Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS 22.1 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter provides a brief description of selected demographic and socio-economiccharacteristics of the sampled households and individual respondents interviewed. For respondents,this includes information on age, sex, residence, household headship, economic status, marital status,religion, and educational level. Information about the housing situation and characteristics of thewomen and men interviewed is essential for the interpretation of survey findings.The information presented in this chapter is intended to facilitate interpretation of the keydemographic, socio-economic, and health indices presented later in the report, and to assess therepresentativeness of the survey sample.In the 2007-08 THMIS, a household is defined as a person or a group of persons who livetogether and share a common cooking pot of food. This group of people can occupy part of, or all of abuilding, or may not necessarily live in the same building. To capture all the necessary informationabout households and individuals, two types of questionnaires, a Household Questionnaire and anIndividual Questionnaire, were administered. The household questionnaire was used to collectinformation on all usual residents and visitors who spent the night preceding the interview in thehousehold. This method allows calculation of either the de jure (usual residents) or de facto (thosewho were there at the time of the survey) population. The individual questionnaire was used tocapture detailed information about female and male respondents age 15 through 49.2.2 HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY AGE, SEX, AND RESIDENCEAge and sex are important demographic variables and are the primary basis of demographicclassification. Needs and services for a given population depend to a large extent on the age and sexstructure of the population. Age and sex have a strong effect on a population’s fertility, mortality, andnuptiality patterns. Table 2.1 gives the age and sex distribution of the de facto household populationby urban and rural residence.Table 2.1 Household population by age, sex, and residencePercent distribution of the de facto household population by five-year age groups, according to sex and residence,Tanzania HMIS 2007-08Urban Rural TotalAge Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
Figure 2.1 presents a graphic picture of the population distribution by age and sex. Thepopulation pyramid conforms to the pattern typical of a high-fertility population. The wide base of thepyramid reflects the young age structure of the Tanzanian population. The pattern is similar to the oneobserved in the 2002 Population and Housing Census, as well as other earlier surveys. There is anunusually large proportion of girls and boys age 10-14 relative to those age 15-19. It is likely that thisdiscrepancy is due to age misreporting. This pattern of age shifting has also been observed in otherhousehold surveys.AgeFigure 2.1 Population Pyramid80+75-7970-7465-6960-6455-5950-5445-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-2415-1910-145-90-4MaleFemale10 8 6 4 20 2 4 6 8 10PercentTHMIS 2007-082.3 HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITIONInformation on the composition of households, including the sex of the head of the householdand the size of the household, is presented in Table 2.2. These characteristics are important becausethey are associated with the welfare of the household. Female-headed households are, for example,typically poorer than male-headed households. In larger households, economic resources are oftenmore limited. Moreover, where the household size is large, crowding can lead to health problems.The data show that 76 percent of the households in Tanzania are headed by men. Thisproportion is lower than that found in the 2003-04 THIS (77 percent) (TACAIDS, NBS, and ORCMacro, 2005). Households with one or two members constitute 19 percent of all households. Smallhousehold sizes are more common in urban areas (26 percent) than in rural areas (17 percent). Thefour- and five-person households account for the largest proportion (15 percent each) of allhouseholds. The overall average household size of 5.0 is the same as that reported in the 2003-04THIS (TACAIDS, NBS and ORC Macro, 2005). Rural households are larger than urban households;the mean household size is 4.3 in urban areas and 5.2 in rural areas.About one in four Tanzanian households includes a foster child, that is, a child living in ahousehold with neither biological mother nor father present. Fourteen percent of households includesingle orphans (children with one parent deceased), and 2 percent of households include doubleorphans (children with both parents deceased). Overall, more than 31 percent of households includefoster and/or orphan children and the differentials by urban-rural residence are small. The largeproportion of households with foster children highlights the economic burden these children present.10 | Introduction
Page 1 and 2: TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
Page 3 and 4: The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
Page 5 and 6: 3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
Page 7 and 8: 12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
Page 9 and 10: Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
Page 11 and 12: Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
Page 14: FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
Page 18 and 19: SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
Page 20 and 21: HIV prevalence among youth (women a
Page 23 and 24: xxii | Map of Tanzania
Page 25 and 26: 1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
Page 27 and 28: To assess levels and trends in know
Page 29 and 30: 1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
Page 31: Table 1.1 Results of the household
Page 35 and 36: Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
Page 37 and 38: Educational attainment is higher in
Page 39 and 40: 2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
Page 41 and 42: The most common items are agricultu
Page 43 and 44: The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
Page 45 and 46: Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 47 and 48: Education is positively related to
Page 49 and 50: Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
Page 51 and 52: Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
Page 53 and 54: 3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
Page 55 and 56: Polygyny also varies by household w
Page 57 and 58: Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
Page 59 and 60: There is a positive relationship be
Page 62 and 63: FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
Page 64 and 65: Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
Page 66 and 67: infertility, 1 or the inability to
Page 68 and 69: 4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 72: Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
Page 75 and 76: Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
Page 77 and 78: The use of condoms as an effective
Page 79 and 80: Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
Page 81 and 82: more education) and those in the fo
Page 83 and 84:
Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV educati
Page 85 and 86:
5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
Page 87 and 88:
Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
Page 89 and 90:
Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
Page 91 and 92:
Stigma is also found to vary with l
Page 93 and 94:
6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
Page 96 and 97:
HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
Page 98 and 99:
Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 100 and 101:
Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
Page 102 and 103:
Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
Page 104 and 105:
Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
Page 106 and 107:
Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
Page 108 and 109:
Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
Page 110 and 111:
7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
Page 112 and 113:
Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
Page 114:
Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
Page 117 and 118:
Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
Page 119 and 120:
Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
Page 121 and 122:
Never-married women and men age 15-
Page 123 and 124:
Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
Page 125 and 126:
Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
Page 127 and 128:
Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
Page 129 and 130:
8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
Page 132 and 133:
HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
Page 134 and 135:
Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 136 and 137:
Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 138 and 139:
Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
Page 140 and 141:
There are large variations in HIV p
Page 142 and 143:
Table 9.5 shows that men who are cu
Page 144 and 145:
Women who said they had higher-risk
Page 146 and 147:
Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
Page 148 and 149:
Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
Page 150 and 151:
INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
Page 152 and 153:
As expected, the level of infant an
Page 154:
category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
Page 157 and 158:
11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
Page 159 and 160:
carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
Page 161 and 162:
11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
Page 163 and 164:
11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
Page 165 and 166:
11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
Page 167 and 168:
11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
Page 169 and 170:
11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
Page 171 and 172:
In spite of steady increases in ITN
Page 174 and 175:
ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
Page 176 and 177:
12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
Page 178 and 179:
12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
Page 180 and 181:
While there are no differences in p
Page 182 and 183:
Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
Page 184 and 185:
Table 12.9 External support for orp
Page 186 and 187:
REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-A
Page 188 and 189:
SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
Page 190 and 191:
Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
Page 192 and 193:
Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
Page 194:
Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
Page 197 and 198:
where h represents the stratum whic
Page 199 and 200:
Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
Page 201 and 202:
Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
Page 203 and 204:
Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
Page 205 and 206:
Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
Page 207 and 208:
Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
Page 209 and 210:
Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
Page 211 and 212:
Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
Page 213 and 214:
Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
Page 215 and 216:
Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
Page 217 and 218:
Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
Page 219 and 220:
Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
Page 221 and 222:
Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
Page 223 and 224:
Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
Page 225 and 226:
Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
Page 227 and 228:
Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
Page 229 and 230:
Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
Page 231 and 232:
Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
Page 233 and 234:
Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
Page 235 and 236:
Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
Page 237 and 238:
Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
Page 239 and 240:
216 | Appendix B
Page 241 and 242:
Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
Page 244:
QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
Page 247 and 248:
HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
Page 249 and 250:
IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
Page 251 and 252:
IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
Page 253 and 254:
HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
Page 255 and 256:
NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
Page 261 and 262:
NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
Page 263 and 264:
NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
Page 265 and 266:
CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
Page 267 and 268:
515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
Page 270 and 271:
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
Page 278 and 279:
LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
show all

Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?