report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General applications <strong>of</strong> GNSS310. The core constellations <strong>of</strong> GNSS (GPS and GLONASS) are being used in a variety <strong>of</strong>applications. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most promising areas <strong>of</strong> applications are:• Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITS (Ground, Air and Marine Transportation Control);• Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM);• GPS cards;• Survey mapping/GIS;• Military; and• Timing and frequency dissemination.311. There are many o<strong>the</strong>r areas in which <strong>the</strong> GNSS market is expected to grow significantlyin <strong>the</strong> near future. These areas are:• Mobile phones;• Development <strong>of</strong> intelligent highway systems;• Anti-collision systems in railways and land transport; and• Precision agriculture.312. In future, <strong>the</strong> GNSS market will predominantly consist <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> GNSS chipsets inmobile phones. GPS is currently <strong>the</strong> de-facto standard for satellite-based navigation services. TheGPS market in <strong>the</strong> year 2000 was worth US $ 8 billion, and in 2003 worth about US $ 15 billion.It is estimated that <strong>the</strong> world market for GNSS in <strong>the</strong> year 2005 would be in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> US $20 billion.313. The use <strong>of</strong> GNSS in intelligent highway systems, train collision avoidance systems andprecision farming is expected to increase phenomenally after 2005. However, this component <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> market is expected to remain concentrated in <strong>the</strong> developed countries.Priority <strong>the</strong>mes for use <strong>of</strong> GNSS technology for social and economic development <strong>of</strong>developing countries314. The existing core constellations from <strong>the</strong> United States, <strong>the</strong> Russian Federation, <strong>the</strong>planned European GALILEO and space-segment augmentations by <strong>the</strong> United States, Europe,Japan, India and several o<strong>the</strong>r countries have provided an opportunity for <strong>the</strong> developingcountries to use GNSS in various applications for improving <strong>the</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>applications are:a) Use <strong>of</strong> GNSS chipsets in mobile phones:• The GPS market in <strong>the</strong> year 2002 was estimated to be about US $ 13 billion. The largestcomponent <strong>of</strong> sales has been in <strong>the</strong> car navigation market so far. It is estimated thatmobile phones would be equipped with position location chipsets for emergency services;and• The mobile phone market for GNSS chipsets is expected to dominate <strong>the</strong> sales in <strong>the</strong>future. Many developing countries, where <strong>the</strong> density <strong>of</strong> mobile phones is low, are55