3 ibu event and competition rules - International Biathlon Union

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3IBU EVENT AND COMPETITION RULESvisible, 20 cm high, 1 m long and made of heavy material that will not beblown over by the wind.3.3.8 ForerunnersImmediately before the start of the competition the entire course mustbe skied by the course crew before the first competitor starts. While onthe course, they will clear it and correct the markings, if required. TheRD, TD and IR will decide whether to use forerunners or not.3.3.9 Course Specifications for CompetitionsTable 1 under 1.3.10 details the required technical specifications forcourses for each type of competition.3.3.10 Relay Hand-Over ZoneIn Relay competitions there must be a well-marked hand-over zone,30 m long and 9 m wide, at the end of a straight trail section placed insuch a way that incoming competitors will arrive at a controlled speed.The last 50 m of the trail before the zone must be at least 9 m wide. Thehand-over zone must begin at the timing line or at least close to it. Thebeginning and end of the zone must be marked with a red line and witha sign at the beginning: “Hand-over zone.” The zone must be fencedalong both sides, with one access gate for controlled entry by startingcompetitors.3.3.10.1 The last 50 m of the course before the hand-over zone must be straight.The hand-over zone may only be entered by the incoming and outgoingcompetitors and by the officials responsible for supervising the handoverzone. At 100 m before the hand-over zone there must be a signboard indicating “100 m.”3.3.11 The Penalty LoopFor the Sprint, Pursuit, Mass Start and Relay competitions, a penaltyloop must be set up immediately after the shooting range – no furtherthan 60 m skiing distance from the right edge of the range to theentrance of the penalty loop. The loop should be an oval trail which is 6m wide and 150 m (+/- 5 m) long, measured along the inside perimeter ofthe loop. The opening must be at least 15 m long. The penalty loop mustbe marked off with V-boards, set up so close together that competitorshave no chance of mistaking the entrance/exit.3-36 IBU RULES
IBU EVENT AND COMPETITION RULES 33.3.11.1 The penalty loop must be located in a level area in such a way thatcompetitors do not have to ski any additional distance between thecourse and the penalty loop when they have to enter the penalty loop.3.3.12 Ski Test AreaAt all IBU events, a ski glide test area must be set up on slightly slopingterrain in or near the stadium area, min 6 m wide including sufficientspace to accommodate the traffic flow ascending the slope. The glidetest downhill slope should have a gradient of 8 to 12° and be a minimumof 30 m long. The test area must be prepared and groomed in the sameway as the competition trails. In the ski test area there must be aninformation board on which the temperature of the air and the snowat the highest and lowest points of the course profile must be shownand updated three hours prior to the first start and thereafter every 30minutes until the last competitor has started.3.3.13 Warm-up CourseFor all IBU events there must be a separate course, in close proximity(max. 300 m) to the start area and with easy access from the team huts,on which competitors can warm up. The course should be approximately600 m long and must be prepared the same as the competition course,but must not be a part of the competition course. This warm-up courseshould also be in place for all other events.3.4 SHOOTING RANGE3.4.1 GeneralThe shooting range is where all shooting takes place during a biathloncompetition. It must be located in the central area of the stadiumand both the targets and the shooting ramp must be visible to themajority of spectators. The range must be flat and level and must besurrounded by adequate safety berms on the sides and behind thetargets in accordance with the applicable national safety rules. Theshooting range must be set up and placed with strict regard for safetyin relation to the trails, stadium and the surrounding area. The shootingdirection should generally be northward, with consideration for the lightconditions during competitions. Safety baffles that obstruct visibility ofthe competition to spectators or TV should be avoided if at all possible.The shooting range must conform to all local laws.IBU RULES 3-37
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3 ibu event and competition rules - International Biathlon Union

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