Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

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Figure 3.1 shows that three-quarters of women in Tanzania are currently employed; another5 percent are not employed but worked in the past 12 months; and 20 percent did not work in the past12 months.Figure 3.1 Women’s Employment Status in thePast 12 MonthsCurrentlyemployed75%Not employedin past 12 months20%Not currentlyemployed, but wasin past 12 months5%THMIS 2007-083.5 ACCESS TO MASS MEDIAInformation access is essential to increasing people’s knowledge and awareness of what isgoing on around them that may eventually affect their perceptions and behaviour. For purposes ofplanning programmes to spread health information, it is important to identify the populations that arelikely to be reached by the media. In the THMIS survey, exposure to mass media was assessed byasking how often a respondent reads a newspaper, watches television, and listens to a radio. Tables3.4.1 and 3.4.2 show the percentage of women and men who are exposed to the three media at leastonce a week, by age and background characteristics.Table 3.4.1 shows that women are more likely to be exposed to the radio than to other typesof mass media. More than half (56 percent) of women are exposed to the radio, followed by 20percent who watch television, and 18 percent who read a newspaper. Only about 9 percent of womenare exposed to all three types of media. Four in ten women (40 percent) are not exposed to any type ofmass media.Younger women have more exposure to mass media than older women. Women withsecondary and higher education have more exposure to mass media than women with less education.For example, 63 percent of women with no education have no exposure to mass media compared with13 percent of women with secondary or higher education. Seventy-one percent of women in thelowest wealth quintile are not exposed to mass media compared with 10 percent of women in thehighest wealth quintile. As expected, urban residents are more exposed to mass media than ruralresidents. Across regions, respondents in Dar es Salaam are most likely to be exposed to mass media(93 percent).Characteristics of Respondents | 27
Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media: WomenPercentage of women age 15-49 who are exposed to specific media on a weekly basis, bybackground characteristics, Tanzania HMIS 2007-08BackgroundcharacteristicReads anewspaperat least oncea weekWatchestelevision atleast oncea weekListens toradio atleast oncea weekAll threemediaNomediaNumber ofwomenAge15-19 20.1 23.6 54.5 9.5 39.1 1,98420-24 18.8 23.7 60.1 10.0 35.4 1,74625-29 18.3 21.6 58.6 10.4 37.5 1,60330-34 18.8 18.8 55.6 8.9 39.7 1,34635-39 16.3 16.1 54.8 7.4 41.9 1,17540-44 14.0 14.6 53.3 7.5 44.1 77445-49 11.2 11.5 50.5 5.4 46.7 714ResidenceUrban 39.8 52.6 75.1 26.9 16.0 2,459Rural 9.8 8.3 49.2 2.5 48.0 6,884Region/IslandMainland 17.9 19.4 55.5 8.9 40.2 9,034Arusha 17.4 20.3 57.7 9.0 38.2 383Dar es Salaam 56.9 71.9 80.9 42.5 6.8 797Dodoma 12.6 10.4 52.1 3.5 44.2 338Iringa 10.9 8.5 51.6 3.6 44.7 403Kagera 6.7 5.2 49.4 1.9 49.5 495Kigoma 7.7 13.1 47.7 2.2 48.4 414Kilimanjaro 20.9 29.8 76.3 9.1 20.1 379Lindi 11.5 11.7 51.0 3.4 44.5 246Manyara 5.2 8.5 34.6 4.1 63.4 263Mara 26.6 21.4 53.7 11.8 40.0 368Mbeya 6.5 10.1 44.6 3.3 52.6 581Morogoro 23.8 24.3 71.7 13.1 25.2 436Mtwara 17.4 15.0 55.7 3.6 37.5 324Mwanza 16.6 15.1 53.5 7.3 41.6 833Pwani 21.4 18.8 74.4 10.4 24.8 203Rukwa 7.7 5.2 34.1 1.8 63.7 314Ruvuma 14.9 16.3 60.2 4.9 35.8 372Shinyanga 8.4 4.6 29.7 3.1 69.8 750Singida 8.0 6.8 46.3 2.6 51.2 194Tabora 17.4 20.1 60.9 7.4 34.6 518Tanga 23.2 23.6 72.7 7.6 20.7 424Zanzibar 11.4 37.9 72.8 7.7 21.8 309Pemba 7.6 15.4 54.9 2.4 40.0 94Unguja 13.1 47.9 80.7 10.1 13.8 214EducationNo education 0.5 6.2 36.1 0.2 62.9 1,983Primary incomplete 10.6 12.2 51.5 3.2 44.9 1,517Primary complete 22.0 21.6 61.1 10.1 33.5 4,945Secondary + 43.7 54.6 79.9 30.9 12.8 898Wealth quintileLowest 5.2 4.1 26.6 0.7 70.7 1,700Second 7.3 6.5 47.6 1.9 50.5 1,634Middle 9.1 5.3 50.1 1.6 46.4 1,757Fourth 14.8 11.4 63.5 3.7 32.8 1,867Highest 42.4 58.0 81.3 29.0 10.2 2,384Total 17.7 20.0 56.0 8.9 39.6 9,343Table 3.4.2 shows that 73 percent of men are exposed to radio, followed by 34 percent whowatch television, and 30 percent who read newspapers. Only 18 percent of men are exposed to allthree types of mass media, while 23 percent are not exposed to any type of media. Younger men,those who have secondary or higher education, and men in the highest wealth quintile have moreexposure to mass media than other men. Across geographical areas, men in urban areas have moreexposure to mass media than those in rural areas. Men in Dar es Salaam City have the highest level ofexposure to mass media (98 percent).28 | Characteristics of Respondents
Page 1 and 2: TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
Page 3 and 4: The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
Page 5 and 6: 3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
Page 7 and 8: 12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
Page 9 and 10: Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
Page 11 and 12: Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
Page 14: FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
Page 18 and 19: SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
Page 20 and 21: HIV prevalence among youth (women a
Page 23 and 24: xxii | Map of Tanzania
Page 25 and 26: 1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
Page 27 and 28: To assess levels and trends in know
Page 29 and 30: 1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
Page 31 and 32: Table 1.1 Results of the household
Page 33 and 34: Figure 2.1 presents a graphic pictu
Page 35 and 36: Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
Page 37 and 38: Educational attainment is higher in
Page 39 and 40: 2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
Page 41 and 42: The most common items are agricultu
Page 43 and 44: The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
Page 45 and 46: Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 47 and 48: Education is positively related to
Page 49: Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
Page 53 and 54: 3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
Page 55 and 56: Polygyny also varies by household w
Page 57 and 58: Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
Page 59 and 60: There is a positive relationship be
Page 62 and 63: FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
Page 64 and 65: Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
Page 66 and 67: infertility, 1 or the inability to
Page 68 and 69: 4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 72: Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
Page 75 and 76: Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
Page 77 and 78: The use of condoms as an effective
Page 79 and 80: Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
Page 81 and 82: more education) and those in the fo
Page 83 and 84: Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV educati
Page 85 and 86: 5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
Page 87 and 88: Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
Page 89 and 90: Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
Page 91 and 92: Stigma is also found to vary with l
Page 93 and 94: 6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
Page 96 and 97: HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
Page 98 and 99: Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
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Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
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Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
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Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
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Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
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7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
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Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
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Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
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Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
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Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
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Never-married women and men age 15-
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Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
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Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
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Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
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8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
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HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
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Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
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Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
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Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
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There are large variations in HIV p
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Table 9.5 shows that men who are cu
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Women who said they had higher-risk
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Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
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Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
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INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
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As expected, the level of infant an
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category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
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11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
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carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
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11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
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11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
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11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
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11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
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11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
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In spite of steady increases in ITN
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ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
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12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
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12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
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While there are no differences in p
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Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
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Table 12.9 External support for orp
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REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-A
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SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
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Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
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Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
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Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
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Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
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Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
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Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
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Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
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Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
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Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
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Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
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Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
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Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
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Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
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Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
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Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
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Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
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Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
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Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
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Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
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216 | Appendix B
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Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
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QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
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213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
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