report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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The Italian Institute <strong>of</strong> Navigation (IIN)303. The Italian Institute <strong>of</strong> Navigation (IIN) (www.iin.it) is also a non-pr<strong>of</strong>it makingorganization <strong>of</strong> public interest. The institute was founded in 1959. Its main objectives are topromote <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> navigation sciences and technologies and disseminate <strong>the</strong> knowledgerelated to such fields.304. To <strong>the</strong>se aims, <strong>the</strong> Institute fosters co-operation between end users, industries andresearch institutes.305. The Italian Institute <strong>of</strong> Navigation takes active participation in European andInternational initiatives in <strong>the</strong> field <strong>of</strong> navigation. It is a member <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Group <strong>of</strong>Institutes <strong>of</strong> Navigation (EUGIN), and also <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> International Association <strong>of</strong> Institutes <strong>of</strong>Navigation (IAIN). The Institute takes active participation in <strong>the</strong> works <strong>of</strong> ICAO and IMO.306. The Italian Institute <strong>of</strong> Navigation actively promotes conferences in relation to navigationevery year.Korea GNSS Technology Council (GTC)Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea307. With <strong>the</strong> support <strong>of</strong> Korea’s Ministry <strong>of</strong> Information and Communication, <strong>the</strong> Korea GTC wasorganised in 1994 by individual experts from many universities, research institutions, and industriesassociated with GNSS technology to promote <strong>the</strong> exchange <strong>of</strong> academic and technical information andto support research and development activities with respect to GNSS technology.308. GTC has hosted annual national conferences entitled “GPS workshop” where technical andpolicy issues on <strong>the</strong> essence <strong>of</strong> GNSS technology and its wide applications are presented anddiscussed. In addition, tutorial sessions on <strong>the</strong> fundamentals <strong>of</strong> GNSS including GPS, DGPS, GPSreceivers technologies have been <strong>of</strong>fered.309. GTC has also organised since 1999, on an yearly basis, <strong>the</strong> “International Symposium onGPS/GNSS” in order to promote international co-operation. GTC also agreed to co-host anannual international symposium with Japan and <strong>the</strong> People’s Republic <strong>of</strong> China in 2001, for <strong>the</strong>purpose <strong>of</strong> promoting awareness with respect to GNSS-related activities, especially in <strong>the</strong> FarEast Asia region, and increase information exchange for GNSS experts and decision-makers. Inaddition, <strong>the</strong> Far East Asia regional symposiums have been held in Korea (2001), People’sRepublic <strong>of</strong> China (2002) and Japan (2003).54
IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General applications <strong>of</strong> GNSS310. The core constellations <strong>of</strong> GNSS (GPS and GLONASS) are being used in a variety <strong>of</strong>applications. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most promising areas <strong>of</strong> applications are:• Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITS (Ground, Air and Marine Transportation Control);• Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM);• GPS cards;• Survey mapping/GIS;• Military; and• Timing and frequency dissemination.311. There are many o<strong>the</strong>r areas in which <strong>the</strong> GNSS market is expected to grow significantlyin <strong>the</strong> near future. These areas are:• Mobile phones;• Development <strong>of</strong> intelligent highway systems;• Anti-collision systems in railways and land transport; and• Precision agriculture.312. In future, <strong>the</strong> GNSS market will predominantly consist <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> GNSS chipsets inmobile phones. GPS is currently <strong>the</strong> de-facto standard for satellite-based navigation services. TheGPS market in <strong>the</strong> year 2000 was worth US $ 8 billion, and in 2003 worth about US $ 15 billion.It is estimated that <strong>the</strong> world market for GNSS in <strong>the</strong> year 2005 would be in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> US $20 billion.313. The use <strong>of</strong> GNSS in intelligent highway systems, train collision avoidance systems andprecision farming is expected to increase phenomenally after 2005. However, this component <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> market is expected to remain concentrated in <strong>the</strong> developed countries.Priority <strong>the</strong>mes for use <strong>of</strong> GNSS technology for social and economic development <strong>of</strong>developing countries314. The existing core constellations from <strong>the</strong> United States, <strong>the</strong> Russian Federation, <strong>the</strong>planned European GALILEO and space-segment augmentations by <strong>the</strong> United States, Europe,Japan, India and several o<strong>the</strong>r countries have provided an opportunity for <strong>the</strong> developingcountries to use GNSS in various applications for improving <strong>the</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>applications are:a) Use <strong>of</strong> GNSS chipsets in mobile phones:• The GPS market in <strong>the</strong> year 2002 was estimated to be about US $ 13 billion. The largestcomponent <strong>of</strong> sales has been in <strong>the</strong> car navigation market so far. It is estimated thatmobile phones would be equipped with position location chipsets for emergency services;and• The mobile phone market for GNSS chipsets is expected to dominate <strong>the</strong> sales in <strong>the</strong>future. Many developing countries, where <strong>the</strong> density <strong>of</strong> mobile phones is low, are55
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAM ONGLOBAL
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This document has not been formally
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CONTENTSIntroduction ..............
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAMON GLOBAL
Page 9 and 10: Product4. The product of</s
Page 11 and 12: II.OVERVIEW OF PLANNED AND EXISTING
Page 13 and 14: virtually every facet of</s
Page 15 and 16: 27. Time and frequency disseminatio
Page 17 and 18: Service Availability Standard39. Th
Page 19 and 20: Table 1-4. Service Reliability Stan
Page 21 and 22: 50. The GPS Control Segment (CS) is
Page 23 and 24: Service Availability Standard62. Th
Page 25 and 26: 71. The GPS Navigation Message cons
Page 27 and 28: the Board, mainly
Page 29 and 30: • Vertical :• Velocity:• User
Page 31 and 32: • The network of
Page 33 and 34: 126. The EU and ESA have concluded
Page 35 and 36: • The Search and Rescue Service (
Page 37 and 38: invitation to tender to this effect
Page 39 and 40: 2. EGNOS169. As previously mentione
Page 41 and 42: 183. Three phases have been identif
Page 43 and 44: an air navigation service dedicated
Page 45 and 46: • Aviation: a representative desi
Page 47 and 48: 222. The information is openly avai
Page 49 and 50: 234. The United Nations Office for
Page 51 and 52: • Provide consultancy and advice
Page 53 and 54: 255. Methods to compare distant clo
Page 55 and 56: measurements are used to evaluate <
Page 57 and 58: market can begin to develop. That a
Page 59: Nations and voluntary contributions
Page 63 and 64: 317. Agricultural applications incl
Page 65 and 66: 326. The regional activity in <stro
Page 67 and 68: GNSS SBAS-WAAS trials in th
Page 69 and 70: 356. Other activit
Page 71 and 72: with respect to the</strong
Page 73 and 74: 379. Argentina has at present a “
Page 75 and 76: Brazilian Continuous GPS Network (R
Page 77 and 78: all mapping-related works in <stron
Page 79 and 80: monitoring, national reference <str
Page 81 and 82: Programs: B.Sc/M.Sc/Ph.D. in geomat
Page 83 and 84: • University of
Page 85 and 86: V. NEEDS AND CONCERNS OF DEVELOPING
Page 87 and 88: Surveying, Mapping, Land Use• Pre
Page 89 and 90: include Special Implementation Proj
Page 91 and 92: VI.EXISTING TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Page 93 and 94: 465. Many other GN
Page 95 and 96: • Theory and practice of<
Page 97 and 98: D. GNSS training opportunities <str
Page 99 and 100: VII.INSTITUTIONAL MODELS FOR INTERN
Page 101 and 102: Environment Programme (UNEP), and <
Page 103 and 104: appropriate national security reaso
Page 105 and 106: VIII.RECOMMENDATIONS541. A number <
Page 107 and 108: for Outer Space Affairs, developmen
Page 109 and 110: • Develop the sk
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Recommendation 2. The development <
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583. The need to develop th
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589. Project 2:Pilot Projects (4 pr
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Annex I: Indian universities, resea
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University/researchinstitute/compan
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Annex III: Italian universities and
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Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
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Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
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APPENDIXList of we
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