Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

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REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-Achola, J.K. Kreiss, and N.S. Weiss. 2004. Risk of HIV-1 in rural Kenya: Acomparison of circumcised and uncircumcised men. Epidemiology 15(2): 157-163.Armstrong Schellenberg, J.R., R. Nathan, S. Abdulla, O. Mukasa, T.J. Marchant, M. Tanner, C.Lengeler. 2002. Risk factors for child mortality in rural Tanzania. Tropical Medicine andInternational Health 7(6): 506-511.Auvert, B., D. Taljaard, E. Lagarde, J. Sobngwi-Tambekou, R. Sitta, and A. Puren. 2005.Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk:The ANRS 1265 trial. PLoS Medicine 2(11): 1112-1122.Bureau of Statistics [Tanzania], and Macro International Inc. 1997. Tanzania Demographic andHealth Survey 1996. Calverton, Maryland: Bureau of Statistics and Macro International.Jamison, D., W.H. Mosley, A.R. Measham, and J.L. Bobadilla. 1993. Disease control priorities indeveloping countries. New York: Oxford University Press.Ministry of Health (MOH) [Tanzania]. 2004. Care and Treatment Plan 2003-2004. No.1. Dar esSalaam, Tanzania: MOH.Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) [Tanzania]. 2002. National Malaria Medium TermStrategic Plan 2002-2007, The Malaria Medium Term Strategic Plan. No.4. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania:MOHSW. 15-16.Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) [Tanzania]. 2006. National guidelines for malariadiagnosis and treatment 2006. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: NMCP.Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) [Tanzania]. 2008. Health sector performanceprofile report, Mainland Tanzania July 2006 - June 2007. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: MOHSW.Available at: http://www.moh.go.tz/documents/Health Sector Performance Profile Report Revision20-5-08.pdf.National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania]. 2002. Population and Housing Census 2002. Generalreport. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: National Bureau of Statistics.National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania], and Macro International Inc. 2000. TanzaniaReproductive and Child Health Survey 1999. Calverton, Maryland: National Bureau of Statistics andMacro International Inc.National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania], and ORC Macro. 2005. Tanzania Demographic andHealth Survey 2004-05. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: National Bureau of Statistics and ORC Macro.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). 2006. Adult male circumcisionsignificantly reduces risk of acquiring HIV. Press release (December 16). Washington, D.C.: NIAID.Ngallaba, S., S.H. Kapiga, I. Ruyobya, and J.T. Boerma. 1993. Tanzania Demographic and HealthSurvey 1991/1992. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Columbia, Maryland USA: Bureau of Statistics andMacro International Inc.References | 163
Prime Minister’s Office [Tanzania]. 2001. National Policy on HIV/AIDS. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania:United Republic of Tanzania.Rutstein, S. 1999. Wealth versus expenditure: Comparison between the DHS wealth index andhousehold expenditures in four departments of Guatemala. Calverton, Maryland: ORC Macro(unpublished).Rutstein, S., and K. Johnson. 2004. The DHS wealth index. DHS Comparative Report No. 6.Calverton, Maryland: ORC Macro.Rutstein, S., K. Johnson, and D. Gwatkin. 2000. Poverty, health inequality, and its health and demographiceffects. Paper presented at the 2000 annual meeting of the Population Association of America,Los Angeles, California.Steketee, R.W., B.L. Nahlen, M.E. Parise, and C. Menendez. 2001. The burden of malaria inpregnancy in malaria-endemic areas. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 64(1-2suppl.): 28-35.Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and ORC Macro.2005. Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey 2003-04. Calverton, Maryland, USA: TACAIDS, NBS,and ORC Macro.United Nations General Assembly. 2002. Road map towards the implementation of the UnitedNations Millennium Declaration: report of the Secretary-General. New York: United Nations,General Assembly. A/56/326.United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). 2005. Guide to monitoring and evaluation of the nationalresponse for children orphaned and made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS. New York: United NationsChildren’s Fund.United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). 2006. Child protection information sheets. New York:United Nations Children’s Fund.WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. 2004. Meeting theMDG drinking water and sanitation target: a mid-term assessment of progress. Geneva: WorldHealth Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund.WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. 2005. Water for life:making it happen. Geneva: World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund.Wolfe, B.L., and J.B. Behrman. 1987. Women’s schooling and children’s health: Are the effectsrobust with adult sibling control for the women’s background? Journal of Health Economics 6(3):239-254.164 | References
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TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
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The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
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3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
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12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
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Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
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Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
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FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
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HIV prevalence among youth (women a
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xxii | Map of Tanzania
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1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
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To assess levels and trends in know
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1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
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Table 1.1 Results of the household
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Figure 2.1 presents a graphic pictu
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Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
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Educational attainment is higher in
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2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
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The most common items are agricultu
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The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
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Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
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Education is positively related to
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Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
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Polygyny also varies by household w
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Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
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There is a positive relationship be
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FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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infertility, 1 or the inability to
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4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
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Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
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Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
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Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
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The use of condoms as an effective
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Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
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more education) and those in the fo
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Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV educati
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5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
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Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
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Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
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Stigma is also found to vary with l
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6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
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Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
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Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
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Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
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Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
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Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
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Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
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7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
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Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
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Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
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Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
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Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
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Never-married women and men age 15-
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Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
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Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
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Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
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8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
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HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
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Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 136 and 137: Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 138 and 139: Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
Page 140 and 141: There are large variations in HIV p
Page 142 and 143: Table 9.5 shows that men who are cu
Page 144 and 145: Women who said they had higher-risk
Page 146 and 147: Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
Page 148 and 149: Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
Page 150 and 151: INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
Page 152 and 153: As expected, the level of infant an
Page 154: category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
Page 157 and 158: 11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
Page 159 and 160: carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
Page 161 and 162: 11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
Page 163 and 164: 11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
Page 165 and 166: 11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
Page 167 and 168: 11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
Page 169 and 170: 11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
Page 171 and 172: In spite of steady increases in ITN
Page 174 and 175: ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
Page 176 and 177: 12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
Page 178 and 179: 12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
Page 180 and 181: While there are no differences in p
Page 182 and 183: Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
Page 184 and 185: Table 12.9 External support for orp
Page 188 and 189: SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
Page 190 and 191: Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
Page 192 and 193: Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
Page 194: Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
Page 197 and 198: where h represents the stratum whic
Page 199 and 200: Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
Page 201 and 202: Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
Page 203 and 204: Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
Page 205 and 206: Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
Page 207 and 208: Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
Page 209 and 210: Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
Page 211 and 212: Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
Page 213 and 214: Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
Page 215 and 216: Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
Page 217 and 218: Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
Page 219 and 220: Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
Page 221 and 222: Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
Page 223 and 224: Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
Page 225 and 226: Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
Page 227 and 228: Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
Page 229 and 230: Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
Page 231 and 232: Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
Page 233 and 234: Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
Page 235 and 236: Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
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Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
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216 | Appendix B
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Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
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QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
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213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
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