report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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Services334. The Portuguese Geographical Institute, responsible for geodesy and mapping, has beenusing GPS in different applications. The establishment and maintenance <strong>of</strong> a permanent GPSnetwork for EUREF as well as <strong>the</strong> dissemination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> data also falls under its responsibility(http://www.igeo.pt).335. Similarly, <strong>the</strong> Military Geographical Institute (http://www.igeoe.pt) and <strong>the</strong>Hydrographical Institute (http://www.hidrografico.pt) have current applications with GPS.O<strong>the</strong>r activities336. In Portugal, GPS is widely used in different fields, both by public institutions as well asby private firms. In areas such as <strong>the</strong> environment, forestry, Earth resources, mapping, navigation,fleet management and control, and dam monitoring, GPS is a technique <strong>of</strong> fundamentalimportance, giving rise to a considerable market <strong>of</strong> GPS equipment. All <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> main trademarksare represented in <strong>the</strong> country.337. Since Portugal is a member <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EU and ESA, particular attention is being given to all<strong>the</strong> development phases <strong>of</strong> GALILEO.2. Latin America and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean338. In <strong>the</strong> late 1970s, activities related to GNSS started in Argentina. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se activitieshave been developed at La Plata National University (Universidad Nacional de La Plata), in itsFaculty <strong>of</strong> Astronomical and Geophysical Sciences (FCAGLP).339. The contribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> astronomers and geodesists <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> FCAGLP covers severalaspects <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GNSS work: scientific research, training, development and transfer <strong>of</strong> “know-how”and practical applications.340. This section <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>report</strong> summarizes <strong>the</strong> contribution <strong>of</strong> two groups at <strong>the</strong> FCAGLP toGPS work:1. Satellite Geodesy Group (SGG): particularly oriented towards <strong>the</strong> practicalapplications <strong>of</strong> GPS; and2. Georeferenciación Satelital (GESA) or Satellite referencing on <strong>the</strong> Earth: whichdevelops research work on GPS, organizes lectures, courses and seminars, being veryfamiliar with education at <strong>the</strong> university level (pre- and post-degree levels).Augmentation Systems341. In Brazil, SBAS (Space Based Augmentation System)’s testbed was underway. Thetopics related to <strong>the</strong> subject are ionosphere and scintillation modelling. There is also a project fora geostationary satellite.342. In addition, <strong>the</strong>re was <strong>the</strong> GBAS (Ground Based Augmentation System): development <strong>of</strong>DGNSS network and development <strong>of</strong> pseudolite.60
GNSS SBAS-WAAS trials in <strong>the</strong> Latin American and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean regions343. WAAS-type SBAS trials in <strong>the</strong> Latin American and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean regions, denominatedCSTB (CAR/SAM Test Bed), have been conducted under a ICAO-UNDP regional technical cooperationproject for Latin America and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean. This project was being executed thanks to<strong>the</strong> co-operation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Government <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> United States, through <strong>the</strong> FAA, with <strong>the</strong> participationand co-operation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following States and Organizations: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, United States, Venezuela and COCESNA. ICAO signed aMemorandum <strong>of</strong> Understanding with <strong>the</strong> FAA to borrow <strong>the</strong> equipment required for <strong>the</strong> trials,and to obtain <strong>the</strong> support necessary for training and trial analyses.344. The CSTB trial platform consists <strong>of</strong> 13 reference stations, two master stations, and oneground station for linkage to <strong>the</strong> geostationary satellite. This platform has been fully installed, andonly <strong>the</strong> Earth station for <strong>the</strong> satellite link was pending. Since <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project (June2001) important trials have been conducted that have led to significant results for <strong>the</strong> LatinAmerican and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean regions, which will contribute to <strong>the</strong> implementation <strong>of</strong> a regionalSBAS augmentation system to support air navigation phases (en-route and NPA). Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore,personnel from <strong>the</strong> aeronautical administrations involved in <strong>the</strong> project have received training oninstallation <strong>of</strong> reference stations, data processing, SBAS performance analysis, and management<strong>of</strong> data processing tools (FAA GPS solution), since this is a new technology. The project wasexpected to be completed by mid 2004.GNSS SBAS-EGNOS trials in <strong>the</strong> Latin American and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean regions345. This has been executed thanks to co-operation from <strong>the</strong> European Community, throughESA, and from <strong>the</strong> participating State and international organizations. EGNOS-type SBAS trials,denominated EDISA, are also being carried out through a ICAO/UNDP regional technical cooperationproject for Latin America and <strong>the</strong> Caribbean, with <strong>the</strong> participation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> followingStates and international organizations: Colombia, Cuba, Spain, COCESNA and <strong>the</strong> EuropeanCommunity. Phase I <strong>of</strong> this project envisaged <strong>the</strong> implementation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EDISA platform, whichconsists <strong>of</strong> three reference stations (RIMS), as well as very small aperture terminal (VSAT)communication stations installed next to each RIM. The information collected by <strong>the</strong> RIMS issent to a master station in Europe for processing and issuance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> augmentation signal through<strong>the</strong> INMARSAT AOR-E geostationary satellite. This signal can be used by duly-equippedaircraft. The project started in early 2003; <strong>the</strong> trial platform has been fully installed and flighttests for en-route, NPA and APV1 functions have been carried out in <strong>the</strong> States involved.Personnel from <strong>the</strong>se States have received training on data processing and analytical tools(Pegasus plus EUROCONTROL), in order to raise awareness among States as to <strong>the</strong> benefits <strong>of</strong>satellite navigation, <strong>the</strong> future <strong>of</strong> GNSS, and especially <strong>the</strong> European strategy in <strong>the</strong> GNSS field.The results <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> trials confirmed <strong>the</strong> performance anticipated by simulations: accuracy betterthan 10 meters and integrity level up to APV I (approach with vertical guidance with a verticalalert limit <strong>of</strong> 50 meters). The trials provided useful information in support <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ICAO activitiesin <strong>the</strong> definition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GNSS strategy for <strong>the</strong> region. Areas <strong>of</strong> synergy with <strong>the</strong> WAAS trialswere also identified (ionosphere and troposphere).346. This project also contemplated a second phase, which was expected to start once <strong>the</strong> firstphase had been completed. It included personnel training activities, trials with an architecturedifferent to <strong>the</strong> one used in Phase I, collection and analysis <strong>of</strong> GNSS data, use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Pegasus Plustool, studies to be submitted to <strong>the</strong> GREPECAS ATM/CNS Subgroup, and o<strong>the</strong>r activities which61
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAM ONGLOBAL
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This document has not been formally
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CONTENTSIntroduction ..............
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAMON GLOBAL
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Product4. The product of</s
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II.OVERVIEW OF PLANNED AND EXISTING
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virtually every facet of</s
Page 15 and 16: 27. Time and frequency disseminatio
Page 17 and 18: Service Availability Standard39. Th
Page 19 and 20: Table 1-4. Service Reliability Stan
Page 21 and 22: 50. The GPS Control Segment (CS) is
Page 23 and 24: Service Availability Standard62. Th
Page 25 and 26: 71. The GPS Navigation Message cons
Page 27 and 28: the Board, mainly
Page 29 and 30: • Vertical :• Velocity:• User
Page 31 and 32: • The network of
Page 33 and 34: 126. The EU and ESA have concluded
Page 35 and 36: • The Search and Rescue Service (
Page 37 and 38: invitation to tender to this effect
Page 39 and 40: 2. EGNOS169. As previously mentione
Page 41 and 42: 183. Three phases have been identif
Page 43 and 44: an air navigation service dedicated
Page 45 and 46: • Aviation: a representative desi
Page 47 and 48: 222. The information is openly avai
Page 49 and 50: 234. The United Nations Office for
Page 51 and 52: • Provide consultancy and advice
Page 53 and 54: 255. Methods to compare distant clo
Page 55 and 56: measurements are used to evaluate <
Page 57 and 58: market can begin to develop. That a
Page 59 and 60: Nations and voluntary contributions
Page 61 and 62: IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General appl
Page 63 and 64: 317. Agricultural applications incl
Page 65: 326. The regional activity in <stro
Page 69 and 70: 356. Other activit
Page 71 and 72: with respect to the</strong
Page 73 and 74: 379. Argentina has at present a “
Page 75 and 76: Brazilian Continuous GPS Network (R
Page 77 and 78: all mapping-related works in <stron
Page 79 and 80: monitoring, national reference <str
Page 81 and 82: Programs: B.Sc/M.Sc/Ph.D. in geomat
Page 83 and 84: • University of
Page 85 and 86: V. NEEDS AND CONCERNS OF DEVELOPING
Page 87 and 88: Surveying, Mapping, Land Use• Pre
Page 89 and 90: include Special Implementation Proj
Page 91 and 92: VI.EXISTING TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Page 93 and 94: 465. Many other GN
Page 95 and 96: • Theory and practice of<
Page 97 and 98: D. GNSS training opportunities <str
Page 99 and 100: VII.INSTITUTIONAL MODELS FOR INTERN
Page 101 and 102: Environment Programme (UNEP), and <
Page 103 and 104: appropriate national security reaso
Page 105 and 106: VIII.RECOMMENDATIONS541. A number <
Page 107 and 108: for Outer Space Affairs, developmen
Page 109 and 110: • Develop the sk
Page 111 and 112: Recommendation 2. The development <
Page 113 and 114: 583. The need to develop th
Page 115 and 116: 589. Project 2:Pilot Projects (4 pr
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Annex I: Indian universities, resea
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University/researchinstitute/compan
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Annex III: Italian universities and
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Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
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Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
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APPENDIXList of we
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report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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