats got stuck several times.Tied up for the night.Tuesday, 7th July. Started at daybreak. Very coldand windy. Stopped at Telegraph coulee there andtook on supplies. Found a company of the 7th therewent on again, passed Fort Carlton and tied up for thenight.Wednesday, 8th July. Started at daybreak ; stillvery cold ; reached Prince Albert at 9 a.m. Went ashore;saw Big Bear and his son, and his counsellor. Theywere led out in chains. Left there at noon and madethe Forks at ibout 4 p.m. Stayed there all night withthe Alberta, which was there with all the sick. Wilsonand Eagar were on board here.Thursday, 9th July. Started at daybreak with theAlberta. Saw a few Indians on the banks of theriver ; tied up for the night. Great fun on board.Friday, 10th July. Started at daybreak ; had greatfun with the canoes ;went down the river and tied upfor the night. The land here a little stony; lots ofIndians.Saturday, 11th July. Started at daybreak. Reachedthe lake at noon ; crossed it and lay to for the night.The lake is about twenty miles across and deep anddangerous, but very pretty with islands.Sunday, l2th July. Started at daybreak and reachedGrand Rapids about 7 o'clock a.m. Unloaded on thetram cars and went to the lake boats about four milesdistant. Embarked there on a scow with the Queen'sOwn ;and lay there all night.Monday, 13th July. Started across Lake Winnipegin the morning ; had it rough that night ; a most miser-

THE sergeant's DIARY. 191able night ; no place to lie down. Nos. 1 and 3 Companiesin the hold.Tuesday, 14th July. Still on the lake, but betterweather. A fine lake with islands on it ; sometimes outof sight of land. Still on the lake about nine o'clock ;entered the Red River, a very poor river, marsh eachside. About fifteen miles up we reached Selkirk, landed,and he d a lunch that was prepared for us ;the Midlandgot drunk and began to fight about three o'clock.The Midland and 65th left for home ; ourselves and theQueen's and G.G.F.G. for Winnipeg, which place we reachedat about six o'clock. Landed and had an address fromthe Mayor, Premier, and others. Had to stand with ourpacks on for an hour, then march about a mile andpitch camp on the prairie. It began to rain before wehad our tents up, and rained all night hard ; all of thetents were flooded, and no supper to eat ;very miserableindeed.Notes.—On June 3rd Major-General Middleton ordereda detachment of 150 men from the column to form aspecial expeditionary force to go in pursuit of Big Bearand the white prisoners he had with him. Seventy-fivemen were contributed by the Grenadiers towards thisforce, under the command of Captain F. A. Caston, withLieutena t Percy Eliot as subaltern. The detachmentsucceeded in rescuing the prisoners, but Big Bear eludedcapture for a short period longer.I have not wished to break the continuity of the foregoingdiary, so have given it, with but few eliminations,(and those only because they referred to purely personalmatters), just as it was written iix>u\ end to end.

—;192 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.^Ifttfe following extract from a letter written by Ser-'*^*"'^)^-|'rancis, dated "Camp Fort Pitt, June 19th, 1885,"taiAs much interesting information, and must be readjonnection with the diary :; »it-'''^^ ^^^ ^y ^^® papers that we get from Toronto thatyou are all a little mixed up as far as the final chargefrom Batoche is concerned. Some papers say that theMidland Regiment made the charge, some say the 90thneither are right. The way we left the entrenchmentwas this : The whole of the Grenadiers formed upand marched out of the entrenchment, and then No. 1Company got the order to extend six paces from the left,by which means we should have taken in the rifle pitson our right. No. 4 Company got the order to j^rolongthe line to the left, which means that they would extendsix paces, and then come up on our left.was told off as our support ;No. 3 CompanyNo. 2 Company as the supportof No. 4 Comprxny. After a time they got the orderto extend and join No. 1 Company of the Midland, whowere lying in those trenches. They had got theorder to extend to the left, which they did, they thenformed the left of the line. Two companies then of the90th got the order to extend to the right and help us,which they did. We w^ere in the centre all the time, forthe 9v)th were away out on our right, and forty men ofthe Midland on our left on the river bank. They did notcharge across the plain at all. The 9()th came across theplain, but as they were so much to the right or had somuch further to come before they could get to the houses,that we had them all taken before either the 90th or theMidland could possibly reach qs. The Battery and the

n r1 o -^Ojn

:THE sergeant's DIARY. 193Gatling guns did us good service that day. No. 1 Companymust have been in the hottest of the tight, for outof the ten men wounded in our battalion, six of tliemwere out of my own company ; anyway I know it waswarm enough for me for a time."Attached to the three columns were numbers of youngmen who had volunteered for hospital work in any capacity,either as dresbers, bearers, or ambulance men. Forthe most part these were students at the various medicalschools in Toronto, who were anxious for work andexperience. They performed their duty admirably, workinghand in hand with the regular troops, and earninggreat praise for themselves. The Surgeon-General, inhis report after Batoche to the Minister of Militia, thusspeaks of them" Many of these young men did noble work, regardless of danger.Where the biiUets flew thickest, with a heroism that has never been exceeded,they were to be found, removing the wounded and the dying toplaces of shelter and safety in the rear. Some cases of individual heroismare reported to me, which Ifeel, call for more than a passing remark,and embolden me to say that among these non-combatant lads and thestaff to which they belonged, are to be found some of the greatest heroesof the w ar. At Batoche I am told that during the fight a flag wasthrust from the window of the church, and was observed Ijy a surgeonand a student, who were under shelter from the fire at a couple of hundredyards distance. The student, immediately he perceived it, proposedthat a party should at once go to the relief of the one demandingsuccor. No one appeared willing to second his proposal. To go to thechurch through the o[)en under sucli a terrible fire as was being pouredfrom the Half-breed pits seemed to be like proceeding to certain death,bixt persisting, the surgeon said, ' if you are determined to go, and wecan find two volunteers to assist us in carrying a stretcher, I am withyou.' Two men from the Greruidiers of Toronto at once stejjpedforward, and the four started upon their perilous journey, crawlingM

194 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.upon their bellies, taking advantage of any little inequality of groundto cover them, and to shield thvm from the l)ullets of tlie Half-breeds.They reached the churcli, the bullets tearing up the eaith all aroundthem, without a scratch, and breathing a short prayer ofthankfulnessfor their deliverance thus far from deatli and danger, they lookedaround for him whom they had risked, and were still risking, theirlives, to succor and to save. They found him in tlie person of a venerablepriest, who had been wounded in the thigh, and they at once proceededto remove him, after atlministering temporary aid. To remainin the church was to court certain deatli. To return to their corpsseemed to be no less perilous, but they chose the latter. When tlieysortied from the church, so astonished were the Half-breeds at theirdaring, that they ceased their fire for a moment. This time returning,they had no cover, and were obliged to march erect. Bullets flew thickand fast, but the condition of the wounded man precluded anythinglike hurry, and they hastened slowly. God watched over them,and protected them, and they readied tlieir comrades in safety, theirwounded charge also escaping without furtlier Ijarm. Such conduct deservesrecognition, and I beg respectfully to call attention to it in thisespecial way."* * * * *The names of the two Grenadiers referred to in theSurgeon-General's report unfortunately are not known;the other two were Surgeon Gravely, of No. 1 FieldHospital, and Mr. Norris Worthington, from the samehospital.The journey from Batoche to Winnipeg isdescribed in the diary that has been quoted.is one thing the author saysvery wellBut therenothing about, and that isthe high state of discipline the Grenadiers had reached.All through this long march and perilous journey, nightalarms were of constant occurrence, and these werealways promptly responded to, the men ever being onWhenthe qui vive, alert quick and obedient to orders.they were halted, drill, not of half an hour or so, but for

:RETURN TO TORONTO. 195two hours at a time, was practised, so when theRoyalGrenadiers marched into Winnipeg they were a widelydifferent corps to what they were when, asenthusiasticbut somewhat untrained men, they left Toronto threemonths previously.The sojourn of the Grenadiers at Winnipeg was not along one, but though the weather was unpropitious, itwas most enjoyable.On July 23rd, the Grenadiers and the Queen'sOwn Rifles returned to Toronto, and what a welcomethey received. The remainder of the Regiment turnedout to receive their comrades, wildlv cheering them asthey appeared. The heading of the account in one of thepapers of the time was thisTORONTO RECEIVES HER HEROESWITH OPEN ARMS.And then followed a detailed description of the neverto-be-forgottenscene.All down Yonge-street and alongKing-street marched the soldiers through crowds, such ashave never before or since assembled. The men cheeredand cheered again as the troops passed, women fromevery window on the line of route waved their handkerchiefsor small flags;flowers by hundreds of buncheswere thrown at the passing heroes. Nothing was leftundone by the people of Toronto to show their citizensoldiery how thoroughly their services were appreciated.The troops marched to the City Hall, where they werereceived by the Mayor and Corporation, and addressespresented to them_. Afterwards at the drill hall theywere dismissed to theirfor four months previously.homes, which they hacj jiot seen

196 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.The field force remained embodied for several weeksafter its return toToronto, nearly two months elapsingbefore they rejoined their respective companies in theregiments to which they belonged.On September 10th, 1885, appeared these RegimentalOrders, upon which it is not necessary to make any comment,they were as follows :" No. 1. The Service Companies of the regiment will bebroken up from the 21st inst., and the officers and mencomposing them will rejoin the companies to which theywere posted or attached prior to Regimental Order No. 2,ofthe 28th March last." No. 2. The Lieut.-Colonel commanding desires totake this opportunity of placing on record his high appreciationof the services rendered by all ranks during therecent expedition to the Northwest, and he feels surethat it must be a source of true pride to every officer,non-commissioned officer and man in the regiment toknow that their conduct while on active service has metwith the approval, not only of Lieut.-Colonel von Straubenzie,who commanded theInfantry Brigade, but alsoof Major-General Sir Frederick Middleton, C.B., K.C.M.G.,who, as Commander-in-Chief ofthe Forces in the Field,brought the operations to such a successful issue, (videField Force Orders, dated Fort Pitt, July 2nd, 1885)." It therefore only remains to Lieut.-Colonel Grasett toexpress his grateful thanks to the officers, non-commissionedofficers and men, for their ready support andhearty co-operation under all circumstances, which somaterially conduced to lighten the responsibility inseparablefrom the position ofCommanding Officer,

:OFFICIAL INSPECTION. 197" Lieut.-Colonel Grasett also desires to sincerely thankthose who remained in Toronto for all they did in connectionwith the regiment, and it will e^or be rememberedwith pleasure, how anxious those in reserve wereto join their comrades in arms at the front, when itseemed probable that their servicesmight be required."On October 28th, 1885, the Regimental Orders containedthis announcement" It is hereby notified that authority has been receivedfor the Non-commissioned officers of the regiment towear their chevrons on both arms, as a special case."The official inspection of the Grenadiers by Major-GeneralMiddleton took place on Thursday, November 12th,Lieutenant-Colonel Grasett being in command. The inspectionpassed off most successfully.In accordance with District Order, dated November24th, 1885, the undermentioned officers, non-commissionedofficers and men attended the Medical Board, orderedto assemble in the drill shed, on Tuesday, December Ist,1885, at one o'clock p.m., for the purpose of having theirclaims for compensation investigated. All concernedwere notified to attend by the officers commanding thecompanies to which they belonged.Capt. Mason.Lieut. Morrow.Priv. Bradford. Priv. Marshall." Billinghurst. " Martin." Cane. " Milsom." Cantwell. " Mcllvean." Cook. " Quigley." Eagei " Scovell.Corp. Faraghfcr " Stead.

—198 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRKNADIERS.Corp. Foley. Priv. Tyler.Priv. Gaughan. " Woodroffe." Gray.Assistant-Surgeon Ryerson will attend the Board.The story of the Northwest Expedition has hithertofilled up the whole of the regimental history of theGrenadiers for the year 1885, and the promotions andappointments ingiven, they were as follows :the commissioned ranks have not beenGeneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 6th February, 1885.Active Militia.No, 4. Tenth Battalion Royal Grenadiers.To be Captains : Lieutenant R. G. Trotter, ^^B., viceHarrison, promoted.Lieutenant F. J. Gosling, \.M., vice J. H. Patterson,resigned.To be Lieutenants: 2nd Lieutenant Granville PercivalEliot, S.I., vice Trotter, promoted.2nd Lieutenant Forbes Michie, S.I., vi«e Gosling promoted.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally, William S.Lowe,Es(|uire, vice McDonald, resigned.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 27th February, 188').General Orders,Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant William CharlesFitch, S.I., mce Paterson, promoted.

The resignation ofCaptain Peter Brown Ball, is herebyaccepted.General Orders.PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 199Head Quarters,Ottawa, 10th April, 1885.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captain, from 27th February, 1885 : LieutenantCharles Greville Harston, formerly Lieutenant in theRoyal Marine Light Infantry, vice Ball, resigned.Note. —In General Order No. 3 of same date, the Battalionwas ordered for actual service in the NorthwestTerritories, and in accordance with these orders proceededto the front. The story has already been told.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 16th October, 1885.General Orders, (23).Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be LieutenantvS : 2nd Lieutenant, John Morrow, S.I.,vice Harston, promoted.2nd Lieutenant John Dunlop Hay, S.I., viceWilliamCharles Fitch, killed in action.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally, Albert EdwardGooderham, Esq., vice Morrow, promoted.The resignation of Lieutenant G. H. Symons is herebyaccepted.General Orders (24.)Head Quarters,Ottawa, 8()th October, 1885.Active Militia.No. 4.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.

:200 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally :Charles EdwardBurcli, Esquire, vice Hay, promoted.The resignation of 2nd Lieutenant (provisionally)Leonard Edward Leigh, is hereby accepted.Nothing further of any moment occurred in connectionwith the Royal Grenadiers in 1885. Throughoutthe winter of 1885-8G there were many social gatheringsamong the officers N.C.O's. and men of the regiment,but they were more of a private than of a public nature.The first order for 1886 concerning the regimentalparades was thisHead Quarters, Royal Grknadiers,March 1st,Regimental Orders.18cS0.No. 1. The regiment \vill commence the annual drillon Thursday, April Ist, when it will parade in drill )rderwith leggings at 8 o'clock p.m., and will also parade onevery subsequent Thursday at the same hour unlessotherwise ordered. The recruits will assemble on Tuesday,March 9th, at 8 o'clock p.m.The promotions and appointments to the commissionedranks of the Grenadiers in 1880 were these :Head Quarters,General Orders. Ottawa, 29th January, 1886.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant Alexander CecilGibson, S.I., vice Symons, resigned.Head Quarters,General Ordeus. Ottawa, 7th May, 1886.Active Militia.No. 3.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers,

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 201To be Quarter Master : Robert Baldwin Ellis, viceBethune.Head Quarters,General Orders. Ottawa, 2lHt May, 188G.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Alfred BuellCameron, Gentleman, vice Leif.;'h, resigned.Head Quarters,General Orders. Ottawa, 4th June, 1886.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : William GeoffreyAustin Lambe, vice Hay, promoted.To be Surgeon : Assistant Surgeon George SterlingRyerson, M.D,, vice J. H. McCollum, resigned.To be Assistant Surgeon :M.D., vice Ryerson, promoted.Edmond Eleazar King, Esq.,Head Quarters,Ottawa, 2nd September, 1886.Confirmation of Rank.2nd Lieutenant Albert Edward Gooderham, S.I.,Batt. from 30th June, 1886.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 17th September, 1886.General Orders.Active Militia.10thNo. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captain : Lieutenant John I. Davidson, V. B.,vice John Weir Anderson, retired retaining rank.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant William StandishLowe, S.I.,vice Davidson, promoted.

202 history of the royal grenadiers.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 22nd October, 1886.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.The resignation of Captain Francis James Gosling ishereby accepted.The first Regimental church parade of the year tookplace to St. Luke's church on Sunday, April 25th. Therewas a very good muster, nearly the whole of the corpsbeing present.On May 13th, 1886, the medals awarded to the officersand men of the Grenadiers for their services in theNorthwest, were publicly presented to them in theQueen's Park, Toronto, by Lady Middleton. A Torontopaper of May 14th thus describes the scene :" How mtmy a gallant red coat thought with pleasure,not unmixed with pain, ofthat day twelve months before,pleasure at the victory of Batoche and the way theGrens. proved themselves—but pain at the cost of it all*No better day than this the 13tli of May, 1886, it wasindeed all that could be desired, and Toronto you mightsay was en fete.Shortly after 3.30 the " fall in " sounded,and after companies had been proved. Col. Grasetttook command and headed by their tine band the RoyalGrenadiers, accompanied by immense crowds, it is astonishingwhat an attraction a scarlet coat is to the civilian,and, well, we won't say, tothe dear girls who are therewith delight on their faces. Swinging into line on theleft of the Queens Own, all awaited the General. At4.45 p.m. Gen. Sir Fred. Middleton arrived accompanied

)THK LATE CAPT. c;. IM:Ut V KLIOT. Till'. LATK CAPT. A M IRMNCTHK NORTM-W KST( Obv. rse.MKDAI,.THK NORITI-WKST MKDAL.(Reverse.)

:PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 203by Capt. Wise, A. D. C, and Lt.-Cols. R. B. Denison,D.A.G.; Milsom, B.-Major, and Otter, Commandant CCo. Infantry School, late Commander of the BattlefordColumn." Dismounting, the General took his position on theplatform, on which also were Lady Middleton, andother ladies. Some delay was caused by the crowd, whopressed so close that Lady Middleton could not get nearthe troops, or could they come to the platform.At lastspace was cleared, but gently, as all Toronto seemed eagerto get a medal, for the interest they felt in their boys.About 5 o'clock Gen. Middleton stepped up to the tablewhere Lady Middleton pinned the first medal on hisbreast, as cheer after cheer went up for the gallant leader.The next was his A.D.C., Capt. Wise, then came Col.Otter and other staff officers. When the turn of theRoyal Grenadiers came, Lady Middleton walked over towhere they were and pinned the medals on the officer'sbreasts."Afterwards the medals for the N.C.O.'s and men werehanded to them and on the conclusion of the ceremonythe regiment re-formed into column, and after threecheers had been given for the Queen and the General,returned to the drill shed.The battalion had evidently acquired a taste for northerntravel for they decided to make Barrie their destinationon the Queen's Birthday, in 1886, and on May 20th,the commanding officer issued the following orderHead Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,May 20th. 1886.Regimental Orders.No. 1. Instructions for proposed visit to Barrie for

:204 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Queen's Birthday.The regiment will parade in ma: chingorder, (with leggings) without haversacks or waterbottles,Saturday, 22nd inst., at 3.15 p.m. and go byspecial train to destination. Tickets, Sl.CO each will beissued to officers commanding companies, to be accountedfor on Tuesday, 26th inst., there will be no charge foraccommodation or subsistance while in Barrie. Theregiment will leave Barrie, Monday evening, so as toreach Toronto about 9 p.m. Knapsacks issued to eachman to carry field kit. Each squad to have necessarysupply of clothes and blacking-brushes and blacking.All to have forage caps to be carried in place of mess tin.The regiment duly proceeded to Barrie and the followingare the orders as issued thereRegimental Orders.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Barrie, 23rd May, 1886.Detail. Captain of the day, to-morrow, Capt. Spencer." "Subt'nLieut. Gibson.R.O. Serg't ""Sergt. Jack.R.O. Corp. ""Cor. Stainsby.No. 1. The Regiment will parade in drill order at 7.am.No. 2. The regiment will parade in review order at9.45 a.m.No. 3. Blankets folded and packed in bales, and returnedinto Quarter Master's store before 7 a.m.The regiment will parade in marching order to returnhome at 5.45 p.m.Drill ceased with this visit for the summer months,until the following order was promulgated :

promotions and appointments. 205Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Regimental Orders.Toronto, 23rd Aug., 1886.No. 1,The regiment will re-aasemble for drill on Thursday,Sept. 2nd, when it will parade at the armoury indrill order, with leggings, at 8 o'clock p.m., and also oneach subsequent Thursday atsame hour and place, untilfurther orders.A most efficient officer of the Grenadiers was compelledto sever his connection with the regiment towards the endof 188G, this was the Rev. C. E. Whitcombe, and his departurewas marked by the following Regimental Order:Sept. 30th, 1886.," The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding announces withregret that the Rev. Chaa. E. Whitcombe, who was appointedChaplain to the regiment in the field, and whohas acted in that capacity since the return of the regimentfrom active service, has been obliged to sever hisconnection with the battalion, owing to intended removalfrom Toronto. Lieut. -Colonel Grasett is sure that he expressesthe feelings of all ranks when he says that theregiment is under many obligations to Mr. Whitcombefor his kindly ministrations while Chaplain of the RoyalGrenadiers."The annual inspection of the regiment by the Major-General commanding the Canadian Militia took placeSaturday, October 30th, 1886, and was satisfactory in itsresults. Drill then ceased for the year, and was not resumeduntil Thursday, April 14th, 1887, a somewhatlater date than usual.on

—206 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.There were very few alterations amon^ the ranks ofthe officers in the Grenadiers in 1887, what they wereare as follows :Head Quarters,Ottawa, 29th April, 1887.General Orders.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captains : Lieutenant Donald Macdonald Howard,vice Gosling, resigned.Lieutenant Granville Percival Eliot, S.L, vice OliphLeigh Leigh-Spencer, retired retaining rank.To be Lieutenant : 2nd Lieutenant Albert E. Gooderham,S.L, vie* Andrew Maxwell Irving, resigned.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : W. F. Godson,Esquire, vice Gooderham, promoted.General Orders.No. 4.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 16th September, 1887.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.Memo—Adverting to No. 1 of General Orders, 29thApril, 1887, in which the resignation is accepted of LieutenantAndrew Maxwell Irving, read " who is herebypermitted to retire retaining rank," instead of " whoseresignation is hereby accepted."One of the most noticeable events in the social life ofthe Royal Grenadiers, took place on February 17th, 1887,it being the ball given by Lieutenant Colonel Grasettand the officers of the regiment to the citizens of Toronto,in recognition of the kindness shgwn, and aid given to

PROMOTIONS AND APFOINTMENTS. 207the corps from the city while the Grenadiers were onactive service.It was one of the most unicjue, as well asone of the most brilliant and successful events held inToronto for many years. All of the arrangements weremade on a scale of magnificence seldom attempted, andwere canied out to perfection. The success was worthyof the circumstances the ball was designed to celebrate,the patriotic feeling called forth by the Northwesttroubles.In the fall of 1885, when the regiment returned fromthe Northwest from active service, thti officers were desirousof giving a public entertainment to the ladies ofToronto, to show their appreciation of the kind mannerin which the ladies looked after the wives and familiesof the men, and after the men's own comfort in sendingthem clothing and supplies. That winter the idea wasabandoned, owing to a bereavement in Colonel Grasett'sfamily, but taken up again in 1886-87, and a ball decidedon as the most fitting mode. The work of decorationundertaken by Mr. Clark, of Jno. Kay & Co., justified thechoice of the decorator, and the work presented a sceneof rare beauty.A guard of honor of 60 men was formed in the centre ofthe hall, facing inwards, five paces apart. As the guestsarrived they passed between the ranks and were receivedat the front by Lieut.- Col. Grasett and Mrs. Dawson.Shortly before 10 o'clock, an avenue was forced throughthe company to the dais, for the Lieut.-Governor, whowas received by a general salute, the band playing " Godsave the Queen."His Honor's party included Mrs. Beverley Robinson,

208 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL fiRENADIERS.Captain and Mrs. Forsyth Grant, Captain Geddes andMiss Robinson. When Major General Sir Fred. Middletonand party arrived, the guard again presented arms,the band playing the general salute. AccompanyingGeneral Middleton were Lady Middleton,Col. and Mrs.Otter, Captain Wise, A.D.C., Miss Crookes, Lieut. Sears,and Miss Otter. The first set in the opening quadrillewas composed of the following :— Gen. Middleton andMrs. Kyerson, The Lieut.-Governor and Mrs. Dawson, Col.Grasett and Miss Robinson, Col. Otter and Mrs. GoldwinSmith, Lt.-Col. Fred. Denison and Mrs. Mason, MajorDawson and Lady Middleton, Major Harrison and Mrs.D'Alton McCarthy, Major Smith (7th Battalion) andMrs. Harston.Supper was served in a large annexe off the northaisle specially erected for the occasion.The ofiicers of the Grenadiers wore mourning badgesin memory of Lieutenant Fitch who was killed atBatoehe.It was estimated that between 500 and GOO coupleswere present.The invited guests came from far and near, and neverbefore had there been such a gathering of representativesof fair Canada socially.Cabinet Ministers from Ottawa,ministers of all denominations and cities, society peoplefrom Ottawa, Manitoba, Regina, N.W.T., Quebec, Montreal,Kingston, London, St. Catharines, Halifax, N.S.,Brantford, Barrie, Buffalo and Elmira, N.Y., Victoria,B.C.Of the ladies dresses, iteach one came in view each appearedwere wonderfully lovely creation^.must content us to say that asthe better and all

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::PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 209One great want experienced by the officers of theGrenadiers to this date was the insufficient mess roomaccommodation they were able to obtain, this was in somemeasure rectified early in 1887, when this intimation appearedin Regimental OrdersHead Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, March 30th, 1887.Memo—The officers are informed that the new regimentaland mess rooms, 42 King St. East, will be openedon Saturday, April 2nd, on which occasion the Mess Committeehope that every officer will make it his businessto be present.Memories of the Northwest campaign and of its resultsare brought back by the following extract from the OrderBook of the regimentHead Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, May 10th, 1887.Regimental Orders.No. 1.The regiment will parade in review order (withoutside arms) on Sunday, May 15th inst., at 3 o'clockp.m., in the Queen's Park (north), and attend divine serviceat Mount Pleasant Cemetery, where the memorial toPrivates Moore and Hughes will also be unveiled.At this parade there was a very large attendance, everymember of the corps feeling it to be specially his dutyto be present.On May 2Uh, the Grenadiers proceeded to the Queen'sPark, and there " trooped " the Queen's color before HisExcellency, the Governor-General, and amidst an enormousconcourse of spectators. The scene was a most im-N

——210 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.pressive one, and called forth from the facile pen of Mrs.J. W. F. Harrison, the following stirring lines, supposedto be the utterances of an old guardsman, a Waterlooveteran :are ye waitin' there for ?Come ! WhatDon't ye 'ear what the people say ?Don't ye want to join the procession ?Don't you know its the Queen's birthday?If I was the one as faltered,And grumbled and looked kind o' black,It might be forgiven me surely,With ninety years at mj' back.But, there ! I'm as willin' as ever,Although I can't 'ear 'em play.To join with the band in aingin'" God Save 'Er," on 'er birthday !She's sixty-eight and I'm ninety ;We're both gettin' on, I know,She's the Duke o' Kent's little daughter,I mind 'er openin' show.'Twas in the black old AbbeyHow the London crowd did pour'Long the Strand from dock and city,And cheered 'er at the door !And I was there, and your father.And we both elbowed our wayTo the side o' the Royal CarriageOn the Coronation Day ?She give us a smile, I rememberAnd Avc come away satisfied,I see 'er next at 'er weddin',With Prince Albert at 'er side.I didn't sulk and grumbleAs some o' you young nns do.I'd been used to crowds afore—why, boy !I was at Waterloo ;

——PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 211And in crowds, mind, do as I do,Just push — and fight your way ;Or ye'll find 'ere, boy !your arm, ladPretty work on a Queen's Birthday !They had almost ridden me down, like,'Tis a pity old folks can't 'ear.But my sight is as good as ever,And there goes a Grenadier !A splendid fellow he is, too —A chip off the fine old block,And 'ere is the Governor-General,Sharp to his 'leven o'clock !Ay, ay, but it takes me back, lad,And England seems far away.And I wish I could cheer as I'd like toFor 'er Sixty-Eighth Birthday.^But you—why, I'm 'alf ashamed o' ye !Ye don't give as lusty a cheerAs me, with my bent old shouldei's,As me with my ninety year !YeVe got hold o' new ideas :" Beant English " —well, that may be ;Yes " wan't born in England,"But your father was—and me.And ye live in the Queen's Dominions,And ye owe her every way,And it's nothin' more than duty,To cheer on the Queen's Birthday.For what if your mother was Irish,And what if ye don't just likeThe wajs of some around ye,And feel sort o' set on — strike !Take me—I come out in '40To this 'ere Canadian land.And there's many things as I knowI don't yet 'alf understandWhy the Quality'8 twice as 'aughty,

212 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Why the Parks miist be sold away,And why we must drink in water'Er 'ealth on the Queen's Birthday.But though I'm a loyal Briton,I love the new land, too ;'TiB a fair young land, in truth, lad,Look around, and ye'll see how fair.With the glory o' springtime grasses,With the chestnut smell in the air.Why, a prettier spot than this, lad,And people in finer array,Could 'ardly be found in old England,A-keepin' the Queen's Birthday !And we look to all you youngstersTo keep your land fair and young,To take no man for a leader.As hasn't an honest tongue.There, watch the eddykongs gallop !And 'ark to the British cheer !And I wish that the Queen 'erself wasAble to see the display,And the loyal crowds as is keepin''Er Sixty-Eighth Birthday !Twice in June of 1887 did themay be termed " official " appearances. It is a somewhatGrenadiers make whatunusual thing for any summer parades to be held afterthat which takes place on the Queen's Birthday, whichhad been held as has been told.The two following Regimental Orders will explain thereason for these additional parades :

lilK I. All-. MAJOR A H. I AKRISiW.^^jj^^^^^^^T

promotions and appointments. 213Head Quarters Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, June 10th, 1887.Regimental Orders.No. 1. The Regiment will parade in review order,with leggings, in the Queen's Park, at 2.15 p.m., on Sundaythe 15th instant and march to St. James' Cathedralfor Divine Service in celebration of Her Majesty sJubilee.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, June 27th, 1887.Regimental ORDhRs.No. 1. The Regiment will parade in review order withcross-belts and leggings, at the drill shed, on Friday the1st prox , at 10.15 a.m., for the purpose of participatingin the procession on the occasion of the celebration oflier Majesty's Jubilee.The Annual Inspection of the corps was held on Saturday,November 5th, by the Major-General commandingthe district, and like all its predecessors was satisfactoryboth to the General and for the Grenadiers.The spring drills for the year 1888 began in the latterend of March, being held on Thursday evenings, asheretofore.The year was an eventful one in many respects for theGrenadiers, th^re being some very important changes inthe commissioned ranks of the regiment ; what thesewere will be found in the following list.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 8th May, 1888.Active Mllitia.No. 6. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.

:214 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.To be Captain : Lieutenant Forbes Miehie, S. I., viceBruce, appointed paymaster.To be 2nd Lieutenant : Alfred Buell Cameron, R. S. L,vice Albert Edward Gooderham, resigned.To be 2nd Lieutenant : JamesM. Q., vice Cameron, promoted.Drummond Mackay,Frederick W. G. Fitzgerald, provisionally, vice W. F.Godson, left limits.To be Paymaster, with honorary rank of CaptainJohn Bruce, V. B., (formerly Captain,) vice Nicol Kingsmill,who, having relative rank of Captain is herebypermitted to retire with honorary rank of Captain.General Orders.No. 6.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 1st June, 1888.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.Authority has been given thisBattalion to wear upontheir colors the word " Batoche," in recognition of thecorps having been in that engagement during the NorthwestCampaign of 1885.To be Lieut.-Colonel : MajorGeorge Dudley Dawson(late Lieut. 47th Ft.), vice Henry J. Grasett, retired retainingrank.To be Lieutenant : Captjiin John Bayne McLean, G. S.I,, from the Adjutancy 31st Battalion, vice Miehie, promoted.General Orders.No. 4.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 7th September, 1888.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 215To be Major : Captain James Mason, R.S.I., vice Dawson,promoted.To be Captain : Lieutenant John Morrow, S.I., viceMason, promoted.To be Lieutenant :M.Q., vice Morrow, promoted.General Orders.2ndLieutenant James D. McKay,Head Quarters,Ottawa, 16th November, 1888.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally, from 9th Nov.,1888 : John Donald Maclennan, Esquire, vice Mackay,promoted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 2.Srd November, 1888.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.2nd Lieutenant, provisionally, Charles Edward Burchhaving " failed to qualify," his name is hereby removedfrom the list of Officers of the Active Militia.Early in 1888 it became known that Lieut.-ColonelGrasett, would in consequence of his having received animportant municipal appointment, have to resign thecommand of the Grenadiers, and early in April the followingR. O. appeared.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, 11th April, 1888.Regimental Orders." No. 1. In accordance with Para. 78 Militia Orders,1887.

216 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS." The transfer of all stores, etc., in charcfe of the Regimentwill be made to Major Dawson at the Armoury ouTuesday next, the 17th inst." Officers commanding companies will attend at theirrespective Armouries on the above date, and will takecare to have all Rifles, Bayonets, Pouches, and otherequipment (in their possession) ready for inspection.The Quarter Master will also attend with his books."The Governor-General, Lord Lansdowne, paid his farewellofficial visit to Toronto prior to his return to England,on May 7th and 8th, 1888.Consequent upon thisvisit the officer commanding the Grenadiers publishedthe following or

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 217was held and the officers and men of the corps entertainedafterwards by the inhabitants of the " Royal City."On June 1st, 1888, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry JamesGrasett retired from the command of the regiment consequenton his appointment as Chief of Police for TorontoCity. A few days later he issued tlie followingdignified valedictory order :No. 3.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,June 9th, 1888.Lieut.-Colonel Grasett in resigning the commandand taking leave of the regiment, desires to place onrecord his grateful appreciation of the services renderedby all the corps since he was appointed its Lieutenant-Colonel. The success attending the re-organization ofthe battalion was largely due tothe united exertions ofthe officers and non-commissioned officers combined withthe co-operation of the rank and file, without which theattempt would have been a failure. The credit and prestigewhich the regiment has since gained both in quartersand in the field is the result of discipline, engenderingthat esyrit de corps which is so essential to the well-beingof every military organization. Lieut.-Colonel Grasettfeels sure tliat by following the same lines the battalionwill sustain and increase the high reputation it nowenjoys. He congratulates the regiment upon the permissionaccorded to bear on its colors the honors theygained with such distinction in the face of the enemy, andthough tardy was this recognition of its services to thecountry, it will serve as an incentive for those who comeafter to do their duty as loyally and as faithfully when

218 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.occasion demands. Lieut.-Colonel Grasett desires to bespeakfor his successor the same measure of confidenceand support from all ranks that had been extended tohim, and begs to say farewell to the Royal Grenadierswith every expression of gratitude for the past, and afull assurance that they will ever be for Canada " Ready,aye Ready."By order,Fred. F. Manley,Capt. and AdjtDrill for the autumn of 1888 was resumed on Thursday,September Gth, and was continued until November15th, when the annual inspection took place, a reviewbeing held at the same time in High Park.Immediately preceding the annual inspection a mostpleasing event took place in connection once again withthe ladies of Toronto and the Royal Grenadiers.The Colors of the Regiment had for some time, owingto their time-worn condition been exercising the mindsof the Ladies of Toronto. For just twenty- five yearsthese standards had been carried, first by the 10th Royals,and afterwai'ds by the Royal Grenadiers, and they hadbecome very much dilapidated. But other things hadalso happened since their presentation, the Grenadiershad earned the right to have an " honour "emblazonedon thoRf^ colors, and so the ladies decided to give themselveswhat they considered the pleasurable privilegeof, so far as possible, repairing the old flags and embroideringon their folds the word " l^atoche." Thiswork was accomplished, and on November 13th, 1888,at a grand parade held in the Pavilion of the Horti-

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 219cultural Gardens, the colors were re-presented to theCorps.The Regiment under the command of Lieut.-Col.Dawson, formed up one-half on each side of the buildingwhich was beautifully draped with flags, &c.To grace the occasion were Gen'l. Sir F. Middleton,Lt.-Col. Otter, Commanding C. Co., Lt.-Col. Grasett, ex-Commanding officer Grenadiers, Lt.-Col. G. T. Denison,G.G.B.G., Lt.-Col. Allen,Q.O.R., Major Delemere, Q.O.R.,the Hons. G. W. Allan, G. W. Ross, and theE. F. Clarke.The Ladies Committee was as follows : Mrs.Mayor, Mr.Cumberland,Mrs. Worthington, Mrs. Warring Kennedy, Mrs.McLean Howard, Mrs. Geo. Gooderham, Mrs. GoldwinSmith, Mrs. Fletcher, Mrs. Dawson, Mrs. Ryerson, Mrs.Mason, Mrs. Davidson, Mrs. Grasett.His Worship the Mayor, Mr. E. F. Clarke, addressingthe commanding officer said " : Col. Dawson, Officers andmen of the Royal Grenadiers, I have to congratulate youon behalf of your fellow citizens for the noble name theRegiment has earned. These colours were given you inJuly, 18G3, and the same lady who then presented theColors to the Regiment willdo so now."Mrs. F. W. Cumberland then came forward, and in cleartones said: "A quarter of a century ago on 7th July, 1863,I had the honor on behalf of the Ladies of Toronto, ofpresenting these Colors to the Regiment. We havewatched with pride and joy the course of the Regiment,and having embroidered the word " Batoche " on theirfolds, now return them to you with renewed confidencethat tlu* Royal Grenadiers will be ever loyal and true*•Ready, aye Ready.' "

220 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Col. Dawson in a few well chosen words warmlythanked Mrs. Cumberland and the Ladies of Toronto, notalone for their addition to the Colors, but for the warmsympathy and ^ood wishes which incited them all to dotheir best.Hon. G. W. Allan addressing Lieut.-Col. Dawson and theofficers of the Royal Grenadiers, said it gave him greatpleasure to be with them on the occasion. He referred toa similar occurrence nearly three-quarters of a centurypreviously, when the ladies of Toronto gave Colors tothe "Third Regiment of York Militia," his fatherbeing in command of the regiment, whose motto was" Deeds Speak !"Hon. G. W. Ross then spoke at length on the deeds ofthe regiment and the pride Canada takes in her militia.General Middleton was then loudly called upon, andon coming forward said: "I have to apologise for net'being in my war paint,' that is my military clothes, buthad I stopped to change would have been too late furthis occasion, which I would not on any account miss."He spoke in flattering terms of the Royal Grenadiers,and said Her Majesty had no more faithful soldiers thanthey.With hearty expressions of admiration and good willon every side, the meeting then broke up, and the RoyalGrenadiers then returned to their quarters.There were fewer changes among the officers of theGrenadie»"3 in the next year, 1889, than had been thecase in any year since the first formation of the corpsin 18()(), and with the single exception of that of CaptainTassie to the important post of (Quarter Master, they

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 221were alJ junior officers who were gazetted to the battalion.The appointments were these :General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 29th March, 1889.Active Militia.No. 7. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenants, provisionally, from 19th March,1889: Stephen Augustus Heward, Esquire, mce Gibson,promoted.Archibald Hayes McDonell, Esquire, vice Lowe promoted.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 14th June, 1889.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Thomas EraserHomer Dixon, vice Burch.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 27th September, 1889.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Quarter Master, with honorary rank of Captain :William Tassie Tassie, Esquire, vice Robert Baldwin Ellis,resigned.On Friday, January 4th, 1889, the newly appointedGovernor-General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston,visited Toronto in order to be present at the annual din-

—:222 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.ner of the Board of Trade. On this occasion the Guardof Honor was furnished by the Royal Grenadiers. Inreference to this incident the following ext/act from theRegimental records is givenHead Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Regimental Orders.No. 1.Toronto, 10th January, 1889.The Commanding Officer has great pleasure inpublishing the following letter received from CaptainColville, Military Secretary to His Excellency the Governor-General:Sir,—I am directed by HisGovernment House,Ottawa, 7th January, 1889.Excellency the Governor-General to ask you to be good enough to convey to thoseofficers, non-commissioned officers and men of the Regimentunder your command, who formed the Guard ofHonor on Friday last, Jpiuary 4th, at the Toronto Boardof Trade dinner, his best thanks for volunteering theirservices on that occasion.I have the honor to be, Sir,Your obedient servant,Chas.Colville, Captain,Military Secretary.The spring drill of the battalion began on April 3rd,and was continued as usual until the Queen's Birthday,when the Regiment went to Berlin for the day. Laterthe Regiment took part in the festivities held in Torontoon Dominion Day, July let.

::—PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 223Sei'geants Mitchell and Curzon of the Grenadiers weremembers of the Wimbledon Rifle team in 1889, and proceededto England accordingly.The autumnal drill of the Grenadiers commenced aboutSeptember 20th, and continued until November 7th, thefollowing being the orders issued for the lastthe yearHead Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Rkgimental Orders.parade of5th November, 1889.No. 2. The regiment will parade in drill order, withleggings, at the Armoury on Thursday the 7th inst, at8.30 p.m., and will proceed by train to grounds west ofHigh Park, where a Field Day will take place, followedby the Annual Inspection by the Major-General commandingthe Militia. Fifteen rounds of ammunition willbe issued to each man.An important appointment among the non-commissionedrai:ks of the Regiment was notified early in thenext year, 1890, it was thisHead Quarters, Royal Grknadiers,Toronto, 4th January, 1890.Regimental Orders.No. 2. The Commanding Officer has been pleased toconHrm the appointment of James Cox as Sergt.-Majorand Warrant Officer (retired).The year 1890 presented a marked contrast in one respectwith that of its predecessor, as there were numerousand important changes among the officers of theregiment, which are liere set forth as they occurred :

224 history of the royal grenadiers.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 31st January, 1890.Active Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captain : Lieutenant J. D. Hay, S.I., vice J. I.Davidson, retired retaining rank.To be Lieutenants : 2nd Lieutenant F. W. G. Fitzgerald,R.S.I., vice Hay, promoted.2nd Lieutenant Stephen Augustus Heward, R.S.I.2nd Lieutenant Archibald Hayes Macdonell, R.S.I.General Orders.No. 5.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 18th April, 1890.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.Captain Charles Greville-Harston, hasbeen permittedto accept the appointment of Honorary Aide-de-Camp toHis Honor, the Lieutenant-Governor of theOntario, to date from 8th March, 1890.General Orders.Province ofHead Quarters.Ottawa, 5th September, 1890.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : DArcy HughKirkland MacMahon, Esq., vice F. W. G. Fitzgerald,promoted.The resignation of 2nd Lieutenant W. Geoffrey AustinLambe is hereby accepted.

promotions and appoixt.ments. 225Hkad Quarters,Okneual Okdkrs. Ottawa,. 81 sfc October, USDO.AcTiVK Militia.No. 2. Tenth Battalion, Koyal Cirenadiers, T(ji'onto.To be Lieutenant : 2n(l Lieutenant John D. Maclennan,R.S.I., vice F. W. G. F'itzgeraUl, re.si^ned.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Alexander ClaudeForster Bolton, Esq., vice J.General Orders.D. Maclennan, promoted.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 31st ])cceniber, 1890.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, lloyal Grenadiers, Toronto.To be Captains : Captain F. F. Manley, V.B., from theAdjutancy vice Donald Macdonald Howard, retired retainingrank.Lieutenant Alexander Cecil Gibson, S.I., vice J. Morrow,retired retaining rank.Maxwell Irving, V.B.,To be Lieutenant : Andrewfrom the Retired List of Lieutenants, vice A. C. (iibson,promoted.To be Adjutant : Lieutenant and Captain John BayneMcLean, G.8.L, vice F. F. Manley, who vacates thahappointment.Captain Howard retired from the regiment to jointhe Northwest Mounted Police in which he had been a))-])ointed Inspector. He had served with the Grenadiersin the Northwest and was a mont enthusiastic soldier.The Regiment paraded on Friday May 8()th, 1890, andmarched to Front street, forming up in front of theQueen's Hotel, where they were inspected by H.R.H. theO

220•HisroKYOF THE UOYAJ. (i KEN ADIEUS.Duke of Oonnauglit, who was passintr tlirough Torontoon liis way home to England from his Indian Command,liaving come via the C.P.R. from Vancouver. H.R.H.expressed himself afterwards as being highly pleasedwith the appearance of the regiment, and the approvalwas duly notified in General Orders.On June 26th took place in Toronto what was describedas " The Carnival." It was a pleasing entertainment,and the Grenadiers took part in the military portion ofthe pageant.Staff-Sergeant Fredeiick Curzon who had served sogallantly in the Northwest campaign of 1885, died onAugust ]8th, 1890, after an illness of three weeks. Hewas interred with military honours on August 15th, inMount Pleasant Cemetery. The Globe of August 16thremarked in reference to Sergeant Curzon's death :— " Itis not often that a military funeral takes place inToronto, but there are few men deserving such an honourmore than the late Staff-Sergeant Curzon, who, whilecomparatively a young man, had given a decade oflife to the service of his country."Autumn drill began on September 25th, and concludedon November 6th, when a Field day was held in HighPark which proved highly successful.The following order speaks for itself, and requires nocomment. It marks though one more forward step inthe regimental history.Head Quarters, Royal Grenadiers,Toronto, 2nd October, 1890.Regimental Ordkrs.No. 5.hisA Sergeants' Mess being formed in connection

:PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 227with the Ke^iinent, the Coinmandiiifij OHicer directs thatallStaff-Sergeants and Sei-geants must be members.Progress, steady progress, still marked the course ofthe Royal Grenadiers, for in January, ]891, the battalionwas increased in strength from eight to ten companies,and there was not the slighest difficulty in obtaining recruits,in fact, if the regiment had been increased totwelve coQipanies the men would have been forthcoming.Consequent upon this augmentation, and also fromother causes, there were many changes among the officersof the Grenadiers in 1 S91 . Almost every month throughoutthe year did these occur, they constitute a somewhatlong list, which is now givenGeneral Orders.Head Quautkks,Ottawa, 30th January, 1891.Active Militia.No. 3. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto,Ont.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : George A. Stimson,Esq., vice S. A.General Orders.Heward, promoted.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 2i)th March, 1891.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto,Ont.To be Captains :on augmentation.Lieutenant W. Standish Lowe, S.I.,Francis James Gosling, Esquire, S.I., on augmentation.

228 HISTORY OF THK UOVAL ORENADIEKS.To be 2ncl Lieutenant, provisionally: Alexander JanieHBoyd, I^jHfjuire,Gkxehal Orders.vice A. H. Macdonell, promoted.Head Quarteijs,Ottawa, 24tli April, LSOl.Active Militia.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Arthur Bobei-tSweatnian, Esquire, vice W. G. A. Lambe, resigned.Major James Mason is permitted to i-etire, retainin?^rank.General Orders.Head (^uartkus,Otfawa, 22nd May, 1891.Active Militia.No. 1. Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Captain : Lieutenant A. B. Cameron, R.S.I. , viceForbes Miehie, deceased.Lieutenant and Captain J. B. McLean, Adjutant, withseniority immediately next to and below Captain A. B.Cameron.To be Lieutenant :2nd Lieutenant D'Arcy Hugh KirklandMacMahon, R.S.L, vice W S. Lowe, promoted.To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Wm. Lehniann,Esq., vice D'A. H. K. MacMahon. promoted.General Orders.No. 1.Hp:ad Quartkrs,Ottawa, 2(jth June, 1891.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.

I'KOMOTIONS AND Al'I'OINTMKNTS. 229To be 2nd Lieutenant, provisionally : Wm. R. Pringle,Esq , vice T. F. Homer Dixon, translurred to 7th Battalion.General Orders.HkAD QlARTEHS,Ottawa, ]()th July, l.SDl.Active Militia.No. 2. Tciith Battalion, Royal Grenadiers.To be Lieutenant: 2nd Lieutenant A. R. Sweatman,R.S.L, vice A. B, Canieion, promoted,2nd Lieutenant William Lolimann, R.S.LLieutenant Wm. Craven Vaux Chathvick, from theAdjutancy, 36th Battalion.General Orders.Head Qtaktehs,Ottawa, 28th Auattalion, Royal Grenadiers.Nov., 189L

2*J0 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL (UIENADIEHS.To be- 2nd Lieutenants:2nd Lieutenant Cesare J. Marani,R.SI., from No. 7 Company, 34th Battalion, viceA. R. Sweatman, promoted.James Wm. Bain, Es((., provisionally, vice Lehmann,promoted.General Orokrs.Hkao Quarters,Ottawa, 24th December, 1891.Active Militia.No. 2. IVnth Battalion, Royal (Jrenadiers, Toronto,Ont.To be Captain :I., vice G. P.To be Lieutenant :LieutenantStephen A. Howard, R. S.Eliot, retired retaining rank.2nd Lieutenant Alexander J. Boyd,R.S.L, vice He ward, promoted.To be 2n(l Lieutenants, provisionally J. W. S. Corley,vice Boyd, promoted.John T. Thompson, to complete establishment.The sprinf^ drill conunenced as usual, early in Marchfor recruits and on the 17th for the entire battalion,being continued without intermission until May 24th.])ivine service parade took place on May 10th, andwas attended by ahiiost the entire regiment.Much sorrow was felt by all ranks in the regiment atthe death, on May oth 1891, of (Captain Forbes Michie.He had served throughout the whole of the Northwestcampaign and had been connected with the ( Jrenadiersfor nearly t(3nyears.Tlie roiiiment's excursion to Woodstock in 1891, wasa somewhat notable one, as it extended over threedays.

\ PROMO;—riONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 231IIkAD QUAIITEUSToiiONTO, ^.StliMay, LSOl.The t'oUowin^* extract t'roiii a letter from His Excellencythe Governor-General is published for the informationof all concerned:" His Excellency the Governor-General desires to expressthe pleasure which it gave him to see the rep^imentSaturday evening, May 28rd. He had heard muchof their reputation and although the circumstances underwhich they marched past wen^ such as make it difficultfor any corps to show what it could do in the way ofdrill, His Excellency was fully satisfiedfrom the steadiness,physique and general appearance of the men thatthey and their otlicers maintain the best traditions ofthe service and that they would do ample credit to themselvesat all times."The battalion paraded in review order with helmetsand loggings at the Armoury at o p.m., on Tuesday tlie2nd of June, and took part in the 25th anniversarycelebration of the Battle of llidgeway.The autunuial drills began in September and werebrought to a close by the annual inspection, which tookplace on November 1 2th, upon the common, north side ofKingston Ivoad, east of Norway and south of YorkStation, G.T.R.The inspection was preceded by a church ])arade toOak street i^esbyterisui church on Sunday, November8th, which was fully attended by all ranks.The following ])romotions and ? ppointmeuts took placein tlie regiment during l!S02, they were published officiallythus

.Head282 history of thk koyal (juknaijieiis.'Qt^arters,Genkral Orders.Ottawa, 24th March, J 892.Active Militia.No. (). Tenth Battalion, Royal (Jrenadiers, Toronto,Out.To bo Lieutenant :2n(l Lieutenant WiUiam RohertPrin^ijle, R.S.L, rice J, J). Macleinian, {)romoted into the• ith Battalion.(!eNEMAE OliDEKS.Head Quarters,Active Mii.itia.Ottawa, 12th Mav, 1892.No. 4. Tenth Battalion, Roval (Jrenadiers, Toronto,Ont.To be Lieutenant: 2n(l Lieutenant Cesaro, J. Marani,R.S.L, vice, A. 11. Macdonell, appointed to the Lifai\trySchool Corps.To be 2nd liieutenant, provisionally :A.W. Croil, Kk(],rice A. (/. F. Boulton, pi'cjninted.Lieutenant AC. F. Boulton resi^nis h\s connnission.2nd Lieutenant J.W. S. Corh^y retires from the service.Head Qi: arte us,Ottawa, Hrd June, LSi)2.(JENERAE

I'KOMOTIONS AND APP0[NTMP:NTS. 2o3Major Artlnir Bapjsliaw Harrison is permitted to reti] e,retainin^:^ rank.General OiiDERs.Head QrAiiTEiis,Ottawa, :mh September, 1892.Active Service.Tenth Battalion, Royal Ch-enadiers, Toronto, ( )nt.To ]a) Lieutenants: 2n(l Lieutenant J. W. IJain, R.S.L,vice A. C. P. Boulton, resigned.Lieutenant W. H. Me( 'live, R S.L, from No. 2 Company,19th Battalion, viceCanadian Regiment of Infantry.D'A. H. K. MacJMahon, appointed to2nd Lieutenant Artliur Wellesley Croil i-etii-es fromthe service.Gknerai. ()ri)m;s.HkAD QlTARTERS,Ottawa, liSth Octohei-, 1.S92.iVc'iivi;Mii.iTiA,'^Fenth }>. 'talion, l^)yal (irtjnadiei's, Toronto, Ont.To be 2nd Liiuitenants, ])rovisi()nally : dames GraysonSndth, Ks(|uire, ?;/w G. A. Stimson, promoted.( 'yrut-' Stiles, I*]s(|uire, vice W. 11. Pringle, p)'omot

284 HISTiMlY OV THK ROYAL GRKNADIERS.bein^ well attenderl, and on May 24th, sprinf,^ drillconcluded by an excursion to Windsor, which thoughmost successful and highly enjoyed by both officersand men, does not call for any special comment beyondrecording the hearty reception given the battalionin Windsor.The autumnal drills began on September 22nd andcontinued until November lOth when the inspection wasordered to take place in High Park, but owing to the badweather which prevailed, the parade was at the lastmoment cancelled. Divine service for the battalion washeld at the Northern Congregational Church, on October2nd.There were several notable changes among the officersof the Crenadiers, in 1893, Lieutenant-Colonel Dawsonretiring at the close of the year, being succeeded by MajorMason, all thesethe following General Orders:changes will be found duly recorded inHead Quarters,Ottawa, 20th January, 1898.General Orders,Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To be ( ;aptain : Lieutenant Andrew Maxwell Irving,Hay, promoted.R.S.I., vice J. ]).General Oiu)ers.Tenth Battalion, RoyalHead Quarters,Ottawa, 8id February, LS98.Active Militia.Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 235To be Lieutenant : 2ncl Lieutenant Harvey A. Willis,R.S.I., from No. 6 Company, 36th Battalion, vice A. M.Irving promoted.Head Quarters,Genekal Orders,Ottawa, 24th February, 1893.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.Lieutenant William Robert Princrle resijjns his commission.Head Quartkhs,General Orders.Ottawa, 5th May, LS93.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal ( Jrenadiers, Toronto, Ont.Lieutenant Cesare J. Marani resigns his commission.2n(l Lieutenant C^yrus Stiles retires i'rom the service.Pa^-master and Honorary Captain John Bruce isgranted the honorary rank of JVIjijor, to date from 25thSeptember, 1892.Head Quarters,Genkiul Order.Ottawa, L5th September, 1893.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To be Lieutenant: 2nd Lieutenant James GraysonSmith, R.S.I. , '^^'ice W. R. Pringle, resigned.2nd Lieutenant, -John T. Thompson, retires from theservice.

2'm\ history ob^ thk j{()yal grenaj)iehs.Head Quarters,'General Order.TentliOttawa, 2iid November, 189.*).Active Militia.Battalion, Royal CJrenadiers, 'I'oroiito, Out.Captain and Brovct j\[ajor Frederick V. JNIanley ispermitted to retire retainin^]^ rank.CJeneral Order.Head Ql^\rtkrs,Ottaava, l,st December, !89o.Active Militia.Tentli Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To l)e Lieutenant-Colonel: Major James Mason, R.S I.,vice (ieoro^e Dudley Dawson, who is permitted to retireretaining:; rank.Drill for the battalion commenced in 189IJ as in previousyears in March. There was the usual rei^imentnlchurch parade in April, and the i)attali(jn oi' coursetook part inthe lirst Garrison church parade, which washeld at the Pavihon in the Horticultural (Jardens, on thesecond Sund;i,y in May.There was a departure from precedent in 1893, as thebattalion remained in '^Foronto for the Queen's Birthday,and " trooped " the Queen's color on the old CricketGround in (^)ueen's Park.Colonel Sir Casinnr Gzowski, K.('.M.(i., was the rcviowiujij;oHicer. The day was fine, and tlu'n! was an immensenumber of s})ectators. AnH^ny- those presentwere Majoi* ( Jt'uci'al Sandham, liieut.-( -oloncl (Jrasett,Li'Mit. (^)ion.d (I'W Dnuson, (J.G.Itd.: Li.Mjt.-(^.loiu>l

;PROMOTIONS AXD APPOINTMENTS. 237G. A. Sliaw, U.L. : a,ml himdn.'fls of ladies, 'i'lic (Queen'sOwn Riiles on tlio same day wv.rc brigaded with tlieGovevnor-Genei'ars Foot (Jiiards i'roiiiOttawa, and tireda, feu

238 TTISTOUY OF TMK ROYAL GRENADIEKS.ing oA the city by High Park and the Lake Shore road.The battle terminated about 3 o'clock, Major-CJeneralHerbert being well aatisHed with the men's work.After the battle was over, the troops marched to theExhibition Grounds, and marched past before the Major-General, who, on its conclusion, spoke ofthe entire paradeas " being the best he had seen since he came toCanada."The day's proceedings conchided with a dinner of thewliole of the officers at Webb's.At this parade the Grenadiers turned out 450 strong.Lieutenant-Colonel Dawson's valedictory address tothe Regiment on his retirement, read thus :" Lieutenant- Colonel Dawson, in taking leave of theRoyal Grenadiers, in which he has served for thirteenyears, and has had thehonor to command for the pastsix, desires to tender his thanks to the officers, noncommissionedofficers and men of the regiment fortheir support and co-operation during his period of command.He takes pride in the fact that during his command:" Two companies were added to the strength of theregiment. The colors were re-decorated by the ladiesof Toronto, when the name ' Batoche ' * was emblazonedon their folds, and that the enthusiasm and esprit decori^s of all ranks were never greater than at the presenttime.Lieutenant-Colonel Dawson now says farewell tothe Grenadiers, with the assurance that thecorps will"The Honour" of "Batoche" on the colours of the R. O. was actually gi antedduring Lieut. -Col. Graaett'e command, and as Lieut. -Col., Dawson says, carried intoeffect in his.

:"PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 289always keep and maintain in the future the distinguishedposition and prestige ithas earned in the past,both on the tiehl and in their native city, and that theywill hold fast to their motto, Ready, Aye Ready.''There were not manv changes amono- the officers ofthe Grenadiers in 1894f, though no less than six of thevacant 2nd Lieutenancies were filled up. The ( generalOrders relatint^ to promotions and appointments weretheseGeneral Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 31st January, 1894.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To be Lieutenant : William Robert Pringle, Esq., viceC. J. Marani, resigned.Lieutenant Walter Hugh McClive resigns his commission.General Orders.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 20th April, 1894.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.Paymaster and Honorary Major John Bruce, to beMajor and to perform the duties of Paymaster in accordancewith General Order 33, of the 19th August,1892.To be Adjutant: Captain A. M. Irving, R.S.L, viceMaclean, who resigns the Adjutancy.To be Captain : Honorary Captain and QuartermasterWm. T. Tassie, R.S.I., vice Gosling, retired, retainingrank.

240 nisrouY of thk royal gkknadi,.k,s.To" be (/ii!irk'rniast

I'llOMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 241A useful N.C.O. of the regiment, one who had gonethrough the Northwest campaign, Hospital SergeantDent, died on May 27th, 1894. He was interred withmilitary honors two days later. Sergeant Dent hadbeen a pleasing writer on military matters for someyears previously.Drill was resumed in the autumn on August 30th, andconcluded with a field day on November 13th, on theground to the immediate west of the continuation ofSpadina road, north of Davenport road. The troops engagedwere one troop of the Royal Canadian Dragoonsand one company of the R.R.C.I., the three Toronto regimentsand the 18th Battalion from Hamilton. The finalmarch past was by half companies in column, and tookplace on St. George street before Lieutenant-ColonelOtter, D.A.G.The changes among the officers of the Grenadiers In1S9.")were as follows:General Orders.Head Quartp:rs,Ottawa, 26th January, 1895.Active Militia.Tenth Battalion, Royal (^^renadiers, Toronto, Ont.Lieutenant William Craven Vaux < 'hadwick is permittedto resign his connnission.Head Quar'J'krs,Ottawa, 9th February, 1895^General Orders.Active -—Militia.Tenth Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont. -

242 HLS'JORY Oh THE ROYAL GRENADIEIW.Captain Stephen A. Howard is permitted to resign hiscommission, and to retain the rank of Captain on retirement.To be Captain :Lieutenant George Alexander Stimson,vice Howard, resigned.To be Lieutenant: Charles S. Mclnnes, Gentleman, tocomplete establishment.General Ouders,Head Quarters,Ottawa, LSth April, 1895.Active Militia.Tenth Royal Grenadiers, 'J'oronto, Out.Captain Alexander Cecil Gibson is permitted to resignhis commission, and to retain the i-ank of Captain on retirement.To be Captain : Lieutenant Alexander James 1-oyd,vice Gibson retired. /To be 2nd Lieutenants provisionally : CooteShanly, Gentleman ;General Orders.NisbittGeorge Allen Case, Gentleman.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 21st Sept., 1895.ActiveMilitia.Tenth Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To 1)0 Lieutenants : 2nd Lieutenants A. F. R. Martin;H. R. O'RiMlly ;D. C. Meyers ;S. F. Sloane : J. T. Craig;J. C. Mason, and G. H. C. Brooke, from the retired list ofCaptains, to complete esteblishmentThat part of General Orders, 11th May, 1895, })ermittingLieutenant W. R. Pringle to resign his Commission

PROMOT ONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 243is amended by the following, * and to i etain the rank ofLieutenant on retirement."General Orders.Hkad Quarters,Ottawa, liith October, 1895.Active Militia.Tenth Rcyal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To lie 2nd Lieutenant provisionally : Albert AmosStuart Wilkins, Gentleman.Head Quarters,Ottawa, 9th November, 1895.General Orders.AcTivK Militia.Tenth Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To be 2nd Lieutenant provisionally : Robert OliverMontgomery, Gentleman.On the 4th April, 1895, for the last time, theRoyal Grenadiers paraded in the Old Armoury, at thefoot of Jar vis and West Market-streets.About five minutes past eight the buglers on duty forthe evening sounded the " Fall in," and well did theRoyal Grenadiers respond to the summons. Rarely, ifever, has such a muster been seen. Sometime elapsedowing to the crowded drill slied before it was possiblefor the Adjutant to order the Scigeant-Major to sound" orderly sergeants " so as to collect the com})any " states,"but it was accomplished just before nine. Markers werethen thrown out and the companies marched upon themforming a ten company battalion at ((uartor distance,right in front, colours in the centre.

124HISTORY OF THE ROYAL (iRENADIERS.The adjutant rode up to Lieutenant-Colonel Mason, reportingall correct, then the latter took command. Thescene which followed was thus described by one of thenewspapers of the day :•'Royal Grenadiers, 'Tention," called the Colonel,and as one man the regiment sprang to attention. TheColonel then told the battalion that an enterprising andartistic photographer being present a picture of theRoyal Grenadiers was going to be taken, and they muststand like rocks. The commanding officer proceeded toform the regiment into column of companies at threepaces distance with the pioneers, band, and drums infront ; ordered the men to f.x bayonets, slope arms, andwait. They had not long to do the latter, a tremendtmsHash, a cloud of smoke, and a cry of " 1Oli " from a numberof young ladies who were in the galleries announcedthat the picture had been taken. " Order arms." " Unlixbayonets," were the next commands, followed by " Standat ease, stand easy,' then the gallant soldiers waited again,no one seemed to understand exactly what for. Presentlyit was learned that another photograph was to be takenand that the aforesaid artistic and enterprising " photo-'grapher had to prepare his lights. It was a long wait,and while it lasted the drummers whistled, and did itvery well, too, the popular air of " Tommy Atkins.""At last the artist informed Colonel Mason that ' allwas ready,' and again the R. G.'s were called to attentionand ordered to slope their arms, but not ' ' to fix bayonets.A second flash, another cloud of smoke, and vet anotherexclamation of dismay from the ladies, and the secondpicture was duly taken.

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 245" Then came tlie order I'roiii the Coiouel to open th3ijfreat gates Facinnf West Market street, and as th»^ bandplayed'Auld Lan

246 hist'^>ry of the royal grenadikus." Men of the Royal Grenadiers :" Before leaving the hall I wish to address a few wordsto you, and tliey shall be very few. It is fourteen yeai'ssince this regiment was re-organized, and in that time ithas grown from six to eight, and from eight to ten companies.The growth of the regiment was under discouragingcircumstances, but owing to the zeal and goodjudgment of your first commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Grasett, every difficulty was overcome, and whenLieutenant-Colonel D.iwson assumed the command, hekept the battalion up to a high state of efficiency.It isfor the present members of the regiment to prove themselvesworthy successors of those who have precededthem, and by our exertions, by our zeal, and by the prideW'e take in our corps, to mainta?n our good name, andalso to maintain the character of the regiment. Foralthough we may not be in some unimportant points(juite up to other corps, I think I may safely say, that,as a fighting machine, for that is what we are, we arenot second to any regiment in the activemilitia of Canada.I trust every member will at all times show thatproud of being one of the Royal Grenadiers."The battalion, alter leaving the shed, pror^eeded viahe isKing, Yonge and Queen streets to University avenueuntil the new^ Armoury was reached. As they marchedup the avenue the band played " Men of the NorthernZone," and as they entered the new quarters, " A Soldierand a Man." Inside the building, the regiment, formedinto column were halted, closed to quarter distance, andthen the Colonel, in a very few words, addressed the regiment,saying, he hoped they would allmake the Com-

PliOxMOTlONS AXJ) AI4\)INTMENTS. 247pany Armouries as much oF a club as possible, and that h»'was hii^lily gratified at the splendid turn out ol' the cNcning. The colours were then marched oil* to tlu^ tune of the" British Grenadiers," and the ])arade was at an end.There were 2G oHicers and i)2(] non-commissioned officersand men on pai'ade, including band, drums, ambulance,signal men, and pioneers. '^Phe (Queen's colour wasborne by Lieutenant Martin, the lle^imental by LieutenantMason. All ranks vied with each other in makingthe day a memorable one in the history of the lloyalGrenadiers.In 1895 the year's drillbe^^an in the new ArmuoriesonUniversity street, on April 4th, a somewhat later datethan usual, and continued until May 24th, when it closedwith an excursion by the regiment to Collingwood.When they arrived there they were welcomed by theMayor, and later in tiie day a review took place on theFair grounds. At night a gi-juid entertainment by theband and drums of the battalion took place in the townhall, and on its conclusion the band went on a moonlightexcursion on the Georgian Jiay to Meaford. Next daywas Saturday, and the regiment marched through thetown with unfurled colours and band playing to a suburbanpark, where a short rest was taken. They thenreturned to the Fair ground, reaching there about 1 p.m.The remainder of the afternoon was given up to amusement,and at 7 o'clock the regiment took train for Toronto.The scene at the station was lively in the extreme ;all Collingwood was there to see the " Grens " depart,and when the train moved out of the station it wasamidst what a country paper described next day as " atempest of cheers."

248 HISTORY OF the royal orenadieus.The Batoche dinner of the officers of the Grenadierstook place in the new Armouries on May 12th. It wasan all but purely private affair, yet there was one guestnot belonging to or in anyway connected with the regimentwho was present, namely. Senator and Lieut.-Colonel Boulton, formerly of the 100th P. W. R. C.Regiment, who during the Northwest campaign was incommand of Boulton's Scoutcs serviny- " shoulder to shoulder" with the Grenadiers.The anunal drill season commenced in 1895 early inSeptember ; the Regimental church parade M'as held at AllSaints church on October 13th, and the (jarrisonchurchparade when the Grenadiers turned out GOO strong, beatingtheir record, on November Srd, Major-General Gascoignebeing present.A few days later the following communication I'romthe Major-General was published in Regimental Orders.Garrison Orders.Major-GeneralHead Quarters,Toronto, November 7th, 1895.Gascoigne has been pleased to expresshis satisfaction with the G^-rrison Parade on the 3rd*Qst. in the following letteracting D. A. G.received by Lt.-Col. Buchan,Toronto, 3rd November., 1895.The Officer Commanding No. 2 District,—Please express to all ranks of the Toronto Garrison,both Permanent Force, aswell as Active Militia, my extremesatisfaction at the remarkably good turn out. Iwitnessed the divine service parade this afternoon, not

IMloMOTIONS AND A I'I'OINTMENTS. 249only ill numbers did it exceed my expeciatiun, but thetj^eneral snwirtness uiid magnificent appearance of thetroops, as well as the steadiness and evident knowledgeof drill and training, gave me the highest gratification.1 am proud to have the honor of commanding suchtroops. \'our own arrangeiiKnits also were exceedinglygood and well carried out.W. »l. Oascoigne,Major- (reneralCoinmandinff.Another oflicor of the (Jrenadiers who liad servedthroughout the Northwest campaign, Captain andQuarter Master G. P. Eliot, died on November 1 5th,1895, and was interrcxl with military honors on November17th. Many officers of other corps were present atthe funeral, in addition to those of the Grenadiers.Two months had barely elapsed when on January11th, 189(3, Captain and Adjutant Andrew MaxwellIrving, was, after a very brief illness, removed by death.He was lamented by all ranks and mourned for mostsincerely. Every Toronto newspaper gave a lengthynotice of his life and career, and all spoke in the highestterms of the man and of the soldier. " It v/as histhorough unselti.shness, his desire to let others shinerather than himselfIrving such a thoroughly lovablethat made the character of Andrewone," wrote one paper,and all who read it knew the words to be true.TLe Regimental Orders of January 16th thus referredto the sad event." By the death of Captain Irving, the regiment haslost the services of a most capable and efficient officer,

250 HISTORY OF THE UOYAL (UIKNADIKKS.ono who (liirin(' liis Ion*; coiinection with it riiitliCull vand tlioroui^hly pert'oniu'd rvc^ry duty assij^nud to liiiiiand always made tho intorests and advanci'nicnt of tlicre

• JIN LOSING MEMORYOFmmmX.f&t-^^

.,one who (luiinjLi* his loti^ connection with it fnitlifullyand thorou^'hly perl'oiiiK.rl every duty aHsiutt]iepa1l-f)carersWere reprt*«entativo uu>m, namely : Lieut-Colonel'sGra-Stftt, Dawson. I)avi(fsv>n, Mason, Messrs. John U. HohinNonand H. Biupliy.From Jaruiary to Ju/tf, \HiWt wh^it n • »;v clones,the onl\' ehaujfj*?* ftm'!.«)j( 1'iwere a« is thuw tohi »)» Fe>v isfx;:Rochf(n-t Sitrt'of. '"nMitleman.E.imund

(r)\C«^IHL0YIN6 MEMORYorORPORiaAiMMMIIi

:Promotions and appointments. 251General Orders.Head Quauters,Active Militia.Ottawa, Juno liiUi,lcS9().Tenth Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, Toronto, Ont.To be Quartermaster, witli honorary rank of CaptainProvisional 2nd Lieutenant, Robert O. Mont

252 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Not on]}" is the battalion numerically stiong, but itin an excellent .state of drill, also of discipline, .lotexcelled hy any other corps in the Dominion.The band, under Mr. Waldron's able directorate, is inthe highest state of efficiency, and its services are in constantdemand for various entertainments from Januaryuntil ]^ecember. The drummers and buglers are also wellti'ained by Sergeant-drummqr Farmer, and they displaythat zeal and devotion to their duties which is happilya characteristic of the entire regiment.Before bringing the history to a close it will not beout of place to refer briefly to the part the Grenadiersof all ranks have taken in the social life of the city.The famous ball given by the officers after the regiment'sreturn from the Northwest has been fully described informer pages. Notable as this event was, it wasonly one ofmany occasions when the Grenadiers were" ready, aye ready " to afford enjoyment to their fellowcitizens in the exercise of the most profuse and gracefulhospitality.The assemblies held for many years by theGrenadier officers are looked back to with pleasure byall those who had the privilege of attending them.Toronto's fairest matrons and maids graced these assemblagesby their presence, and in. doing so felt that theywere as much honored by, as conferring honor upon,their hosts.The dramatic performances given under the auspicesToronto residents.of the Grenadiers have also been a great source of pleasureto a large number ofThe non-commissioned ranks of the regiment havealso proved themselves to be kindly hosts and genialis

RCT.-MAJOk JAMKS T. COX, W.O. BANDMASTER J. WALDRON, W.O.COLOR-SKRGT. G. SCl'LLY.ARTERMASTER-SKRGT. H VV. JOHNSTON. PAYMASTER-SERGT. W. J. BEWLE^ ,

CONCLUSION. 253entertainers. The annual dinner of the Sergeants andof the Band and Drummers being events eagerly participatedin by all those who have the honor to beinvited.The Sergeants' Mess of the regiment is yet a younginstitution : but under its effective and practical managementit can not fail to be one of the most popularadjuncts of the corps, besides one of the sources of itsstrength.One of the most pleasing matters in connection withthe church parades of the Royal Grenadiers is theappearance, attached to them, of the Upper CanadaCollege company of Cadets. These youths, in theirneat uniform of blue and silver, their smart drill andgood discipline always receive a gn^at deal of wellmerited attention.There is little now to relate respecting the RoyalGrenadiers as the present year is not yet expired. Drillbegan on March 2()th, I89G, and ended for the summerwith the regiment's return to Toronto, after a most enjoyabletrip to Berlin, extending from May 2"kl to earlymorning on May 2()th. This was the lai'gest holidayparade on record, 502 of all ranks being present. Itwould be impossible to speak too highly of the enthusiasmshown by the people of Berlin in the welcome theyextended to and the hospitality tlu'y bestowed upon allranks of the regiment.*

254 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRKN ADIEUS.My work is finished, I have tried to tell the atory ofthe regiment for the thirty-five years of its existence,fairly and accarately and I can only ask those who readthe book to overlook any small errors and to believe thatI have tried to do justice to the regiment particularly,and to all others generally.June loth, 189G.

® « fl 2S2 s«, -C , . , eiH ^ffi a: '« «8 S

256 APPENDIX.•i•SaQ" «uo• 1—1Cl CI I'J ICOi Ci Oj CV00 oo 00 00aaO -ij r/) T.'ci-t-9H-idtoPf^aM -3s " a$9W 3v;w ca00.M •-— HI &Iu «< a'£) ^ 3 3e8 5 c4 Oi-t-^iOT-tOOOOCO4)*^e? a^ » c I60 MO"-^ ^^ OH10 »0 O 'jS ;o COCi ^ OT Ci C^ Ci00 00 0000 0000cTto .•J O (M 1^ t-I (MI—I'D rH (M T-H13a ^. 32 t-1) ceS OfZ3-•^Tc—' Sa o c xi^'1qg O «* § rt*-§ rt-o 2a1^;owo0^Hvoa oVI's'J2toaWoa-I00.-IC(1> gS35ocoo«

ROYAL GRENADIERS.LIST OP OFFIC£US.Conclusion of Drill Season 1895.LlEDTENANT-CoLONKL.—James Mason,Majors.— John Dunlop Hay, John Bruce.Captains.—Frederick Albert Caaton, llobert Groodall Trotter, Alfred BuellCameron, John Bayne McLean, James Drxminiond Mackay, AndrewMaxwell Irving, Adjt., William Tassie Tassie, William Lehmaun, GeorgeAlexander Stimson, Alexander James Boyd,Lieutenants.—James William Bain, Harvey Archelaus Willis, JamesGrayson Smith, Alexis Francis Kamsay Martin, Henry Rowsell O'Reilly,Donald Campbell Meyers, Samuel Foote Sloane, James Tolmie Craig,James Cooper Mason, George Hiram Capron Brooke, (Capt. in Militia).2nd Lieutenants.—Charles Stephen Mclnnes, Coote Nisbett Shanly, Geo.Allen Case, Albert Amos Stuart Wilkins, Robert Oliver Montgomery.Adjutant.— Captain Andrew Maxwell Irving.SuiiOEON. — George Sterling Ryerson.Assistant Surgeon.—Edmund Eleazar King.Quartermaster.—Captain Granville Percival Eliot.KEUIMENTAL ROLL.Staff Serseants.— Sergeant-Major, J. T. Cox ; Band Master, J. Waldron;Quartermaster-Sergeant, H. W. Johnston ; Paymaster Sergeant,W. J. Bewley ; Orderly-room Sergeant, W. J. Weatberly ; SergeantInstructor of Musketry, A. Bell ; Armourer Sergeant, G. Brooks ; AssistantSerge.tnt-Major, F. Francis ; As&istant Quartermaster-Sergeant, J.Ewart ; Assistant Sergeant Instructor of Musketry, R. McVittie,Assistant Drill Instructors. —Color-Sergeant, P. Foley; Sergeant, OFreemantle.band.Sergeant.—Tressam, T.Corporal.—Barnard, T. H.Privates.—Alderson, J., Bagnall, J., Blight, M., Brickenden, A. J., Brickenden,T. E., Carrier, C. J., Chinholm, D,, Clegg, T., Cull, H. J., Grogan,C, Harris, J., Henderson, W,, Herbert, J., (Howard, J. T.), Jackman,W., Jacobs, R., Johnstone, H. W., Johnston, W. C, King, J. H.,Lovatt, W., Lucas, J., McBride, J., McClure, J., Martin, C, Mills, W.Q

258 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL ORENADIERS.A., M

APPENDIX. 269W. Griffiths, Chas. Hindlo, Geo. Hindle, W. J. llird, G. HopkiiiH, J.Hopkinn, T. HupkinH, II. Hunt, H. Jones, J. Kavanagh, J. Keinbly,J. Kilhy, G. Lony, J. Mcehiaiy, (L.C.), 11. li. McCuaig, S. A. Marchment,H. Marsh, (L.C.), G. Nesbitt, W. J. Nesbitt, A. Orr.C. Perrin, J.Pickering, L. Rees, W. E. Reid, R. L. Riggs, A. Saunders, T. R. Seeley,D. A. J^erviss, W. Stanley, F. Swain, W. Thomas. E. Wills."b" company.Coloh-Seroeant.—McClinton, D.Skkokants.— Craig, D., Phillips, J.Lance-Skiigeant.—Magone, R.CoKPORAi.s.—McBrien, T., Sink, E., Sweet, O.Pkivatbs.—Bates, D., Bates, G. E., Bell, H., Bloxain, C, Cunipbell, A.,Cassidy, N., Clarke, F. A., Cordinglty, E., Cumming, W., Daniels, W.,Eames, G., Eckhardt, E. H., Forster, J. (L.C.), Forster, Wm,, Glenn,W., Gonder, A., Graham, W., Harris, A. (L.C.), Henderson, W., Hewitt,E,, Ingram, G., Levell, W., Long, H., Micks, G., Mitchell, W. J.,Murphy, J. D., Morris, J. S., Osier, A., Phibbs, R., Phillips, C. E.,Phillips, E., Phillips, R. S., Reid, G., Robinson, G., Roulston, J. R.,Sewrey, J., Simmons, C, Stitzel, W., Surphlis, R., Taylor, W. (L.C.),Tomlin, A., Webb, H., Wilson, G."O" COMPANT.Color-Seroeant.—Leith, Wm.Sergeants.—Botsford, W., Eaton, Ryerson, Lance-Sergeant, Norris, H. G.Corporal. —Leith, D.Privates.—Banks, W., Beatty, S. (li.C), Beynon, J., Brown, R., Carpenter,J., Carroll, R., Carter, A., Chesher, A., Cooper, A., Cowan, W.,Conhan, A., Cruickshank, Wm. (L.C.), Duff, D. (L.C.). Fell, Wm.,Hill, G., Hornshaw, S., Hussey, Jas., Ibbotson, Joe, Kent, E., Legier,T.,Leonard M., Ludlow, Wm., McKnight, R., Milloy, N., Newton, A.,Osborne, T., Owston, P., Rabjohn, A., Rabjohn, F. (L.C.), Robertson,R., Russell, James, Scott, Wm., Stacy, Jas. A., Tassie, H., Walker, S.(L,C.), Williams, R., Wray, W., Yeomans, R."d" oompant.Color-Sbrgkant.—Scully, Geo.Sergeants.—Richardson, Geo., Smith, W., Lee. -Sergeant, Wadsworthj A.Corporals.—Braun, R., Britton, F., Edwards. W.Privates,—Auchincloss, G., Breckenreid, W., Brooks, G., Bull, C, Calhoun,A., Calhoun, W., Campbell, W.,Chinn, J., Coghill, J., Connell, J.J., Culligan, S., Dale, T., Dean, "T" ^-son, W.A., Friend, W., Garland,B., Gee, P., Gillam, A., Gladwin, Jas., Hagen, T., Hockridge, A., Plum-

2fiO HrsTouY or tfte royal ouknadieuh.phrey, E., lltimphrey, J., Jones, C. M., Lane, P., Lewis, C, MacNally,M., Marsh, A., Metcalf, ¥., Milne, T., Moore, R., Mortimer, G., Newman,K., NelHon, G., ParHonn, W. S., Richardson, J. ]t., Scott, H.,Stephen, J. T., Tansley, C, Tod.l, J. H.. Vosa, J., Walker, T., Watts,C, Wattfl, W. A., Weldon, G., White, A., Wilson, J.••e" company.Colou-Skuqeant.— Bennett, W. K.SER0EANT8.— Hall, T., llobinsoii, T.,Lance-Sehueant.—McHugh, D.CouPOKALS.—Bennett, J. H., Edmondson, W.Privates.— Bach, W., Barker, A. J., Barker, W., Barnes, W., Bennett, T.,Bourne, R., lirown, J., Brown, I. H., (L.O.), Browne, C. F. W., Bryson,H., Caldwell, R., Calvert, F. M., Campbell, IL, Campbell, J., Chalmers,G. A., Charters, T., Cloutmao, A., Colcock, W., Croot, J, T., Crowly, W.Cook, B. W., Davis, H., Dear, H., Donald, R., Forsyth, C, France, L.,Gallagher, J. G., Gallagher, P., Gould, D., Hall, 1., Hall, W., Hampton,R., Harrington, A. N., Harrison, R. S., (L. C), Harrison, W.,Head, W. A., Hogan, P. J., Hurrell, J., King, W. J., Lowry, A., Lynn,D. A., McHugh, E., Magennis, J., Murley, J., Poulton, H. M., Powia, W.,Rodway, F,, Roome, R., Seale, C, Seale, F., Smith, J., Starr, N., VanIderstein F., WilUams, E., Wright, G., Wyley, W."f" company.Oolob-Sergeant.—Nolan, J.Sergeants.—Doherty, R., Weston, J.Lance-Sergant.—Comber, B. T.Corporals.—Noble, J., Smith, A. J,Privates.—Abraham, G.,Ball, E. H-, (L. C), Bedford, E., Bennett, A.Bishop, W., Brown, G. R., Brown, R., Butcher, W., Carwardine, A.,Coe, Chas., Colyer, L., (L. C), Constable, Tho«., Elsworth, R., Ferguson,John, (L. C), Fleming, Wm., Green, H., Hamilton, Geo., Hanna, J.,Hunt, D., Jackson, Chas., Joyce, H., Kenmare, J., (L. C), Love, Thos.,McDonald, Jas., Mack, M., Mayne, S., Moftitt, Jas., Moore, H., Mullen,A., Scott, J., Snider, F., Stephens, W., Steam, A. E., Weir, J. Thompson,S., Whitley, R., Whitley, W., Wilson W."a" company.Color-Sebgeant.—Dempster, R.Sbbgbants.— Cartwright, G., Hill, H.Lance-SebgbANT.—Dicks, G.Corporal. - Bealea, S.Privates.- Atkinson, E. G., Atkinson, J., Baylis, J. (L.C.), Beasley, J.,

APPKNDIX. 201Brambles, T., Brim^ey,N. (L.C.), Broesnan, T., Campbell, VV., Clari(k'e,C, Cook, A. J., Colls, W., Crnickshank, H. (L.C.), Davis, W., For-Bcyth, A. J., Uilmour, W., (Jlenholm, H., Grey, G., Griffiths, J., Hammonrl,If., Hill, A., Hind, J., Hull, J. A., Hy

;262 HisTORr OF the royal grenadiers.Corporals.— G. Hammond, L. Keele.Privates.—A. Adams. F. Appleton, G. Black, H. Black, J. Bush, J.Gallon, H. Cast, A. Caswell, J. Clarke, A. Coggins, W. Cook, H. Cousins,J. A. Davidson, M. Dodsen, H. Dryland, D. Deckinson, E. A.Flaxman, F. Francis, S. Francis, J. T. French, G. Gibbons, J. Hackett(L.C.), E. Hodgson, R. Hyde, T. Lane, S. Latimer, W. J. Laverty, J.Long, R. McCleary, N. McEachreu, M. Mercer, A. Mitchell, H. Nixon,J. Orrett, G. Penny, G. Pellow, A. Pillow, A. Robinson (L.C.), M. H.Sheppard, W. Spence, L. Sherrif, J. Silvester, C. Standish, E. Taylor,W. D. Titus, W. J. Titus, W. W. Townsend, J. Van Wyck. J. E. Warring,A. Weston, J. A. Williams, J. A. Wilson, W. Withers, R. Worden.STRENGTH OF REGIMENT.RECAPITULATION.Officers 30 I) Co 54Staff-Sergeants 12 E *' 02Band 42 F " 44Drummers 41 G " 48Pioneers 11 H " 57Ambulance and Signal Men 31 I '' 48ACo 54 K " 60B " 49 —C *• 43 G8GTHE NORTH-WEST CAMPAIGN.LIST OF OFFICERS, NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND HIEN.Staff.—Lieut.-Col,, H. J. Grasett; Major, G. D. Dawson; Adj.-Capt.,F. F. Manley; Asst. -Surgeon, Dr. G. S. Ryerson; Act.-Quartermastor,Lieut, W. S. Lowe.Staff-Skroeants.—Alf. Curran, Q.M.S. ; James Hutchison, O.R.C.Acting Sergt.-Maj., J. 8. Monroe; Drum-Maj., W. Bewley ; Hosp.-Sergt., R. Hazelton ; Pion.-Sorgt., C. W. Harding.NO. 1 COMPANY.Captain.—F, A. Canton.Lieutenant. -D. M. Howard.2nd Lieutenant.— a. C. Gibson.Color-Serobant.—F. Francis.Sergeants.—J. G. Goodman, G. P. Magner, R. Davis.Corporals.— A. E. Moore, I. G. Craig, J. Foley, W. Rogers, C. M. Thrush,J. W., Bolton V. E. Ashdown, W. W. Small.PRIVATES.—T. J. Allan, A. E. Barnes, J. Blevins, J. W.Beattie, C. Bloxam,•

APPENDIX. 263H. Boothe, J. Boyd, W. J. Carter, G. Cook, J. Richardson, B. W. Smith,G. Smith, R. Wiggins, G. Wood, G. White, Private Moberly, J. Gray,G. Congalton, A. B. Curran, S. H. Dye, J. M. Edgar, W. Fraser, G. A.Geasley, H. Green, D. M. Haines, H, J. Hare, R. G. Henry, J. Ibbotson,J, J. Kilby, J. McDonald, E. Major, J. R. Martin, H. Mil«on, H.V. Mitchell, J. H. Mitchell, J. H. McDonald, J. A. McKenzie, J. A.McQuillan, J. O'Malley, G. Peters, A. Price, J. Quigley,Bugler—Michael Gaughan.Drummers.—J. King, J. Miles ; Assistants— J. Hunter, A. Taylor.Pioneer. — G. Bradford.NO. 2. COMPANY.Captain.— Jas. Mason.Lieutenant.—A. M. Irving.2nd Lieutenant. —John D. Hay.Color-Sergeants.—H. W. Johnston, and Theo. Lane.Sergeants. -Wm. Medcalfe, Wm. Jack, Geo. Nelsoa.Corporals.—Geo. C. Moody, James Wi8hart,Dr. Farragher, John Sinclair,W. H. Coxon, David Anderson.Privates.— Richard Cooke, James Richardson, Thos. A. Williams, Robt.Reynolds, John Smith, John Moss, Louis Stead, W. J. Cantwell, CharlesW. Rogers, Frank Rogers, Arthur Ward, Robt. A. Stanley, G«orgeCroucher, Phillip Beaugil, John Griffin, Fred Petty, Christ. Steirn,Thos. Blake, Benj. Pearson, Albert Bruce, Thomas Dean, William Gibson,Os«ar Freemantle, Samuel Dov*rney, Thomas Milnur, Wm. Blythe,D. Snell, John Mitchell, George ScuUey, John Billinghurst, AndrewMurdison, Robert Thorpe, Robert Newman, Wallace Dossitt, PatrickCronin, Wm. Richardson, James Baxter, Arthur Aikins, Eli Jeffries, ErnestWorsdell, Thomas Stanley, Albert Roberts, John Rfid, James Marshall,John Streeton, Ernest Newman, W. D. Whiting.Ambulance Corps.—Swan Fearn, Jog. Bell,Pioneer.- D. Shepherd.Buglers.- Thomas Cuthbert, Geo. Baker.Drummer.— Wm. Cuthbert.FiFER.—Hugh. Burke.NO. 3 company.Captain.—O. L. Spencer.Lieutenant. -W. C. Fitch.2nd Lieutenant.—John Morrow.Staff-Sergeant.—J. Hutchinson.Color Sergeant. -Wm. Dale.Sergeants. —G. Knight, W. Mowat, John Nolan, John Jtiniesion.Corporals.—Robert Moore, Robert Whiteacre, Thomas Johnston, W. O,

264 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Fowler, W. Taylor, W. Marsh, Robt, Blevins, George Dickson, Wm.Butcher.Lanck Corporal.— John Coulter,Privates.— R. G. Beeman, George Brennan, Alfred Burridge, JamesCampbell, Albert Coburn, Robert Cook, Richard CuUey, William Drake,Henry Fleteher, Alfred Hambleton, Arthur Hatch, Thomas Hicks,Thomas Hunter, Robert March, Alfred Meade, Geori?e Meade, ThomasMedcalfe, John Menary, William Mitchell, Thomas Moor, John Pollard,Walter Randall, Henry Riddle, Henry Roberta, Alfred Scovell,C. Spice, John Stayne, Robert Studham, Thomas Taylor, Adam Trotter,Richard Tyler, James Wylie, John Welby, A. Woodruffe, James Woodward.Pioneer. —Lawrence Belz.Ambulance Corp.— C. Haultain, Percy Scharsmidt.Drummers.—John McDonald, Wm. Holden.Buglers.— Frank Nixon, Walter Impey.Captain.—C. G. Harston.NO.4 COMPANY.Lieutenant.—G. P. Elliot.2nd Lieutenant.—F. J. Michie.Color-Sergeant.s.—jF. W. Curzon, N. Cusick.Sergeants.—I. Dent, T. W. Mitchell, F. Kitchener.Corporals.—F, Godfrey, F. W. Dent, E. C. Currie, T. McMullen, LStainsby, W. Jefferies.Lanck Corporal. --L. Judge.Privates.—H. Watson, A. G. Ross, H. Brisbane, R. Tipton, W. J. Urquhart,G. Phillips, G. Tansley, R. F. Simmons, W. J. Delahunty, J.Davis, A. Gordon, W. Roberts, H. E. Peagram, W, R. Hawkins, J.Hughes, J. Hughes, M. Ross, B. Burtchell, J. Bennett, F. G. McMurray,J. Urquhart, R. F. Joseph, E. C. T. Doole, F. Hughes, S. Calderwood,R. Ross, W, Egles, J. Egles, R. Dempiter, J. H. Fox, W. Donnelly, G.F. Lenoir, F. Hancy, A. S. Martin, C. C. Hammond, D. Hambly, W.Colls, S. Bennett, C. McGreevy, R. C. Campbell, D. Smith, F. J. Smythe,J. M. Mcllrean, F. Smith, S'elix Haney, J. Cain, P. Riggan.Ambulance Corp.—W. E. Mitchell,C. Holman.Pioneer.-C. Golback,BuoLBRS.~T. Johnsm, J. Hume, J. Brickenden, J. W. Marshall.RIFLE MATCHES.Apart from the regimental shooting competitions, certain "challenge cups"ar« offered each year, upon certain conditions, for competition by tl^e

APPENDIX. 265Ontario Rifle Aasociation. They are the Ladie?' Cup, the*Tait Cup, theGzowski Cup, the Brassey Cup and the Elkington CupIn addition to these there have been the Aldwell and the Merchants' Cup.In the Ladies' Cup, which is valued at one hundred and fifty dollars, thecompetition is restricted to teams of five members from each regiment orrifle association, and has to be shot for annually. It was founded in 1871and in that year was won by the 10th Royals Rifle Association, Sixteenyears elapsed before victory rested again with the Grenadiers, as it did in1887, and again six years later in 1893.TheTait Cup, which was presented by Sir Peter Tait, of London, England,in 1872, is of the value of two hundred and fifty dollars, is open to battalionteams of the Dominion and has to be competed for annually. In1872 by the 10th Royals, in 1882 by the Royal Grenadiers, and again in1888 by the same regiment.The conditions attaching to the Gzowski Cup were changed some yearsafter its first institution. The cup was presented in 1874 by Colonel SirCassimir Gzowski, A.D.C. to the Queen, to be competed for annually bytwelve members of each military district in Ontario. In 1882 the conditionswere changed and the prize was opened to the Dominion, forhighest aggregate of battalion teams of five in skirmishing and volleyfiring.For three years in succession, namely, 1886, 1887 and 1888, the RoyalGrenadiers carried off this prize. Again in 1890 and 1891 were they succedsful,and yet again in 1894.The Brassey Cup, which was presented in 1870 by the late Mr. ThomasBrassey, of Hastings, Eni,dand, is valued at one hundred and twenty-fivedollars, and has to be competed for by company teamp, and won three timesconsecutively before becoming absolute property. In 1872 it was won byNo. 2 Company of the 10th Royals, but victory did not again rest withthe regiment until 1885, when " G " ^Company of the Royal Grenadierssecured the prize, as thty did again for the second time in 1888.One of the most famous prizes offered for rifle shooting in Great Britain isthe Elkington Challenge Shield, open to volunteers from all parts of theUnited Kingdom. The Elkington Cup, competed for annually by theCanadian Militia, was presented by the same firm of eminent silversmithswho instituted the Challenge Shield. The conditions are for thehighest aggregate in the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventhmatches of the O.R.A. In 1872, Private A. Bill, of the 10th Royalsobtained this distinction, and it was again his in 1879. In 1881, SergeantMitchell, of the Boyal Grenadiers, was the prizeman. Since then it hasnot fallen to any officer, non-commitiaioned officer or private of theGrenadiers,

-266 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.The Aldwell and the Merchants' Cups were presented by Messrs. Aid well &Co., brewers, and the merchants of Toronto, respectively. They werevalued at two hundred and two hundred and fifty dollars. The first ofthese two cups was open to battalion teams of ten, and when it had beenwon for two years consecutively by the same regiment, it became the absoluteproperty of the winners. It was founded in 1869, and in that yearwas won by the Queen's Own Hifles, but in 1870 and the year followingthe 10th Royals were the winners, and consequently the competition ceasedto exist.The Merchants' Cup was oi)en to battalion teams from the Province ofOntario and had to be won three times in succession before becoming theabsolute property of any battalion. In this competition, founded in 1872,and existing till 1880, when the Thirteenth of Hamilton were the victors,neither the 10th Royals or the Grenadiers were successful.The winners in the Royal Grenadiers for shooting medals have been as follows: The National Rifle Association Silver Medal was won by StaffSergeant T. Mitchell in 1889. The Governor-General's Silver Medalfell in 1891 to Color-Sergeant Fowler, and in 1894, Lieutenant W. R.Pringle was the winner of the Governer-General's Bronze Medal. Thereare many others belonging to the regiment who have won shooting medalsor decorations from the Dominion or Ontario Rifle Associations in theRegimental contests, but these decorations which have just been referredto are national instead of local importance.In the Dominion Rifle Association Matches, very few years have elapsedwithout some member of the regiment winning a place on the Wimbledon,or as it is now called, the Bisley Team.In 1875, the Battalion Match 1st prize of $200 was won by the 10th Battalion,the 2nd individual prize of $40 being won by Captain Anderson.In 1878, the Ist Battalion Team prize of $150 and the second prize in theAffiliated Association Match was captured by a team from the regiment.In 1879, the 3rd prize in the Affiliated Association Match was won by ateam from the R. G., as in 1880, the 3rd prize in the Battalion TeamMatch was also won.In 1882, the R. G. Team stood first in volley firing, second in skirmishing.It also carried of the 1st Battalion Team prize in the Dominion of-Canada Match. In 1883, was won the Gzowski Cup, given for skirmishingand volley firing, and in 1838, 1st Battalion Prize in the Dominionof Canada Match.In 1891, the R. G. Team wou the 1st prize in the Dominion of CanadaMatch, and the 4th prize in the Lansdown Aggregate Match, and in 1894they won the 3rd prize in the Skirmishing Match, 4th prize in the BritishChallenge Shield.

APPENDIX. 267Since the inception of the Ontario Rifle Association and the Dominion RifleAssociation Matches, individual members and also the teams, representingthe 10th Royals, afterwards the Royal Grenadiers, have taken aprominent part in these matches, and have won many valuable prizes.In 1872, the Tait Cup, being the Ist Battalion Match prize, was won by the10th Royals, No. 2 Company being the successful contestants.In 1873, the second prize in the Battalion Match was captured by the 10thRoyals, and in 1875 the 4th prize in the Battalion Match, and the 3rdprize in the TtAt Cup Match was also won.In 187", the 2nd prize in the Affiliated Associations Match. In 1878, the3rd prize in the Afliliated Associations Match, and the 3rd prize in theBattalion Team Match. In 1879, 3rd prize in the Battalion Team Match,and ir 1880 the 3rd prize in the Skirmishing Match were won by thisRegiment.In 1882, the Ist prize in the Battalion Match, the Tait-Brassey Cup, waswon by the Royal Grenadiers, E Company winning the 2nd prize in thaCompany Match. In the same year they won the 4th prize in the Skirmishingand 3rd prize in the Volley Firing Matches, while in 1883, the5th prize in the Tait-Brassey Match and the 4th prize in the Skirmishingwere also won.In 1884, they held the same position in these matches, winning also the 2ndprize in the Skirmishing and 2nd in the Volley Firing Matches. In 1885,the team from this regiment stood fifth in the Walker Match, third inthe Tait-Brassey, second in the Skirmishing, and second in the VolleyFiring Matches, G Company winning the Brassey Cup. In 1886, 5th prizein the Tait-Brassey, 3rd prize in the Skirmishing, Ist prize in the VolleyFiring, and the Gzowski Cup were won by teams from this regiment. In1887, the team from this regiment captured the Ladies' Cup in the WalkerMatch, being the Ist prize. They won also the Gzowski Cup, standingfirst in the Skirmishing and third in the Volley Firing. They also stoodthird in the Tait-Brassey Match, G Company winning the 2nd CompanyPrize. In 1888, the Tait-B-.assey Cup, being the 1st Battalion Prize, wasags'a captured by a team from the R. G., G Company winning the Brasseyup. The regimen*-al team also won 2nd prize in the Skirmishing,and 1st in the Volley Firing, winning the Gzowski Cup. In 1889, theteam carried off 5th prize in the Tait-Brassey Match, 2nd in the SkirmishingMatch, and the 5th in the Volley Firing Match, and in 1890carried off the Ist prize in the team competitions in the Canada CompanyMatch, Ist prize in the Skirmishing Match, 2nd prize in the VolleyMatch, winning the Gzowski Cup for the aggregate points in those twomatches.In 1891, the regiment won the 3rd prize in the Walker Match, 2nd in theTait-Brassey, 3rd in the Skirmishing, 2nd in the Volley Firing, winning

—268 irisTORY OF the royal orenadiers.also the Gzowski Cup, and in 1892,won the Carfilake Cup at the QuebecKifle Association Matches, standing also second in the Militia BattalionMatch, 1st in the Volley Firing, 2nd in the Skirmishing and winning theHoughton Cup for the aggregate points in these two latter matches. TheR. G. team also stood second in the Association Match and carried off the1st prize in the Aggregate Team Match, winning the silver cup. In 1893,at the Province of Quebec Rifle Matches, the team carried oflf the 4thprize in the Skirmishing Match, the Active Militia Match and the CarslakeMatch.At the O.R.A. Matches the R. G's. carried off the Ladies' Challenge Cup,being the 1st prize in the Walker Match ; the 3rd prize in the SkirmishingMatch, 4th in the Volley Match, and the 3rd prize in the Tait-BrasseyMatch. In 1894, was won the 2nd prize in the Tait-Brassey Match, alsothe Gzowski Cup for Skirmishing and Volley Firing.In 1895, the regiment was represented at the Quebec Rifle AssociationMatch, carrying off the following team prizes :Active Militia Match, 2nd prize ; Carslake Match, 3rd prize ; SkirmishingMatch, 3rd prize ; Houghton Cup Match, 2nd prize.At the O.R.A. Matches the regimental team again carried off the J^adies'Challenge Cup, being the 1st prize in the Walker Match. In the GzowskiMatch they also stood second.Major John Bruce, R. G., proceeded to England in June, 189G, as Adjutantof the Dominion Rifle team sent to Bisley.THE CUMBERLAND CUP.The Cumberland Drill Competition was instituted by Capt. F. BarlowCumberlund in 1882, as a memorial of his father, the first Lieut. -Colonel,and founder of the Regiment, and has been of much advantage in creatinga healthy competition in perfecting their drill by the various companies.The competition has taken place annually each year since 1884.The prize is a handsome solid silver cup, which is held by the winningcompany for the year. The ebony base of the cup is surrounded by silvershields upon which are engraved the names of the officers of the winningcompanies.A money prize of 850 is added yearly, part by the donor and part Vy theregiment. Capt. Cumberland also gives each year a large metal shield,to be placed in the armoury of the winning company ; on it are displayedthe names of the officers and the color-sergeant, and which remains inpossession of the company as a permanent record of its success.The terms of the competion include not only excellence in performing beforecompetent judges a series of movements in company drill and manualexercise, but points are also included for average attendance at each of

APPENDIX. 269the regular drills in proportion to the enrolled strength of each company.The competition is therefore not confined only to excellence in drill, butis also a factor in cultivating regular attendanceat the weekly drills duringthe regular season, the success of the company being thus broughthome to each individual man in the ranks.The competition throughout has been keen, and the winning of the " CumberlandCup " is looked on as being a red letter j'ear in the history of eachcompany.The records in the several years have been as follows :Year.Company.18841885188(i18871888188918901891189218931894

NOTES.(officers.)Lieutenant-Colonel Frederic William Cumberland, who was chiefly instrumentalin raising the 10th Koyals, was an Englishman by birth, andcame to Canada in 1847. His first commission in the Canadian Militia wasgiven him in the 3rd Battalion (Sedentary) Militia of the 5th Military Districtof Upper Canada, in which he held a captain's commission, when hewas appointed, (-n March 14th, 1862, Major in the 10th Royals, and onMarch 28th, just a fortnight later, its Lieutenant-Colonel and first commandingofficer. During Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland's command, theregiment was increased from seven to eight companies, h;id their colourspresented to them by the ladies of Toronto, and gave the first strictly militaryball that had taken place in Toronto for a great number of years. Twocompanies of the 10th were also called out for frontier duty in the summerof 18()4, and formed a portion of the administrative battalion doing duty atLaprairie. (P. 44.) Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland retired from the 10thRoyals July 2l8t, 1865. (P. 45, 46.) He died in Toronto August 5th, 1881.The second officer who commanded the 10th Royals was Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred Brunei, who was appointed on the same date as his predecessorresigfned. The principal event connected with Lieutenant-Colonel Brunei'scommand was the regiment's being embodied for active service in April,May and June, 1866, in consequence of the anticipated and actual FenianRaids. (P. 53-57.) Lieutenant-Colonel Brunei retired from the command,retaining rank, February 24th, 1870. He afterwards removed to Ottawa,where he died.Succeeding Lieutenant-Colonel Brunei came Lieutenant-Colonel JohnBoxall, whose command extended from February 24th, 1870, until November2l8t, 1873.On the latter date Lieutenant-Colonel Boxall retired fromthe service. (P. 73.)The next Lieutenant Colonel was William StoUery, whose commission inthat rank was dated November 5th, 1875, the 10th having been for two yearswithout a Lieutenant-Colonel, though Major and Brevet-Lieutenant-Colon*>lStoUery had been fulfilling the duties. The only event of any note connectedwith Lieutenant-Colonel StoUery's regime was the adoption of the Regimentalbadge since worn by the corps. (P. 82.) He retired from the serviceretaining his rank, December 5th, 1879.The fifth Lieutenant-Colonel, appointed to the command of the 10th RoyalsApril 9th, 1880, was George Alexander Shaw, (P. 85.) He only retained

APPENDIX. 271command for six months, being retired on November 5th, 1880, "retaininghis rank as a special case." (P. 88.) Following Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw'sresignation catne the reorganization of the battalion, with an all but completechange of officere'.Henry James Grasett, formerly Lieutenant in H. M. 100th Regiment, wasthe first Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the reorganized battalion beinggazetted to that rank on November 5th, 1880. The principal events ofLieut. -Colon el Grasett's command were :—The Regiment's title was changedAugust oth, 1881, from that of 10th Royals, to 10th Royal Grenadiers,the strength was in* reased from a six (as it had been since i-eorganization)to an eight company battalion, the North-West Expedition (p. ll;M97Kand the train of events consequent thereupon. Lieutenant-Colonel Grasettretired from the Regiment, retaining his rank, June Ist, 1888. (P. 217.)Lieutenant Colonel Dawson followed Lieutenant-Colonel Grasett in commandof the Grenadiers, his appointment being gazetted on the same dateas was the former's resignation. He continued in command until December1st, 1893, and during his term had the satisfaction of seeing the Regimentreviewed by the Duke of Connaught. The battalion was also increased duringhis command from eight to ten companies. (P. 238.)Lieutenant-Colonel Jkmes Mason's connection with the Canadian Militia"ates from 1863 when he joined the Q.O.R., serving therein until 186G.also held a commission as Lieutenant in the 5th Battalion York Militia.He was gazetted to the Grenadiers as captain in September, 1882, when thebattalion was augmented from six to eight companies. There are onlythree otficers in the Grenadiers who have been connected with the Regimentlonger than he has, namely, Major Bruce (Lieut., January 13th, 1881), CaptainCaston (Captain, January 28th, 1881), the only officer in the Grenadierswho also served in the 10th Royals, and Captain Trotter (2nd Lieut., November11, 1881). Major Bruce has filled the post of Paymaster, and stil^discharges the duties of that office, in addition to his other duties. CaptainMcLean was Regimental Adjutant from December, 1890, until April, 1894.Lieutenant Willis held a commission in the 36th Battalion and was gazettedto the Grenadiers from that regiment.served in the 12th York Rangers.(n.c.o's and men.)HeLieut, and Captain Brooke formerlyIn the ranks of the Grenadiers are several men who have been servingtheir country either in the regular army or in the Grenadiers for an exceptionallylong period. Among these are the Bandmaster, Mr. J. Waldron,who joined H. M. 88th Regiment (Connaught Rangers) so far back as1856. Mr. Waldron served with the 88th in Irxdia and elsewhere for manyyears, and was subsequently transferred to the 8th Kings Regiment as Bandmaster.On March 9th, 1888, Mr. Waldron joined the Grenadiers in the

)272 HISTOUY OF THE ROYAL (JUEN'ADIEUS.•same capacity, it is only doing him simple justice to say that he has whilefilling that post discharged his duties in such a manner as toreflect creditalike upon the battalion and upon himself.Sergeant-Major Cox is almost as old a soldier as the bandmaster, hejoined the 16th Foot (Bedfordshire Regiment) in October, 1857, was promotedcorporal, January 1st, 18G2, and attained the rank of Sergeant-MajorJanuary, 14th, 1874, (Warrant Officer, July 1st. 1881). Medal for "longservice and good conduct."After leaving the 16th Regiment on a retiringpension he served with the Royal Jersey INIililia from March, 1881, untilSeptember 1st, 1888. Joined the Royal Grenadiers, September 12th, 1888.Quarter Master Sergeant H. W. Johnston has served in the 10th Royalsand in the Grenadiers for more than twenty years. He went through theNorthwent campaign of 1885, and was within a few feet of LieutenantFitch when the latter fell mortally wounded.Colour-Sergeant John Nolan joined the 100th P. W. R. C. Regiment as aboy in 1862. He served therein for many j-ears subsequently entering theRoyal Grenadiers in 1883, and serving in the Northwest campaign.Lance-Sergeant H. G. Norris formerly served in the 6th Carabineersuntil his discharge on pension in 1880, after seventeen years service. Hejoined the Royal Grenadiers in 1894. He saw a.uch service in his old corpsand possesses medals for Afghanistan, for the Soudan, where he served inthe corps of Canadian Voyageurs and also for long service.Private H. Libby was formerly in the 6th Royal WarwickBhire Regiment.Discharged on pension after twenty-six years service, in July, 1888. Hadthe rank of Colour Sergeant. Possiesses medals for Hazara campaign, 1868,and for Afghanistan 78, 79, 80, and for " long service and good conduct."Sergeant-Drummer Farmer served in the Grenadier Guards and in otherregiments and has seen much service in various parts of the world.PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS.(Received after going to press.Head Quarters,10th Battalion Royal Grknadiebs.Ottawa, 27th July, 189aLieutenant James Grayson Smith is permitted to resign his commission22nd June, 1896.Surgeon -Captain Edmund Eleazer King is granted the honorary rank ofSurgeon-Major, under the provisions of paragraph 94, Regulations andOrders of the Militia, 1887.To be Lieutenant : Albert Edward Gooderham, gentleman ; vice Smithretired 22nd June, 1896.

APPENDIX. 273Head Quauteus,Ottawa, Aug. 29th, 1890.10 TH BaTALLION, llOYAL GllENADIEBS.To be Honorary ('haplaio as a special case, Rev. Arthur Henry Baldwin.Lieut. James William Bain is permitted to resign his commission, Aug.26th, 18%.To be Captains ; Lieut. Albert Edward Gooderham, vice Sweatman,transferred ; and Lieut. Harvey A. Willis, vice MacLean, transferred Aug.26th, 1&9(;.To be Second Lieutenant : George Osborn Hayne, to complete establishment,Au{,'ust 20th, 1890.To be Adjutant : Capt. James Druinmond Mackay, vice Irving, dectased,Aug. 26th, 1896.R

TABLE or CONTKNTS.CHAPTER I.The tiiHt Militia Act. The Act of 1822. The Training Days. InterestingDetails. pp. 7-11.CHAl'TER II.The Canadian Militia in 18.'i7. The Royal Canadian RiHes. " ADull Time." The Crimean War. The Militia Act of 1855. pp. 12-18.CHAPTER III.The 100th Regiment. The Trent Affair of 1861. The Military Enthusiasmof the Period. The 10th ( iazetted. - - pp. 19-34.CHAPTER IV.Presentation of Colours to the Regiment by Mrs. Cumberland.Lieutenant-Colonel Cumberland Retires. The Fenian Raid. pp. 35-85.CHAPTER V.The Reorganization of the Regiment under Lt.-Col. Crasett. FiveEventful Years. pp. 86-120.CHAPTER VI.On the Way to the Northwest. Incidents of the Journey. TheBattles at Fish Creek and Batoche. The Killed and Wounded. TheReturn to Toronto. Conclusion. ....pp. 121—256APPENDIX.Roll of otlicers. Roll of the Regiment. Names of the officers andmen who formed the North -West expedition. Rifle Matches. CumberlandCup. Notes. Index, etc. - - - pp. 255 to end.

A.Allan, G. W., 90, 1(7, 219.AdamHon, W. , (52, ()(>, 09.AnderHon, A., (iO, C8, 09, 7«, 80, Ki.Anderson, J. Weir, 99, 102.Allen, Lleut.-Col., 219.Appelbe, R. S., 97, 102, 103.AndreWB, W. G., 7(>.Albiston, John, 23, 25, 30.Allison, John B , 60, 09.Arthur, Prince, 65.B.Bailey, Jno., 09, 70. 75, 83.Bradley, A., 70, 72.Baker, D., 134,Blake, Ed., 122.Blake, Ed., Mrs., 122.Brant, E. E., 60.Ball, Grenadiers', 208.Bain, J. W., 230, 233.Batoche Killed and Wounded, 160,161.Ball, P. B., 99, 104, 199.Barrett, W., 51, 59, 02, 66.Bell, A., 76.Bethune, G. E. C, 89, 108.Bescoby, H. F., 25, 29, 30, 33, 44.Benson, James, 41.Bell, W. A., 77, 84.Bigelow, N. G., 66, 70, 88, 91.Boyd, Alex., 228, 230, 242.Boulton, Claude A., 1:^6, 197, 225,229 232Boswell', F. E., 59, 64.Boomer, Geo. A., 61, 62, 64, 90.Brown, Geo., 73, 102, 103, 104.Brooke, G. H. C, 242.Brown, Gilbert, 70.Brooke, G.. Captain, 18.Brown, H. F., 44, 51, 60, 64.Brophy, H., 250.Brock, Isaac, General, 10.Boxall, John, 23, 25, 30, 32, 33, 52,54, 67, 73.Boulton, Lieut. -Coi., 248.INDEX.Boxall, Mrs., ,33.BoHwell, Major, 100.Boulton's ScoutK, r2r>-l97.Brunei, A. J., 22, 23, 24, 25, 47, 49,.54, 55, 59, 01, 07.Brunei, A. J., Mrs., .3.3.Buchanan, Dr., 23.Hurch, E. E., 200, 215.Brunei, (Jeo. , 08.Bruce, J., 90. 99, 102, 214, 2.35, 239.Buchan, L., 100, 248.liuchanan, Mrs., 33.Brunei, Troilus, 3.3, 53.Buchanan, W., 132.Bryant, Ebenezer, 63, 07.C.Chapman, A., 72, 77, 79, 80.Cameron, A. B., 201, 214, 228.Camp Desolation, 124.^Campbell, Duncan F., 251.Clarke, E. F., 219.Cardwell, E., 54.Gaston, F. A., 72, 74, 81, 88, 96, 102,155Carroll, Geo., 22, 25, 30.Capreol, James L., 61, 66.Craig, J. T., 240, 242.Carlisle, Mr., 57.Carleton Place, 121.Cantwell, Private, 140.Chadwick, W. C. Vaux, 229, 241.Cauavan, W. B., 70, 71, 72, 79.Cleghom, John, 79, 80, 81, 88,89, 90.Chisholm, Colonel, 13.Crint, W., 76.Coleman, Arthur, 50, 59, 72, 73, 83.Croil, A. W., 232, 233.Coleman, Ben, 66.Connon, C. H., 44. 51, 52 62.Colville, Captain, 222.Connaught, Duke of, 226.Coatsworth. E., 23, 24, 30, 33.Cox, James, 223.Corley, J. W. S., 2.30, 232.Crozier, Major, 111.

276 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Cooper, W. H.,70, 72.Cooper, W. N.. 78,81,88, 91.(Vlwell, W. W.,2H.Curzon, Color-Sergt. , 1.58, 228, 22G.Curtiss, E. G., ()3. 04, (J5.Cumberland, F. B., 59, 61, 02, 09,107 219.Cumberland', F. W., 18, 22, 23, 25,30. 30, 37, 45, 50.Cumberland, Mrs., 33, 37, 38.D.Dawson, G. D., 56, 89, 151, 214,234,230, 237, 238, 240, 250.Darling, F., 90.Davidson, J. I. Mrs., 219.Davidson, J. I., 104, 107, 201, 237.De Grassi, A., 22, 24, 29, 30, 44, 45.De Rottenburg, Col, 17, 19.De La Hooke, E. D. A., 72, 70, 79,88DeniRon, G. T., Lieut. -Col. G.G.-B.G.,236.Denison, G. T. Lieut. -Col., 12, 17,37.Delamere, J. T., 219.Drew, Maxwell, 137-197.Denison, K. B., 57, 11 2.Dennis, R., 23. 25, 31, 32.Dent, Sergeant, 241.Dixon, Homer D. F., 221.Dickey, J. J., 23, 25, 30, .32, 51.Dumont, Gabriel, 110, 130, 197.Drummond, Gordon, Sir., 10.Durie, Lieut-Col., 34, 30.Ducklake Massacre, 110, 111, 112.Dudley, W. H., 63, 64, 70.E.Edwards, John, 34.Erie, Fort, 55. .Eliot, G. P., 105, 130, 155, 198, 206.239 249.EUis.'il. b!,'201.F.Francis, F., 108.Fleming, Andrew, 03, 04, 80.Fleming, Captain, 237.French, Cai)tain, 143.I'eehan, D. K., IS.Fleming, D., 23, 25.Fitz-Gerald, F. VV. G., 214, 224.Flttcher, Mrs., 219.Fleming, Sandford, 22, 24, 29, 30. 44.Fitz-Gerald, W. D., 214.Fitz Gibbon, Jas., Col., 13.Fitch, W. C, 108, 155, 198.Fitch, \V. C, (Death of), 143.Fort Carleton, 111.Foster, W. F., 58.Furnival, G., 77, 81, 88, 91.Flynn, T., 78, 79, 88.G.Grasett. Henry James, 20, 88, 105,112, 197, 206, 214, 217. 230, 240.250.Graham, ^ W-; 70, 79.Grasett, Mrs., 219.^(iascoigne, Major-Gen,, 248.Grenadiers arrive in Winnipeg, 120.Grenadier'^? Ball, 208.Greer, E. F., 70.Gritz, J., 23.German, W. M., 81.(ieorge ill.Gibson, A C, 108, 130,155, 200, 225,242.Gibson,' J. M.,lfl9, 237.Griffith, F. D., 70, 83.Gilmore, Major, 57.Gooderham, A. E., 199, 201, 200.Gzowski, Casimir, Sir., 23(5,Gosling, F. J., 99, 105, 198, 202, 227.Gordon, G. B., 70, 77.Gooderham, Geo., Mrs., 219.Godson, W. F., 200.(Sundry, 22, 24, 29.H.Harrison, A. B., 90, 102, 104, 233.Hague, Capt., 130. 13.3, 197.Harston, C. G., 105, 155, 199, 224,240.Hamilton, Geo., R., 23, 25, 29, 33,54, 62, 237.Harwood, Henry, 32.Hay, J. D., 107, 155, 199, 224, 233.Harrison, J. W. K., Mrs., 211.Head, Edmund, Walker, Sir., 16, 19.Head, Francis, Bond, Sir., 12, 13.Henty, G. A., 152.Hetherington, J. W., 51, 52, 53, 54,59, 00, 07, 73.Herbert, Maior-Gen., 237, 238.

INDEX. 277FTewarfl, R. A., 221, 221, 230, 242,Helm. Seru;t. -Major, .S7.Hirschfel.ler, A. E., 72. 73, 74.Hill, H. J., 71, 72, 79, 82,83.Hirachfelder. K. ii., m, 73.Howard, Captain, IT. S. A., 138.Howard, D. Mac!)., 9'J, 155, 20G,225.Howard, McLean, Mrs., 219.Irvinp, A. M.. 100. 105, 155, 206, 225'23.3, 239, 249, 2.50.Irvine, Colonel, 110.J.Jarvif, Major. 131.Jarvis, Sheriff, 1.3.Jones, J. T., 71, 73.Joseph, R. F., 08, 74.K.Kennedy, Mrs., 219.Kinf?, G. G.,201.Kii)pen, Lieut., 152.Kingsmill, N.. 9S, 214.Killnly, K. Ia, 59, 01.Killed and Wounded atBatoche, KU),101.L.Latham, Capt., 31.Lawrence, J. W., 33, 51, 52, .54, 59,70.Laurie, Lieut., R. R. C. I., 237.Ijansdowne, Marquis, 105.Lawrence, Samuel, 70, 70.Lambe, W. G. A., 201, 224.Leith, A. A., 76.Lessard, Captain, 237.Leigh, L. E., 100, 200.Lehmann, W., 228, 229, 240.Lowry, Colonel, 90.Lovekin, L. A., 76, 82.Lowe, S., 198, 201, 227.Luard, Major-Gen., 102, 106.M.MacNab, Alan N. Sir, 13.Manning, A., ^'2.Martin, A. F. R., 240, 242, 247.Marani, C. J., 230. 232, 23.5.MacMahnn, DArcy, 221, 228.Mason, J. O.,240, 247,,Macdonald, H. J., 130.Marshall, J.. 62,60.Mackay. J. I).. 214, 215, 229.Maclennan, J. D.,21,5, 225.Manon, Jan. Mrs., 219.Mason, Jas., 9H, 102, 106, 133, 196,215, 232, 234, 236, 2K-, 246, 250.Manley, F. F., 89, 98, 15.). 218, 225.236.Martin, Private, 155." Powell, 66 07, 71, 74.•'R. T., 70.•'R. S., 70. 73.Mason, and Slidell, 18.Mackenzie, W. Lvon, 12.Macfarlane, W. T., 91, 98.Meyers, D. C, 240, 242.Mekd, J. H., 75, 76.Metcalfe, John, 70, 84.Mels,nind, Lord, 128.Medals, Presentati

278 HISTORY OF THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.Nickinson, J. Captain, 18.Noverre, F. H., 59, 62, 69, 73, 77.Northwest Medals, 202, 203.Wounded, 197, 198.O.0'Hara,Lt.-Col.,17.O'Dea, Dr., 23.O'Reillv, H. R., 240, 242.Otter, W. D., 115, 122, 241.Orton, Dr., 135.Robertfl, Henry, 23, 2.5, 29, 31, 33.Rolph, J. W., 33. 63.Robinson, J. R., 250.Robertson, L. H., 51, 90, 104.Robinson, Mrs. J. B., 207.Robinson, J. B. Sir, 17.Rogers, W. D., 60, 61,67.Ruttan, Captain, 131.Ruttan, Henry Lieut. -Col., 17.Ryerson, G. S., 90, 98, 103, 149, 156,157, 158, 201,Ryerson, Mrs., 219.Passmore, F. F., 23, 25, 29, 32.Patterson, John, 59, 62, 67, 69, 88.Patevson, J. H., 92, 103.Piatt, Samuel, 72, 76.Peters, Captain, 131.Peacocke, Colonel, 93.Peel, E., 23, 25.Percival, L.V.,90;98, 104.Peile, 29.Price, Chas., 66, 69.*•Jas., 23.Prince, John Colonel, 17.Phipps, W. A., 69, 70, 78, 88.Pringle, W. R., 229, 232, 235, 239,242.Pyne, R. A., 85, 87,88.Q.Queen's Jubilee, 213.R.Ramsey, David, 23.Ramsay, Jas., 72.Ramsey, J., 70.Ramsey, W. J., 62, 66, 75.Reid, Chas., 74, 79, 88, 90, 99.Richardson, Fred., 52, 59, 62.Richey, J. H., 33, 62, 53.Richardson, J. H. Dr., 51, 84.Ridout, J. Gibbs, 19, 44, 46, 47, 48,50.Ridout, Mrs., 33.Riel, Louis, 110.Robertson, Alex. J., 53, 62, 67.Robertson, Colonel, 37, 41, 45.Rottenburg De, Col., 17, 19.Royal Grenadiers (Created) 96, 97.Ross, G. W., 219.S.Shaw, Aeneas, 85.S. A. C, 164-167.Shanly, Coote Nesbitt, 242.Shaw, Geo. A., 42, 53, 59, 60, 61, 72,75, 84, 236.Saskatoon Hospital, 133.Sandham, Maj.-Gen., 236.Stanley of Preston, Lord, 221.Sweatman, A., 228, 229, 240.Sergeants' Diary, 168 193.Stewart, Ed., 42.Street, E. R.,250.Sears, J. W.. 117.Sherwood, LeviusP., 34, 42,51.Steamer Northcote, 133.Spencer, O. L. L., 97, 100, 104, 125,155Stead, Private, 104.Sherwood, Samuel, 34.Sergeants' Story, 144-197.Steward, W., 23. 24, 29, 30, 31, 52.Smith, A. M., 18.Stiles, Cyrus, 233, 235.Smith, C. H., 81, 82.Smith, E. A., 82. 88, 91, 97.Simcoe, Gen., 7.Smith, G. B., 23.Smith, Goldwin Mrs., 219.Stimson, Geo. A, 227, 229, 242,Smith, J. GreyBon, 233, 235.Skinner, Rufus, 59, 69.Scott, Allan, S., 72, 74, 76.Schooner, A/. L. JBreck, 163.Sloane, S. F., 240, 242.StoUery, W. A., 23, 26, 29, 30, 32, 50.54, 64, 73, 75, 82.Storm, W, G., 22.Stuart, John, 22.Seymour, C. H., 100, 105. 199.Spry, Daniel, 66, 68.

INDEX. 279T.Weatherstone, N., 90, 97.Tassie, W. T., 221,Wells,239.R. M.,89.98.Thomson, E. W., Lieut. -Col., 12, 17. ^®^o?"io^- ^®"^y' 6^' 70, 74, 82,Thompson, J. T., 84, 88.69, 72, 78. 88, 230,Winstanley, C. J. H., 51, 52, 62,Thompson, Thos., Wise, 62, 79Captain, 130.Trotter, R. G., Willis, 98, 100, 198.Harvey, 235.Wiley, Jas., 62, 66.Williams, Lieut.U.-Col., 140, 197.Whitcombe, Rev. C. E,, 205.Unitt, F. W., 72. 73, 76,Wilkie, 79, 84, 88.Stuart, A., 243, 250."^orthington, Jas., 22, 29, 30, 50, 52,Worthington, Jas., Mrs., 33.Vankoughnet, Phil., 61, 62, 67.Vanstraubenzie, "o^o^*"*"' •^''^"' 22, 23, 24, 25,Lieut.-Col. 136.Wounded and Killed at Batoche,W.160,Waldron,Worthington,John, Mrs., 219.252.Webb, Worthington, Harry, Mrs., 238. 33.Worthington, Norris, 194.

:ERRATA.'ajje 49— For Fenim Rail read Fenian Raid.Glneral Orders read GcHeral Orders.James L. Capreole read Jaoics L. Capreol,^\\\\nho\t read Humboldt.Middieton read Middleton.Poetical account C. read S.A C.Sakatoon read Saskatoon.Rev. Mr. WhitcomL) read Rev. 0. E. Whitoombe.Lt. Percy Eliot read Lt. G. Percival Eliot.Mrs. Beverlej' Robinson read Mrs. John Beverley Robinson.Lt.-Col. Fred. Denison read LL.-Cul, Fred. 0. Deiiison.Harvey Archelaus Willie, Feby. 4th, 1892, readVahy. 4th, 18J3.on page 232Head Ql artkiis,Ottawa, -iSth January, 1892.Gk^bral Ordkrs.10th Battalion, IlovAii Giiknadikhs.Lieutenant John Donald Mailuniiau is transferred to the 6th Fusiliera with the rankof Captain.Brevet : To be Major : Captain Frederick Fitzpayne Manley, V.B., from 28th Goto.bur, 1891.