Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

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Table 9.5 shows that men who are currently in polygamous unions have a higher prevalenceof HIV than those who are not in polygamous unions or who are currently not in union. The reverse isseen among women; those who are not in union are more likely to be HIV positive than women in thetwo other groups.Overall, those who travel away from home frequently are more likely to be HIV positive thanthose who do not. Among women, those who travelled away from home five or more times in the past12 months were twice as likely to be HIV positive (12 percent) as those who did not travel away fromhome (6 percent). For men, the relationship is not as strong, however, prevalence of HIV is highestamong those who travelled away from home at least 5 times in the past 12 months. The length of timeaway from home does not seem to be related to HIV prevalence.Figure 9.4 Prevalence of HIV by Marital Status30 Percent Women Men Total25252720151513105022266106Never married Married/living together Divorced or separated WidowedMarital status** Figure for widowed men is suppressed because of the small number of cases.THMIS 2007-08HIV prevalence is slightly higher among women who are not pregnant or not sure of theirpregnancy status (7 percent) than among those who are pregnant (5 percent). This finding is importantbecause the national prevalence of HIV has been estimated using data obtained from antenatal clinics(ANC) and adjusted using prevalence obtained from population-based surveys. Comparison is alsoshown for women who gave birth in the three years before the survey and received ANC from either apublic or private source, as opposed to those who did not go for ANC or who did not give birth duringthe time period. Data show that women who attended ANC services provided by the government(public sector) are less likely to be HIV positive (5 percent) than those who either attended ANCprovided by a non-public sector (9 percent) or those who did not get ANC services or did not givebirth in the three years before the survey (8 percent).It is also interesting to note that men who are circumcised are less likely to be HIV positive (4percent) than those who have not been circumcised (6 percent).9.6 HIV PREVALENCE BY SEXUAL BEHAVIOURTable 9.6 examines the prevalence of HIV by selected indicators of sexual behaviour amongrespondents who have ever had sexual intercourse. In reviewing these results, it is important toremember that responses about sexual risk behaviour may be subject to reporting bias. Furthermore,HIV Prevalence | 119
on issues of HIV, sexual behaviour in the past 12 months may not adequately reflect lifetime sexualrisk or protection. Also, from the data, it is not possible to know the sequence of events, e.g., whethercondom use predates or postdates HIV transmission.Among women, results show a tendency for HIV prevalence to be lower for those whoinitiated sex at a later age. HIV prevalence is highest among women who first had sex before age 16(8 percent) and it decreases to 6 percent among women who delayed sex until age 20 or later. Amongmen there is no clear pattern.Table 9.6 HIV prevalence by sexual behaviourPercentage HIV positive among women and men age 15-49 who ever had sex and were tested for HIV, by sexual behaviourcharacteristics, Tanzania HMIS 2007-08Sexual behaviourcharacteristicWomen Men TotalPercentagePercentagePercentageHIV positive Number HIV positive Number HIV positiveNumberAge at first sexual intercourse
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TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
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The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
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3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
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12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
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Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
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Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
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FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
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HIV prevalence among youth (women a
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xxii | Map of Tanzania
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1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
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To assess levels and trends in know
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1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
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Table 1.1 Results of the household
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Figure 2.1 presents a graphic pictu
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Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
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Educational attainment is higher in
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2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
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The most common items are agricultu
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The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
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Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
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Education is positively related to
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Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
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Polygyny also varies by household w
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Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
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There is a positive relationship be
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FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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infertility, 1 or the inability to
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4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
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Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
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Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
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Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
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The use of condoms as an effective
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Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
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more education) and those in the fo
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Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV educati
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5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
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Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
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Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
Page 91 and 92: Stigma is also found to vary with l
Page 93 and 94: 6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
Page 96 and 97: HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
Page 98 and 99: Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 100 and 101: Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
Page 102 and 103: Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
Page 104 and 105: Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
Page 106 and 107: Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
Page 108 and 109: Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
Page 110 and 111: 7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
Page 112 and 113: Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
Page 114: Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
Page 117 and 118: Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
Page 119 and 120: Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
Page 121 and 122: Never-married women and men age 15-
Page 123 and 124: Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
Page 125 and 126: Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
Page 127 and 128: Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
Page 129 and 130: 8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
Page 132 and 133: HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
Page 134 and 135: Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 136 and 137: Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 138 and 139: Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
Page 140 and 141: There are large variations in HIV p
Page 144 and 145: Women who said they had higher-risk
Page 146 and 147: Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
Page 148 and 149: Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
Page 150 and 151: INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
Page 152 and 153: As expected, the level of infant an
Page 154: category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
Page 157 and 158: 11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
Page 159 and 160: carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
Page 161 and 162: 11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
Page 163 and 164: 11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
Page 165 and 166: 11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
Page 167 and 168: 11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
Page 169 and 170: 11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
Page 171 and 172: In spite of steady increases in ITN
Page 174 and 175: ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
Page 176 and 177: 12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
Page 178 and 179: 12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
Page 180 and 181: While there are no differences in p
Page 182 and 183: Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
Page 184 and 185: Table 12.9 External support for orp
Page 186 and 187: REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-A
Page 188 and 189: SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
Page 190 and 191: Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
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Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
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Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
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Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
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Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
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Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
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Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
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Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
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Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
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Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
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Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
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Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
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Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
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Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
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Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
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Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
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Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
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Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
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Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
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216 | Appendix B
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Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
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QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
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213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
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