report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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489. Navtech Seminars, Innovative Solution International and Advanced ManagementTechnology Incorporated provide technical courses and advanced GPS training in support <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>FAA's SATNAV Program Office.B. GNSS training opportunities <strong>of</strong>fered by <strong>the</strong> United Nations, United Nations agenciesand o<strong>the</strong>r intergovernmental organizations490. ICAO is conducting activities to face new challenges concerning human resourcesinvolved in <strong>the</strong> introduction <strong>of</strong> advanced satellite-based CNS/ATM. ICAO addresses humanresource planning and training issues through its TRAINAIR programme. The programmeprovides a mechanism for co-operation among training centres for <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> manynew training courses that are required to support <strong>the</strong> introduction <strong>of</strong> CNS/ATM. ICAO willcontinue to organize seminars and workshops on <strong>the</strong> implementation <strong>of</strong> GNSS-based aeronauticalsystems and procedures.491. The European Commission (EC) carries out a series <strong>of</strong> information activities in order toraise awareness <strong>of</strong> satellite navigation and involve European and non-European parties in <strong>the</strong>conception <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GALILEO programme. Preparations were underway to move from ad hoctraining activities towards more regular structures. Fur<strong>the</strong>r co-operation was foreseen with <strong>the</strong>European Space Agency in this context.492. The involvement <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> non-European Union (EU) countries in Europe, NorthAmerica, Africa, Asia, Middle East and Latin America in <strong>the</strong> GALILEO project is an example <strong>of</strong>“learning by doing” that combines scientific and industrial co-operation.C. GNSS training opportunities <strong>of</strong>fered by non-governmental entities493. There are some suppliers <strong>of</strong> GPS equipment in South Africa, <strong>the</strong> major being Optron,supplying navigation and positioning systems for use in coastal and deep sea navigation, landnavigation, land surveying, precision agriculture and forestry applications and precisionexcavation. In addition, applications in nature conservation include tracking <strong>of</strong> animal speciesbeing studied and location <strong>of</strong> examples <strong>of</strong> rare plant species. Since 1996, <strong>the</strong> Electricity SupplyCommission and Telcom have also been using global positioning technology to assist inelectrification and telephonic infrastructure development <strong>of</strong> rural areas in order to establish exactlocation <strong>of</strong> very remote users and equipment. All <strong>of</strong> this has given rise to a market for GPSequipment, which has gone hand in hand with training on that equipment provided ad hoc topurchasers and users. Optron supplies equipment and training to clients in most <strong>of</strong> sub-SaharanAfrica and is prepared on a commercial basis to provide training to non-client users. Their mainsupplier <strong>of</strong> equipment is from <strong>the</strong> United States and, for business reasons, <strong>the</strong>y do not support <strong>the</strong>Russian GLONASS system, though <strong>the</strong> principles <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GLONASS and o<strong>the</strong>r satellite systemsare essentially <strong>the</strong> same.494. There are many companies in Italy that are working in <strong>the</strong> research and developmentareas as well as in navigation application. Large suppliers and small and medium enterprises notonly participate in <strong>the</strong> European navigation programmes like EGNOS and GALILEO, but are alsoinvolved in ground-based navigation equipment (see Annex IV).495. Many companies in <strong>the</strong> Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea have been working in research and developmentin a variety <strong>of</strong> areas such as car navigation, informatics, GPS receivers, GIS firmware, etc.90
D. GNSS training opportunities <strong>of</strong>fered by Governments496. Azerbaijan is planning to establish a global navigation satellite system in <strong>the</strong> near futurefor application in various areas <strong>of</strong> navigation. Within <strong>the</strong> framework <strong>of</strong> FAO, a group <strong>of</strong> remotesensing specialists <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Azerbaijan National Aerospace Agency (ANASA) as well as o<strong>the</strong>rinterested organizations <strong>of</strong> Azerbaijan were provided with training in GNSS, such as <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong>GPS- 12 CX Garmin.497. In Germany, <strong>the</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Transport and Ministry <strong>of</strong> Research and Education areresponsible for <strong>the</strong> activities relating to GNSS. As <strong>the</strong> space agency, <strong>the</strong> German AerospaceCenter (DLR) has many activities in <strong>the</strong> research area, and it finances national GNSS studies andcontributes to <strong>the</strong> ESA GNSS programmes, such as EGNOS and GALILEO.498. In Hungary, universities, high schools, commercial organizations and research institutionsare involved in GNSS (GPS) education and training.499. India has developed a detailed plan for introduction <strong>of</strong> satellite-based navigation servicesfor civil aviation in phases. India is building a Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)system over <strong>the</strong> Indian Airspace. This is a joint project between <strong>the</strong> Indian Space ResearchOrganisation (ISRO) and <strong>the</strong> Airports Authority <strong>of</strong> India (AAI). The SBAS is being implementedby ISRO. To support <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> an SBAS system <strong>of</strong> international standards, severalorganizations, research institutes and academic institutions <strong>of</strong>fer training in satellite-basednavigation. The list <strong>of</strong> organizations that may be contacted for training is contained in Annex I.Annex I is categorised in terms <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> subject such as: SBAS system studies, navigation payload,master control centre, iono-tropo models, research and training and receivers, academicinstitutions and receiver manufacturers. Apart from <strong>the</strong>se, ISRO conducts several training coursesspecially design for developing countries on various related subjects from time to time.500. In Italy, some limited training opportunities exist in public authorities.501. In <strong>the</strong> Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea, <strong>the</strong> Civil Aviation Training Centre at Korea Airport Corporations(KAC), which is a non-pr<strong>of</strong>it organization founded by <strong>the</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Construction and Transportationto supervise and manage <strong>the</strong> effective operation <strong>of</strong> domestic airports, has conducted an internationaltraining course on GNSS technology, consisting <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fundamentals <strong>of</strong> GPS and DGPS, dataprocessing by GPS receivers, positioning and timing <strong>the</strong>ory and experiments based on DGPS, a newCNS/ATM concept.502. This training course was especially designed for developing countries in Sou<strong>the</strong>ast Asia toexchange information on international aviation affairs and promote <strong>the</strong> understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>relationships with each country in conjunction with <strong>the</strong> Korea International Cooperation Agency(KOICA), founded by <strong>the</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT).503. The two-week training course has been <strong>of</strong>fered annually since 2001 to 44 personnel related toair navigation safety facilities from 12 developing countries, including: Malaysia, <strong>the</strong> Philippines, VietNam and Thailand.504. The Korean Centre has a plan to be a top-ranked international aviation training centre by<strong>the</strong> continuing efforts for expansion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> scope and number in international training courses, byenhancing co-operation with recognised worldwide aviation training institutions, and also by91
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAM ONGLOBAL
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This document has not been formally
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CONTENTSIntroduction ..............
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAMON GLOBAL
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Product4. The product of</s
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II.OVERVIEW OF PLANNED AND EXISTING
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virtually every facet of</s
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27. Time and frequency disseminatio
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Service Availability Standard39. Th
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Table 1-4. Service Reliability Stan
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50. The GPS Control Segment (CS) is
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Service Availability Standard62. Th
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71. The GPS Navigation Message cons
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the Board, mainly
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• Vertical :• Velocity:• User
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• The network of
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126. The EU and ESA have concluded
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• The Search and Rescue Service (
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invitation to tender to this effect
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2. EGNOS169. As previously mentione
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183. Three phases have been identif
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an air navigation service dedicated
Page 45 and 46: • Aviation: a representative desi
Page 47 and 48: 222. The information is openly avai
Page 49 and 50: 234. The United Nations Office for
Page 51 and 52: • Provide consultancy and advice
Page 53 and 54: 255. Methods to compare distant clo
Page 55 and 56: measurements are used to evaluate <
Page 57 and 58: market can begin to develop. That a
Page 59 and 60: Nations and voluntary contributions
Page 61 and 62: IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General appl
Page 63 and 64: 317. Agricultural applications incl
Page 65 and 66: 326. The regional activity in <stro
Page 67 and 68: GNSS SBAS-WAAS trials in th
Page 69 and 70: 356. Other activit
Page 71 and 72: with respect to the</strong
Page 73 and 74: 379. Argentina has at present a “
Page 75 and 76: Brazilian Continuous GPS Network (R
Page 77 and 78: all mapping-related works in <stron
Page 79 and 80: monitoring, national reference <str
Page 81 and 82: Programs: B.Sc/M.Sc/Ph.D. in geomat
Page 83 and 84: • University of
Page 85 and 86: V. NEEDS AND CONCERNS OF DEVELOPING
Page 87 and 88: Surveying, Mapping, Land Use• Pre
Page 89 and 90: include Special Implementation Proj
Page 91 and 92: VI.EXISTING TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Page 93 and 94: 465. Many other GN
Page 95: • Theory and practice of<
Page 99 and 100: VII.INSTITUTIONAL MODELS FOR INTERN
Page 101 and 102: Environment Programme (UNEP), and <
Page 103 and 104: appropriate national security reaso
Page 105 and 106: VIII.RECOMMENDATIONS541. A number <
Page 107 and 108: for Outer Space Affairs, developmen
Page 109 and 110: • Develop the sk
Page 111 and 112: Recommendation 2. The development <
Page 113 and 114: 583. The need to develop th
Page 115 and 116: 589. Project 2:Pilot Projects (4 pr
Page 117 and 118: Annex I: Indian universities, resea
Page 119 and 120: University/researchinstitute/compan
Page 121 and 122: Annex III: Italian universities and
Page 123 and 124: Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 125 and 126: Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 127 and 128: APPENDIXList of we
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