Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

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Table 5.4—ContinuedHIV can betransmitted bybreastfeedingWomenRisk ofMTCT canbe reducedby mothertaking specialdrugs duringpregnancyHIV can betransmitted bybreastfeedingand risk ofMTCT can bereduced bymother takingspecial drugsduringpregnancyNumberofwomenHIV can betransmitted bybreastfeedingMenRisk ofMTCT canbe reducedby mothertakingspecial drugsduringpregnancyHIV can betransmitted bybreastfeedingand risk ofMTCT can bereduced bymother takingspecial drugsduringpregnancyBackgroundcharacteristicNumberof menZoneWestern 74.2 45.9 42.8 1,682 68.3 39.6 33.9 1,328Northern 83.8 52.4 51.2 1,449 80.5 42.1 38.9 1,034Central 78.6 49.3 45.2 532 69.0 40.8 33.9 408Southern Highlands 76.9 54.6 48.4 1,297 68.4 50.3 40.4 1,046Lake 79.4 43.8 40.6 1,696 73.1 39.4 34.0 1,249Eastern 88.4 69.6 65.4 1,436 76.6 46.7 39.8 1,038Southern 87.6 53.1 49.8 942 81.9 48.9 45.2 660Zanzibar 85.2 60.0 58.4 309 82.8 50.4 47.2 212EducationNo education 69.2 35.9 33.8 1,983 61.1 28.4 25.0 829Primary incomplete 75.7 42.2 39.2 1,517 70.6 35.3 30.7 1,534Primary complete 85.7 59.2 55.3 4,945 75.8 46.5 40.0 3,597Secondary + 91.8 72.1 67.8 898 83.2 60.1 52.5 1,016Wealth quintileLowest 70.3 36.6 33.6 1,700 63.5 30.3 25.9 1,173Second 76.4 43.2 40.1 1,634 70.7 37.2 31.5 1,411Middle 79.9 47.1 44.1 1,757 74.1 43.5 37.6 1,322Fourth 83.7 58.3 53.8 1,867 77.4 50.0 43.7 1,395Highest 91.0 70.7 67.1 2,384 81.3 54.4 47.6 1,670Total 15-49 81.1 52.8 49.3 9,343 74.0 43.9 38.0 6,975na = Not applicable5.5 EXPOSURE TO MESSAGES ABOUT HIV/AIDSSeveral HIV/AIDS-related messages have been developed and aired through the mass mediaas part of interventions aimed at combating HIV/AIDS in Tanzania. In an effort to gauge the coverageof these messages, survey respondents were asked if they had ever watched specific television talkshows like “Femina” (and other programmes) in the 12 months preceding the survey.Results presented in Tables 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 indicate that women are less exposed to HIVeducation programmes on TV or radio than men. Only 47 percent of women have heard such aprogramme in the past 12 months, compared with 64 percent of men. However, there is a significanturban-rural differential, with 69 percent of women and 77 percent of men in urban areas having heardan HIV education programme compared with 39 percent of women and 60 percent of men in the ruralareas. Women and men in Eastern Zone are more likely to listen to radio and TV HIV/AIDS messagesthan those in other zones. Women and men in Dar es Salaam are more likely to have heard HIV/AIDSmessages than those in other regions and Zanzibar. Women and men in Shinyanga region are the leastlikely to have been exposed to HIV education messages on television or radio, followed by Manyararegion in Tanzania Mainland and Pemba Island for women and Mara and Manyara regions for men.The highest levels of exposure are observed in Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro, and Tanga regions forwomen and in Dar es Salaam, Rukwa, Kagera and Lindi regions for men.Education and economic status are related to exposure to HIV/AIDS messages. Women andmen with more education and those in higher wealth quintiles are more likely to have heard atelevision or radio message about HIV/AIDS than those with less education or in the lower wealthquintiles.Information about the specific HIV education programmes watched or heard was hamperedby the fact that about two-thirds of those who said they were exposed to such programmes did notknow the name of the programme. The programme mentioned most frequently was TuzungumzeUKIMWI (14 percent of women and 16 percent of men heard a program). Femina/Fema rankedsecond with 8 percent of women and 9 percent of men reporting that they watched the programme inthe 12 months preceding the survey. Other programmes like Afya ya Jamii, Jitambue and Simchezowere less commonly mentioned.HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge | 59
Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV education programmes: WomenPercentage of women age 15-49 who watched or heard an HIV education programme on TV or radio in the past 12 months, and percent distribution of thesewomen by specific HIV education programme watched or heard, according to background characteristics, Tanzania HMIS 2007-08BackgroundcharacteristicPercentageof womenwhowatched/heard HIVeducationprogrammeon TV orradio in past12 monthsNumberofwomenFemina/FemaSimchizoHIV education programme watched or heardAfya ya Tuzungumzejamii Jitambue UkimwiOtherDon'tknow/depends Missing TotalNumber ofwomen whoheard/watchedHIVeducationprogrammein past 12monthsAge15-19 45.5 1,984 9.4 1.7 4.5 4.4 12.7 0.0 67.0 0.3 100.0 90320-24 50.4 1,746 8.2 1.0 2.8 4.5 15.0 0.0 67.7 0.8 100.0 87925-29 52.5 1,603 8.8 0.5 2.9 2.5 14.0 0.1 71.2 0.0 100.0 84230-39 45.0 2,521 7.7 2.2 4.1 2.6 13.2 0.0 69.1 1.2 100.0 1,13440-49 42.5 1,488 4.1 0.9 3.5 3.0 13.4 0.0 74.2 1.0 100.0 633Marital statusEver had sex 56.4 983 14.0 2.1 5.4 7.0 12.5 0.0 58.6 0.3 100.0 554Never had sex 46.5 1,231 10.1 1.3 3.6 5.1 15.2 0.0 64.6 0.1 100.0 573Married/living together 46.0 5,983 6.0 1.2 3.5 2.5 13.6 0.0 72.3 0.8 100.0 2,750Divorced/separated/widowed 44.8 1,147 8.3 1.1 2.1 2.2 13.2 0.0 72.1 0.9 100.0 514Pregnancy statusPregnant 44.2 872 5.5 1.4 3.7 3.6 9.9 0.0 74.2 1.7 100.0 385Not pregnant ornot sure 47.3 8,456 8.0 1.3 3.6 3.3 14.0 0.0 69.1 0.6 100.0 4,001ResidenceUrban 68.6 2,459 13.6 2.2 5.7 5.5 12.6 0.0 59.9 0.5 100.0 1,686Rural 39.3 6,884 4.2 0.8 2.3 2.1 14.3 0.0 75.5 0.8 100.0 2,705Mainland/ZanzibarMainland 47.0 9,034 7.9 1.4 3.5 3.4 13.9 0.0 69.2 0.7 100.0 4,243Mainland – Urban 69.1 2,353 13.8 2.3 5.6 5.6 12.8 0.0 59.5 0.5 100.0 1,625Dar es Salaam City 78.7 762 16.6 3.2 5.6 8.4 12.3 0.0 53.9 0.0 100.0 599Other Urban 64.5 1,591 12.2 1.7 5.6 3.9 13.1 0.0 62.7 0.8 100.0 1,026Mainland – Rural 39.2 6,681 4.2 0.8 2.2 2.1 14.5 0.0 75.3 0.8 100.0 2,618Zanzibar 47.8 309 5.4 0.7 6.2 2.0 6.8 0.0 77.8 1.1 100.0 148Region/IslandArusha 36.3 383 23.4 8.7 7.0 2.8 13.0 0.0 43.7 1.4 100.0 139Dar es Salaam 78.0 797 16.5 3.3 5.6 8.2 12.0 0.0 54.4 0.0 100.0 621Dodoma 47.4 338 4.4 0.5 2.8 0.4 16.9 0.0 74.9 0.0 100.0 160Iringa 42.5 403 7.4 1.8 1.2 4.0 16.8 0.0 67.3 1.5 100.0 171Kagera 53.7 495 0.5 0.0 2.2 2.5 5.4 0.0 88.3 1.1 100.0 266Kigoma 41.1 414 4.2 0.0 2.5 2.9 21.8 0.0 67.3 1.3 100.0 170Kilimanjaro 61.8 379 5.8 0.0 7.9 9.2 26.6 0.0 50.2 0.4 100.0 234Lindi 42.9 246 5.2 2.3 6.5 0.7 34.7 0.0 50.5 0.0 100.0 105Manyara 26.9 263 6.6 1.0 6.0 0.9 10.1 0.0 72.7 2.6 100.0 71Mara 38.4 368 19.6 4.6 2.5 1.1 4.4 0.0 67.8 0.0 100.0 141Mbeya 50.2 581 2.5 1.8 2.8 6.4 16.0 0.0 68.3 2.2 100.0 292Morogoro 55.4 436 7.4 0.0 1.2 0.5 4.6 0.0 84.6 1.7 100.0 241Mtwara 50.5 324 3.0 0.8 2.5 0.0 26.1 0.0 66.3 1.4 100.0 164Mwanza 42.3 833 1.7 0.0 4.5 1.6 7.8 0.0 84.4 0.0 100.0 353Pwani 49.2 203 5.4 0.0 2.3 2.1 14.7 0.0 75.5 0.0 100.0 100Rukwa 39.4 314 0.0 0.0 2.6 3.5 9.2 0.7 84.1 0.0 100.0 123Ruvuma 49.8 372 4.7 0.5 2.2 1.7 14.3 0.0 75.8 0.9 100.0 185Shinyanga 19.2 750 2.2 2.3 0.9 0.0 3.1 0.0 90.7 0.7 100.0 144Singida 44.1 194 3.3 0.0 3.1 0.7 6.9 0.0 85.9 0.0 100.0 86Tabora 41.9 518 13.8 0.6 1.2 4.0 19.5 0.0 60.8 0.0 100.0 217Tanga 61.0 424 13.5 0.0 3.2 0.7 16.4 0.0 66.2 0.0 100.0 259Pemba 32.6 94 0.7 0.2 2.5 1.7 6.0 0.0 88.1 0.8 100.0 31Unguja 54.5 214 6.6 0.9 7.1 2.0 7.0 0.0 75.1 1.2 100.0 117ZoneWestern 31.6 1,682 7.6 0.9 1.5 2.6 15.8 0.0 71.0 0.6 100.0 532Northern 48.5 1,449 12.2 1.8 5.8 4.0 18.5 0.0 57.1 0.7 100.0 703Central 46.2 532 4.0 0.3 2.9 0.5 13.4 0.0 78.8 0.0 100.0 246Southern Highlands 45.2 1,297 3.4 1.4 2.3 5.0 14.8 0.1 71.3 1.5 100.0 586Lake 44.8 1,696 4.6 0.9 3.3 1.8 6.3 0.0 82.7 0.4 100.0 760Eastern 67.1 1,436 13.0 2.1 4.1 5.7 10.4 0.0 64.2 0.4 100.0 963Southern 48.2 942 4.2 1.0 3.3 0.8 23.3 0.0 66.5 0.9 100.0 454Zanzibar 47.8 309 5.4 0.7 6.2 2.0 6.8 0.0 77.8 1.1 100.0 148EducationNo education 24.5 1,983 4.5 0.8 1.9 1.4 13.3 0.2 78.0 0.0 100.0 487Primary incomplete 39.2 1,517 3.7 0.6 3.1 1.9 10.0 0.0 80.5 0.0 100.0 594Primary complete 53.2 4,945 6.7 1.4 3.2 3.0 13.6 0.0 71.1 1.0 100.0 2,630Secondary + 75.7 898 18.0 2.1 6.8 7.6 17.3 0.0 47.7 0.5 100.0 681Wealth quintileLowest 21.7 1,700 2.0 1.2 0.9 1.4 13.3 0.2 80.5 0.4 100.0 370Second 35.7 1,634 3.5 0.7 2.7 1.3 14.2 0.0 76.8 0.8 100.0 584Middle 43.2 1,757 3.6 0.6 2.3 1.9 11.9 0.0 79.3 0.3 100.0 759Fourth 50.7 1,867 4.1 0.6 3.0 2.7 14.8 0.0 73.4 1.5 100.0 946Highest 72.7 2,384 14.4 2.3 5.4 5.5 13.6 0.0 58.3 0.4 100.0 1,732Total 47.0 9,343 7.8 1.3 3.6 3.4 13.6 0.0 69.5 0.7 100.0 4,39160 | HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge
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TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
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The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
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3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
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12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
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Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
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Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
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FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
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HIV prevalence among youth (women a
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xxii | Map of Tanzania
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1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
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To assess levels and trends in know
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1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
Page 31 and 32: Table 1.1 Results of the household
Page 33 and 34: Figure 2.1 presents a graphic pictu
Page 35 and 36: Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
Page 37 and 38: Educational attainment is higher in
Page 39 and 40: 2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
Page 41 and 42: The most common items are agricultu
Page 43 and 44: The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
Page 45 and 46: Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 47 and 48: Education is positively related to
Page 49 and 50: Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
Page 51 and 52: Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
Page 53 and 54: 3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
Page 55 and 56: Polygyny also varies by household w
Page 57 and 58: Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
Page 59 and 60: There is a positive relationship be
Page 62 and 63: FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
Page 64 and 65: Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
Page 66 and 67: infertility, 1 or the inability to
Page 68 and 69: 4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 72: Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
Page 75 and 76: Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
Page 77 and 78: The use of condoms as an effective
Page 79 and 80: Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
Page 81: more education) and those in the fo
Page 85 and 86: 5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
Page 87 and 88: Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
Page 89 and 90: Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
Page 91 and 92: Stigma is also found to vary with l
Page 93 and 94: 6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
Page 96 and 97: HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
Page 98 and 99: Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 100 and 101: Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
Page 102 and 103: Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
Page 104 and 105: Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
Page 106 and 107: Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
Page 108 and 109: Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
Page 110 and 111: 7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
Page 112 and 113: Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
Page 114: Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
Page 117 and 118: Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
Page 119 and 120: Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
Page 121 and 122: Never-married women and men age 15-
Page 123 and 124: Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
Page 125 and 126: Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
Page 127 and 128: Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
Page 129 and 130: 8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
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HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
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Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
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Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
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Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
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There are large variations in HIV p
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Table 9.5 shows that men who are cu
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Women who said they had higher-risk
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Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
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Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
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INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
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As expected, the level of infant an
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category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
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11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
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carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
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11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
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11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
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11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
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11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
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11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
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In spite of steady increases in ITN
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ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
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12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
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12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
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While there are no differences in p
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Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
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Table 12.9 External support for orp
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REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-A
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SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
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Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
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Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
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Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
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Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
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Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
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Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
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Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
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Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
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Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
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Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
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Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
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Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
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Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
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Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
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Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
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Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
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Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
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Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
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Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
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216 | Appendix B
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Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
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QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
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213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
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