3 ibu event and competition rules - International Biathlon Union

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3IBU EVENT AND COMPETITION RULESside of the start. In addition, there must be a clock in or near the startarea that is easily visible to competitors in the area and that displays thecorrect time of day.3.2.8 Equipment/Materials Inspection Prior to StartThe equipment/materials inspection prior to the start must be locatedin close proximity to the start area. Its placement and design mustfacilitate the smooth, orderly and timely flow of competitors throughto the start. The inspection station must have tables and the requiredequipment and materials to perform the checks.3.3 COURSE AND ASSOCIATED SECTIONS3.3.1 GeneralThe course is the network of ski trails to be used for the competition.It consists of continuously changing flats, climbs and downhill sections.Extremely long and difficult climbs, dangerous descents and monotonousflats are not permitted. Changes in direction of the course must notoccur so frequently that a competitor’s ski rhythm is seriously disturbed.Detailed course specifications are given under 1.3.10 in Table 1.3.3.1.1 TV ZonesZones for TV coverage of the competitions will be established on thecourse by the RD responsible for the event. The primary purpose of thezones is to ensure the best possible media coverage of the competitionand in particular to prevent non-competing persons from obstructingthe TV broadcast.3.3.2 Altitude, Width, Gradient and LengthThe maximum altitude of any part of the course may not be higher than1,800 m above sea level, unless an exception is specifically authorized bythe IBU EB in necessary circumstances. For all IBU events, the coursemust have a minimum width of 6 m of groomed snow surface for thecompetitors plus additional space for coaches and TV. In steep sectionsof the course, the trail must be even wider. If narrower sections such asbridges or mountain passes are unavoidable, the narrow parts may notbe less than 4 m wide and not longer than 50 m. The actual length of thecourse may not be more than 2% shorter or 5% longer than the lengthspecified for the competition, as measured in the center of the course.The maximum grade at all competitions must not exceed 25 percent.3-34 IBU RULES
IBU EVENT AND COMPETITION RULES 33.3.3 Setting of TracksIf required, tracks will also be laid in downhill sections as directed by theRD. Tracks must not be set in such a way or in places where they mayendanger or hinder competitors. The width and depth of tracks must beset so that all regular types of boots and bindings can be used withoutside friction. For training days, tracks for classic skiing must be providedat the edge of the competition course.3.3.4 SafetyThe course must be prepared so that a competitor may ski it at fullspeed without undue risk of an accident.3.3.5 GroomingThe course must be as level as possible, solidly packed and smoothlygroomed. Downhill turns must be banked as necessary. All types ofhindrances and obstacles must be cleared from the course, such asstumps, branches, stones and soil. Overhanging or protruding branchesmust be trimmed so that they do not obstruct or endanger competitors.3.3.6 MarkingThe course must be so clearly marked and defined so that competitorsare at no time in doubt as to how to follow the course. This appliesespecially to descents, trail junctions and other critical points. Clearmarkings must be placed at such points. Closed sections of the courseor junctions must be completely closed with continuous V-boardsor fences. At 100 m from the finish line there must be a sign boardindicating “Finish – 100 m.” At 100 m from the shooting range theremust be a sign board indicating “Range – 100 m.”3.3.6.1 Course Sequence ColorsThe course must be uniformly marked on the most visible side in theskiing direction by colored sign boards. The 1.5 km course must bemarked orange; the 2 km course must be marked red, the 2.5 km coursegreen, the 3 km course yellow, the 3.3 km course blue and the 4 kmcourse brown. Junctions must be clearly marked with course colors.3.3.7 Fencing and V-boardsAll trails that will not be used in the competition must be closed. Trailsclose to each other must be separated by fences or V-boards so thatcompetitors cannot go on the wrong trail. V-boards should be clearlyIBU RULES 3-35
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