ARI Volume 2 Number 1.pdf - Zoo-unn.org

Effect of Gammalin 20 and Actellic 25 EC on lactate dehydrogenase activity of fish 233Table 1: Changes in the concentrations of liver lactate dehydrogenase of C. albopunctatusexposed to varying concentrations of Actellic 25 EC and Gammalin 20PesticideConcentration (µg/l)Duration of Exposure (days)6 12 18Enzyme concentration (U/mg)Control 0 49.21 ± 2.0 98.42 ± 1.6 98.42 ± 1.6Actellic 25 EC 0.3 98.42 ± 1.06 196.84 ± 2.0 319.87 ± 1.12Actellic 25 EC 1.0 246.05 ± 1.08 275.58 ± 1.1 442.89 ± 1.22Gammalin 20 0.3 147.63 ± 1.15 275.58 ± 1.3 393.68 ± 2.04Gammalin 20 1.0 246.06 ± 1.10 344.47 ± 1.7 738.15 ± 1.44Actellic 25 EC andGammalin 20 0.3/0.3 98.42 ± 1.6 113.18 ± 1.1 442.89 ± 1.06Values= (mean ± sd) of LDH activity in each group for 3 determinationsTable 2: Changes in the concentrations of the serum lactate dehydrogenase of C.albopunctatus exposed to varying concentrations of Actellic 25 EC and Gammalin 20PesticideConcentration (µg/l)Duration of Exposure (days)6 12 18Enzyme Concentration (U/l)Control 0.0 26.61 ± 2.4 24.6 ± 1.8 24.61 ± 2.8Actellic 25 EC 0.3 49.21 ± 1.36 96.42 ± 2.6 124.61 ± 1.8Actellic 25 EC 1.0 123.03 ± 2.12 196.84 ± 1.5 246.05 ± 3.04Gammalin 20 0.3 113.18 ± 1.76 147.63 ± 1.2 196.84 ± 2.8Gammalin 20 1.0 147.63 ± 1.8 240.05 ± 2.0 270.66 ± 1.06Actellic 25 EC andGammalin 20 0.3/0.3 260.81 ± 2.03 344.47 ± 1.8 590.52 ± 1.2Values= (mean ± sd) LDH activity in each group for 3 determinations(1985) reported that cadmium inhibited LDHactivity in the heart, liver and gills but not in theserum of the fish Mugil cephalus. Reduced LDHactivity was also observed in the hepatopancreasof the crab Uca pugilator (Devi et al., 1993). Theresult of this study is consistent with the reports ofthe effect of agrochemicals on LDH activity inmammals.Parathion was found to elicit increasedLDH activity in rats (GalloandLawryk, 1991).Similarly, Junge et al. (2001) reported a 2-foldincrease in liver myelopreoxidase activity in the ratexposed to lindane.Lactate dehydrogenase is known tocatalyse the biochemical process of convertingpyruvate to lactate with the attendant oxidation ofNADPH. Thus, the increased LDH activity in boththe liver and serum are indications of a shift in thecarbohydrate metabolism from the glucose andglycogen catabolism to lactate synthesis. This shiftin carbohydrate metabolism reflects the possibledependence of C. albopunctatus on anaerobicpathway during exposure to sublethal Actellic 25EC and Gammalin 20. This goes to confirm thereport of Omoregie et al. (1990) that theseinsecticides induce increased plasma lactateconcentration in Oreochromis niloticus. Thissituation would predispose the fish to lacticacidosis, which may impact adversely on thehealth of the fish.In conclusion, Actellic25 EC and Gammalin 20were found to elicit increased lactatedehydrogenase activity in the fish C. albopunctatuswith its attendant physiological stress.REFERENCESCASILLAS, E. and AMES, W. (1986). Hepatoxiceffects of carbon tetrachloride on theEnglish sole (Parophrys vitulus): possibleindicator of liver dysfunction. ComparativeBiochemistry Physiology, 84 c: 397 – 400.CHRISTENSEN, G., MUNT, E. and FIANDT, J.(1977). The effect of methyl mercuricchloride, cadmium chloride and leadnitrate on six biochemical factors of brooktrout (Salvelinus fontinalis).Toxicology andPharmacology, 42: 523 – 530.DA SILVA, H. C., MEDINA, H. S. G., FAQNTA, E.and BACILA, M. C. (1993). Sublethaleffects of the organophosphate Folidol600 (Methyl Parathion) on Callichthyscallichthys (Pisces: Teleostei).Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, 105c: 197 – 201.DEVI, M., REDDY, P. S. and FINGERMAN, M.(1993). Effect of exposure on lactatedehydrogenase activity in thehepatopancreas and abdominal muscles ofthe Fiddler crab Uca pugilator.