report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
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using MTSAT-1R and MTSAT-2 is expected to commence in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> year 2006, given that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>system performance levels using both <strong>satellite</strong>s are satisfactory. MSAS is expected to <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fer highlyreliable navigati<strong>on</strong> services by utilising two MTSATs, and also reducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> aircraft separati<strong>on</strong>.MSAS is expected to functi<strong>on</strong> as a shared infrastructure within <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Asia and Pacific regi<strong>on</strong>s forGNSS use.Interoperability and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> future potential <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> MSAS164. Satellite Based Augmentati<strong>on</strong> Systems such as WAAS (Wide Area Augmentati<strong>on</strong>System) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> United States, EGNOS (European Geostati<strong>on</strong>ary Navigati<strong>on</strong> Overlay Service) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>Europe, GAGAN (GPS And GEO Augmented Navigati<strong>on</strong>) system <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> India and MSAS haveinteroperability at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> signal in space level. This <strong>global</strong> integrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> air navigati<strong>on</strong> systemallows aircraft to use WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN and MSAS services with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same avi<strong>on</strong>ics. Allservice providers c<strong>on</strong>tinue to examine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> establishment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> higher-level interoperability. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>future, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se wide-area augmentati<strong>on</strong> <strong>systems</strong> are expected to provide higher-quality services,which are truly <strong>global</strong> and seamless services through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> improvement <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> system performanceand expansi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> service areas.QZSSOverview165. The Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) is a regi<strong>on</strong>al complementary andaugmentative system for GPS. When completed, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS will c<strong>on</strong>sist <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> at least three <strong>satellite</strong>sto be operated <strong>on</strong> individual circular orbits at an inclinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 45 degrees over a geosynchr<strong>on</strong>ousperiod. Because <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> elevati<strong>on</strong> angle is more than 70 degrees at all times, this <strong>satellite</strong> c<strong>on</strong>stellati<strong>on</strong>ensures visibility <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> regi<strong>on</strong> over Japan without blocking from buildings and mountainousfeatures. The QZSS orbital characteristics are <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>refore extremely valuable for high-speedcommunicati<strong>on</strong> and high accuracy navigati<strong>on</strong> services.Schedule and development structure166. In 2003, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Japanese Government started research and development <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS. Thefirst dem<strong>on</strong>strati<strong>on</strong> <strong>satellite</strong> is expected to be launched in 2008. The collaborati<strong>on</strong> between <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>Government and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> private sector is <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most important aspects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> developmentprocess. Both groups are working toge<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS Development and Utilisati<strong>on</strong> Board inorder to facilitate <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> realisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS system.Internati<strong>on</strong>al co-operati<strong>on</strong>167. Internati<strong>on</strong>al co-operati<strong>on</strong> between <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GPS provider, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> United States and Japan isessential for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> development <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GPS/QZSS Technical Working Group thatwas established in October 2002 to encourage this kind <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> co-operati<strong>on</strong>. With respect to QZSSutilisati<strong>on</strong>, expanding <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> service area to o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r countries in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Asia and Pacific regi<strong>on</strong>s,especially to Australia, could be c<strong>on</strong>sidered for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> future.168. Additi<strong>on</strong>al informati<strong>on</strong> about <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> QZSS, i.e., presentati<strong>on</strong> materials introduced at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> 5 thActi<strong>on</strong> Team meeting, is available at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GNSS Acti<strong>on</strong> Team web site (http://forum.itu.int/~<strong>gnss</strong>).32