Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
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Table 5.4—Continued<strong>HIV</strong> can betransmitted bybreastfeedingWomenRisk ofMTCT canbe reducedby mothertaking specialdrugs duringpregnancy<strong>HIV</strong> can betransmitted bybreastfeeding<strong>and</strong> risk ofMTCT can bereduced bymother takingspecial drugsduringpregnancyNumberofwomen<strong>HIV</strong> can betransmitted bybreastfeedingMenRisk ofMTCT canbe reducedby mothertakingspecial drugsduringpregnancy<strong>HIV</strong> can betransmitted bybreastfeeding<strong>and</strong> risk ofMTCT can bereduced bymother takingspecial drugsduringpregnancyBackgroundcharacteristicNumberof menZoneWestern 74.2 45.9 42.8 1,682 68.3 39.6 33.9 1,328Northern 83.8 52.4 51.2 1,449 80.5 42.1 38.9 1,034Central 78.6 49.3 45.2 532 69.0 40.8 33.9 408Southern Highl<strong>and</strong>s 76.9 54.6 48.4 1,297 68.4 50.3 40.4 1,046Lake 79.4 43.8 40.6 1,696 73.1 39.4 34.0 1,249Eastern 88.4 69.6 65.4 1,436 76.6 46.7 39.8 1,038Southern 87.6 53.1 49.8 942 81.9 48.9 45.2 660Zanzibar 85.2 60.0 58.4 309 82.8 50.4 47.2 212EducationNo education 69.2 35.9 33.8 1,983 61.1 28.4 25.0 829Primary incomplete 75.7 42.2 39.2 1,517 70.6 35.3 30.7 1,534Primary complete 85.7 59.2 55.3 4,945 75.8 46.5 40.0 3,597Secondary + 91.8 72.1 67.8 898 83.2 60.1 52.5 1,016Wealth quintileLowest 70.3 36.6 33.6 1,700 63.5 30.3 25.9 1,173Second 76.4 43.2 40.1 1,634 70.7 37.2 31.5 1,411Middle 79.9 47.1 44.1 1,757 74.1 43.5 37.6 1,322Fourth 83.7 58.3 53.8 1,867 77.4 50.0 43.7 1,395Highest 91.0 70.7 67.1 2,384 81.3 54.4 47.6 1,670Total 15-49 81.1 52.8 49.3 9,343 74.0 43.9 38.0 6,975na = Not applicable5.5 EXPOSURE TO MESSAGES ABOUT <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>Several <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>-related messages have been developed <strong>and</strong> aired through the mass mediaas part of interventions aimed at combating <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> in <strong>Tanzania</strong>. In an effort to gauge the coverageof these messages, survey respondents were asked if they had ever watched specific television talkshows like “Femina” (<strong>and</strong> other programmes) in the 12 months preceding the survey.Results presented in Tables 5.5.1 <strong>and</strong> 5.5.2 indicate that women are less exposed to <strong>HIV</strong>education programmes on TV or radio than men. Only 47 percent of women have heard such aprogramme in the past 12 months, compared with 64 percent of men. However, there is a significanturban-rural differential, with 69 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 77 percent of men in urban areas having heardan <strong>HIV</strong> education programme compared with 39 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 60 percent of men in the ruralareas. Women <strong>and</strong> men in Eastern Zone are more likely to listen to radio <strong>and</strong> TV <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> messagesthan those in other zones. Women <strong>and</strong> men in Dar es Salaam are more likely to have heard <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>messages than those in other regions <strong>and</strong> Zanzibar. Women <strong>and</strong> men in Shinyanga region are the leastlikely to have been exposed to <strong>HIV</strong> education messages on television or radio, followed by Manyararegion in <strong>Tanzania</strong> Mainl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Pemba Isl<strong>and</strong> for women <strong>and</strong> Mara <strong>and</strong> Manyara regions for men.The highest levels of exposure are observed in Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro, <strong>and</strong> Tanga regions forwomen <strong>and</strong> in Dar es Salaam, Rukwa, Kagera <strong>and</strong> Lindi regions for men.Education <strong>and</strong> economic status are related to exposure to <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> messages. Women <strong>and</strong>men with more education <strong>and</strong> those in higher wealth quintiles are more likely to have heard atelevision or radio message about <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> than those with less education or in the lower wealthquintiles.Information about the specific <strong>HIV</strong> education programmes watched or heard was hamperedby the fact that about two-thirds of those who said they were exposed to such programmes did notknow the name of the programme. The programme mentioned most frequently was TuzungumzeUKIMWI (14 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 16 percent of men heard a program). Femina/Fema rankedsecond with 8 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 9 percent of men reporting that they watched the programme inthe 12 months preceding the survey. Other programmes like Afya ya Jamii, Jitambue <strong>and</strong> Simchezowere less commonly mentioned.<strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>-Related Knowledge | 59