report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)
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e less than 30 m (95%). In that time period <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> modernisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ground c<strong>on</strong>trol segment isplanned assuming <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> deployment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>e–way receiving stati<strong>on</strong> network for orbit determinati<strong>on</strong>and clock correcti<strong>on</strong> determinati<strong>on</strong>. The integrity m<strong>on</strong>itoring system based <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> spread <strong>on</strong>e-wayreceiving stati<strong>on</strong> network shall be implemented as well.105. From 2007 to 2008, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> new generati<strong>on</strong> <strong>satellite</strong>s GLONASS-K with extendedperformances will be launched transmitting <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> third civil signal at L3 frequency band (1190.5 –1212 MHz). The search and rescue service is expected to be implemented <strong>on</strong> board <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>GLONASS-K. Positi<strong>on</strong>ing accuracy will be available <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> order <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 5-7 m (95%). Modernisati<strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ground segment assumes <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>global</strong> integrity m<strong>on</strong>itoring system deployment and <strong>global</strong>differential system implementati<strong>on</strong> to provide for users <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> integrity informati<strong>on</strong> and higher realtimeaccuracy <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> positi<strong>on</strong>ing.106. Study <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> requirements for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> next GLONASS generati<strong>on</strong> (code name is GLONASS-KM) has been initiated in 2002.107. Generally, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> full (24 <strong>satellite</strong>s) GLONASS c<strong>on</strong>stellati<strong>on</strong> transmitting two civil signalsshould be available from 2010. Three civil signals from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> full GLONASS c<strong>on</strong>stellati<strong>on</strong> areplanned to be available after 2012.GLONASS applicati<strong>on</strong>108. Being a part <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GNSS system, GLONASS in combinati<strong>on</strong> with GPS can benefit usersby providing more reliable navigati<strong>on</strong> with better availability <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> navigati<strong>on</strong> service, particularly inurban and cany<strong>on</strong> c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s. Due to higher orbit inclinati<strong>on</strong> than GPS, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GLONASS service isbetter presented in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> polar regi<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Earth. The frequency divisi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GLONASSnavigati<strong>on</strong> channels provides users with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> robust navigati<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> interferenceand greater anti-jam capability.GLONASS augmentati<strong>on</strong>109. The Federal Space Agency, in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> framework <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Federal GLONASS Missi<strong>on</strong>Oriented Program, has launched <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> project for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GLONASS augmentati<strong>on</strong> systemdevelopment. The main objectives <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> system are:• GNSS integrity m<strong>on</strong>itoring service for civil users; and• Real-time sub-meter positi<strong>on</strong>ing accuracy.110. The system architecture c<strong>on</strong>sists <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following comp<strong>on</strong>ents:• M<strong>on</strong>itoring stati<strong>on</strong> network <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Russian territory receiving <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> GNSS signals, mainlyplaced with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> existing geodesy sites including IGS and SLR stati<strong>on</strong>s;• Data acquisiti<strong>on</strong> system based <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> existing telecommunicati<strong>on</strong> network withmodificati<strong>on</strong> to ensure <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> necessary level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> data protecti<strong>on</strong>, data delivery delay andreliability;• Two hot redundant data processing centres dedicated for data pre-processing, preciseorbit and time correcti<strong>on</strong> determinati<strong>on</strong> in real time mode, integrity informati<strong>on</strong>generati<strong>on</strong>;• An analysis centre for a deep, posterior analysis <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> GNSS ephemeris, time and integritydata; and24