report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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540. Meetings between <strong>the</strong> international committee and user community should be organisedunder United Nations leadership twice a year in <strong>the</strong> regions. Conducting workshops in connectionwith well-attended international GNSS meetings may be desirable.98
VIII.RECOMMENDATIONS541. A number <strong>of</strong> sources have provided a series <strong>of</strong> recommendations for promoting a moreefficient use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GNSS technology around <strong>the</strong> world. The four regional workshops held in2001 and 2002, <strong>the</strong> international experts meetings on GNSS held in late 2002 and 2003, <strong>the</strong>responses to <strong>the</strong> questionnaires sent to experts, participants and service providers at thosemeetings, as well as inputs from members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Action Team on GNSS represent just a few <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> sources. The recommendations are summarised below. The following recommendations aremade for <strong>the</strong> United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs to submit to <strong>the</strong> United NationsGeneral Assembly for consideration:A. Recommendations regarding institutional framework to service providersCreation <strong>of</strong> an international committee on global navigation satellite systems542. Creation <strong>of</strong> an international committee on GNSS would provide a mechanism for coordinationamong service providers to address, among o<strong>the</strong>r things, co-ordination <strong>of</strong>activities and plans for system modernisation and development:• To encourage compatibility and interoperability in terms <strong>of</strong> signal structure, time andgeodetic reference standards;• To establish standards for service provision and user equipment;• To reduce <strong>the</strong> complexity and cost <strong>of</strong> user equipment;• To ensure continuity <strong>of</strong> existing services to protect <strong>the</strong> investment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> current userbase;• To maintain <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> systems on a free and non-discriminatory basis; and• To advocate long-term protection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> spectrum reserved for GNSS.543. Elaboration and implementation <strong>of</strong> security measures to protect against threats tophysical GNSS infrastructure <strong>of</strong> satellites and ground stations to ensure continuity <strong>of</strong> GNSSservices.544. The international committee could be established through a multilateral agreement amongproviders <strong>of</strong> GNSS and regional augmentations systems. The international committee might bemodelled after <strong>the</strong> Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS 6 ), with secretariatresponsibility rotating among its members on an annual basis. This possibility could be examinedfur<strong>the</strong>r. The Office for Outer Space Affairs and ICAO could be affiliated at some level in order toprovide an exchange <strong>of</strong> information on user needs and to support <strong>the</strong> broader objective <strong>of</strong>integrating GNSS and its augmentations into <strong>the</strong> basic infrastructures <strong>of</strong> developing countries.545. It is recommended that <strong>the</strong> international committee on GNSS be set up with <strong>the</strong> followingobjectives:• To benefit users <strong>of</strong> navigation services through consultations among members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>committee;• To encourage co-ordination among providers <strong>of</strong> GNSS core systems and augmentationsin order to ensure greater compatibility and interoperability;6 www.ceos.org/pages/overview.html99
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAM ONGLOBAL
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This document has not been formally
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CONTENTSIntroduction ..............
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REPORT OF THE ACTION TEAMON GLOBAL
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Product4. The product of</s
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II.OVERVIEW OF PLANNED AND EXISTING
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virtually every facet of</s
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27. Time and frequency disseminatio
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Service Availability Standard39. Th
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Table 1-4. Service Reliability Stan
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50. The GPS Control Segment (CS) is
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Service Availability Standard62. Th
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71. The GPS Navigation Message cons
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the Board, mainly
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• Vertical :• Velocity:• User
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• The network of
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126. The EU and ESA have concluded
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• The Search and Rescue Service (
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invitation to tender to this effect
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2. EGNOS169. As previously mentione
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183. Three phases have been identif
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an air navigation service dedicated
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• Aviation: a representative desi
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222. The information is openly avai
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234. The United Nations Office for
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• Provide consultancy and advice
Page 53 and 54: 255. Methods to compare distant clo
Page 55 and 56: measurements are used to evaluate <
Page 57 and 58: market can begin to develop. That a
Page 59 and 60: Nations and voluntary contributions
Page 61 and 62: IV.GNSS APPLICATIONSA. General appl
Page 63 and 64: 317. Agricultural applications incl
Page 65 and 66: 326. The regional activity in <stro
Page 67 and 68: GNSS SBAS-WAAS trials in th
Page 69 and 70: 356. Other activit
Page 71 and 72: with respect to the</strong
Page 73 and 74: 379. Argentina has at present a “
Page 75 and 76: Brazilian Continuous GPS Network (R
Page 77 and 78: all mapping-related works in <stron
Page 79 and 80: monitoring, national reference <str
Page 81 and 82: Programs: B.Sc/M.Sc/Ph.D. in geomat
Page 83 and 84: • University of
Page 85 and 86: V. NEEDS AND CONCERNS OF DEVELOPING
Page 87 and 88: Surveying, Mapping, Land Use• Pre
Page 89 and 90: include Special Implementation Proj
Page 91 and 92: VI.EXISTING TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Page 93 and 94: 465. Many other GN
Page 95 and 96: • Theory and practice of<
Page 97 and 98: D. GNSS training opportunities <str
Page 99 and 100: VII.INSTITUTIONAL MODELS FOR INTERN
Page 101 and 102: Environment Programme (UNEP), and <
Page 103: appropriate national security reaso
Page 107 and 108: for Outer Space Affairs, developmen
Page 109 and 110: • Develop the sk
Page 111 and 112: Recommendation 2. The development <
Page 113 and 114: 583. The need to develop th
Page 115 and 116: 589. Project 2:Pilot Projects (4 pr
Page 117 and 118: Annex I: Indian universities, resea
Page 119 and 120: University/researchinstitute/compan
Page 121 and 122: Annex III: Italian universities and
Page 123 and 124: Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 125 and 126: Annex IV: Italian non-governmental
Page 127 and 128: APPENDIXList of we
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report of the action team on global navigation satellite systems (gnss)

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