report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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Final Operational Phase (FOP)192. During <strong>the</strong> Final Operational Phase (FOP), additional INRESs will be established asrequired and <strong>the</strong> communication systems will be established with all redundancies. INMCC andNLES will be augmented with operational hardware and adequate redundancy.193. During <strong>the</strong> IEP and <strong>the</strong> FOP, parallel attempts will be made to develop SATNAVcompatible GNSS receivers <strong>of</strong> international standards indigenously.194. The present service includes coverage (satellite footprint) for WAAS (INMARSAT-IIIAOR-East & West), EGNOS (INMARSAT-III, AOR-East & IOR), MSAS (INMARSAT-III,POR) & GAGAN (proposed Indian coverages toge<strong>the</strong>r with INMARSAT-III IOR and MSAS).5. O<strong>the</strong>rsCanadian Coast Guard Marine Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) NavigationService195. The Canadian Coast Guard DGPS Navigation Service provides a maritime differentialGPS correction service for suitably equipped radio users. These corrections are broadcast from anetwork <strong>of</strong> Canadian Coast Guard operated MF marine radio beacons. Canadian coverage areasinclude <strong>the</strong> east and west coasts <strong>of</strong> Canada to approximately 60° N., <strong>the</strong> Great Lakes and SaintLawrence Seaway. The current network consists <strong>of</strong> 20 beacons. Broadcast formats are based oninternational standards and are compatible with <strong>the</strong> worldwide network <strong>of</strong> DGPS marine beaconstation broadcasts. See http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/dgps/main_e.htm for additional information andupdates.Canadian Active Control System and Canada-wide DGPS service196. Natural Resources Canada has established <strong>the</strong> Canadian Active Control System (CACS)through which enhanced GPS positioning is enabled and directly related to <strong>the</strong> Canadian SpatialReference System (CSRS). Real-time and post-processing GPS applications are possible ataccuracies ranging from centimetres to metres. The CACS consists <strong>of</strong> a network <strong>of</strong> GPS trackingstations across Canada, real-time data links and a central server computing system. CACSproducts include GPS data, precise GPS orbits and clocks. As part <strong>of</strong> a global collaboration,CACS data and products are regularly contributed to <strong>the</strong> International GPS Service (IGS)(http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/).197. A real-time wide-area augmentation, based on <strong>the</strong> CACS, has been implemented toproduce real-time GPS corrections (GPS•C) for Canadian users. Real-time broadcast <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>secorrections via MSAT to <strong>the</strong> user and development <strong>of</strong> an initial user receiver is underway througha partnership between <strong>the</strong> Canadian federal Government and <strong>the</strong> Canadian provinces. This projectis known as CDGPS or Canada-wide Differential GPS project (http://www.cdgps.com/). Moredetails about <strong>the</strong> Canadian Active Control System are available at:http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/index_e/aboutus_e/programs_e/progacp_e.htmlNAV CANADA’s role and GPS augmentation strategy198. NAV CANADA is <strong>the</strong> non-share capital, private corporation that owns and operatesCanada’s civil Air Navigation Service (ANS). NAV CANADA provides, maintains and enhances36
an air navigation service dedicated to <strong>the</strong> safe movement <strong>of</strong> air traffic throughout <strong>the</strong> country andthrough oceanic airspace assigned to Canada under international agreements. The company’sinfrastructure consists <strong>of</strong> seven Area Control Centres, one stand-alone terminal control unit, 78flight service stations, 42 control towers, 41 radar sites and approximately 1,400 ground-basednavigational aids across Canada.199. For <strong>the</strong> aviation community, GPS signals meet accuracy requirements for en-routethrough non-precision approach. GPS by itself does not meet integrity or accuracy requirementsfor aircraft precision approach operations. NAV CANADA has commissioned over 250 GPSstand-alone approaches providing increased airport usability in many cases.200. Recent developments in <strong>the</strong> United States Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)program suggest that it may be possible to obtain service from WAAS in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Canada. NAVCANADA is exploring this possibility. The only viable way to obtain full WAAS service inCanada, however, is to field a network <strong>of</strong> reference stations linked to FAA master stations in <strong>the</strong>United States; this network would be called <strong>the</strong> Canadian WAAS, or CWAAS. NAV CANADAand <strong>the</strong> FAA have been planning accordingly since <strong>the</strong> mid 1990s. No decision has been made t<strong>of</strong>und CWAAS; such a decision depends on factors related to <strong>the</strong> ability <strong>of</strong> CWAAS to deliverlevels <strong>of</strong> service that would bring benefits to aircraft operating in Canada.201. NAV CANADA is also investigating <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS) installations in Canada as this technology develops.[Reference: NAV CANADA Satnav Transition Strategy May 2002http://www.navcanada.ca/contentEN/serviceprojects/satnav/See also http://www.navcanada.ca/contentEN/news/corpDocs/techWatch/default.asp for NAVCANADA updates and http://www.tc.gc.ca/tdc/projects/air/b/9855.htm for information aboutGPS advanced aviation navigation program at Transport Canada.]University <strong>of</strong> Calgary’s regional differential RTK test network202. The University <strong>of</strong> Calgary is deploying a test network that will initially consist <strong>of</strong> 16stations spaced at 40 to 70 km to study multiple reference station DGPS RTK and real-time watervapour estimation on a regional basis.Canadian commercial GPS differential services203. There are some Canadian companies <strong>of</strong>fering GPS augmentation services coveringvarious parts <strong>of</strong> Canada. This is done from wide coverage by broadcasting corrections via acommunication satellite to local services broadcasting via radio frequencies from a single basestation. The services also range from low accuracy single frequency pseudorange corrections tolocal, high accuracy, dual frequency RTK type services. Most major cities in Canada have somesort <strong>of</strong> commercial GPS augmentation service.37
Page 1 and 2: REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAM ONGLOBAL
Page 3 and 4: This document has not been formally
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTSIntroduction ..............
Page 7 and 8: REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAMON GLOBAL
Page 9 and 10: Product4. The product of</s
Page 11 and 12: II.OVERVIEW OF PLANNED AND EXISTING
Page 13 and 14: virtually every facet of</s
Page 15 and 16: 27. Time and frequency disseminatio
Page 17 and 18: Service Availability Standard39. Th
Page 19 and 20: Table 1-4. Service Reliability Stan
Page 21 and 22: 50. The GPS Control Segment (CS) is
Page 23 and 24: Service Availability Standard62. Th
Page 25 and 26: 71. The GPS Navigation Message cons
Page 27 and 28: the Board, mainly
Page 29 and 30: • Vertical :• Velocity:• User
Page 31 and 32: • The network of
Page 33 and 34: 126. The EU and ESA have concluded
Page 35 and 36: • The Search and Rescue Service (
Page 37 and 38: invitation to tender to this effect
Page 39 and 40: 2. EGNOS169. As previously mentione
Page 41: 183. Three phases have been identif
Page 45 and 46: • Aviation: a representative desi
Page 47 and 48: 222. The information is openly avai
Page 49 and 50: 234. The United Nations Office for
Page 51 and 52: • Provide consultancy and advice
Page 53 and 54: 255. Methods to compare distant clo
Page 55 and 56: measurements are used to evaluate <
Page 57 and 58: market can begin to develop. That a
Page 59 and 60: Nations and voluntary contributions
Page 61 and 62: IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General appl
Page 63 and 64: 317. Agricultural applications incl
Page 65 and 66: 326. The regional activity in <stro
Page 67 and 68: GNSS SBAS-WAAS trials in th
Page 69 and 70: 356. Other activit
Page 71 and 72: with respect to the</strong
Page 73 and 74: 379. Argentina has at present a “
Page 75 and 76: Brazilian Continuous GPS Network (R
Page 77 and 78: all mapping-related works in <stron
Page 79 and 80: monitoring, national reference <str
Page 81 and 82: Programs: B.Sc/M.Sc/Ph.D. in geomat
Page 83 and 84: • University of
Page 85 and 86: V. NEEDS AND CONCERNS OF DEVELOPING
Page 87 and 88: Surveying, Mapping, Land Use• Pre
Page 89 and 90: include Special Implementation Proj
Page 91 and 92: VI.EXISTING TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Page 93 and 94:
465. Many other GN
Page 95 and 96:
• Theory and practice of<
Page 97 and 98:
D. GNSS training opportunities <str
Page 99 and 100:
VII.INSTITUTIONAL MODELS FOR INTERN
Page 101 and 102:
Environment Programme (UNEP), and <
Page 103 and 104:
appropriate national security reaso
Page 105 and 106:
VIII.RECOMMENDATIONS541. A number <
Page 107 and 108:
for Outer Space Affairs, developmen
Page 109 and 110:
• Develop the sk
Page 111 and 112:
Recommendation 2. The development <
Page 113 and 114:
583. The need to develop th
Page 115 and 116:
589. Project 2:Pilot Projects (4 pr
Page 117 and 118:
Annex I: Indian universities, resea
Page 119 and 120:
University/researchinstitute/compan
Page 121 and 122:
Annex III: Italian universities and
Page 123 and 124:
Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 125 and 126:
Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 127 and 128:
APPENDIXList of we
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report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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