Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS

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8.4 CONDOM USE AT FIRST SEXAlong with the postponement of first sexual intercourse, early and consistent use of condomsis a means of preventing youths from becoming infected with HIV. To assess the extent of condomuse from the beginning of sexual exposure, respondents were asked whether they used a condom thefirst time they had sex. Since condom use is often viewed with stigma in Tanzania, there may havebeen underreporting of condom use.Twenty-four percent of women and 29 percent of men age 15-24 in Tanzania used a condomthe first time they had sex (Table 8.3). Interestingly, women age 15-19 years are more likely thanthose age 20-24 to use a condom at their first sex (33 and 19 percent, respectively). Among men, thereis no consistent pattern in the use of condoms at their first sex by age.Table 8.3 Condom use at first sexual intercourse among youthAmong young women and young men age 15-24 who have ever had sexual intercourse,percentage who used a condom the first time they had sexual intercourse, by backgroundcharacteristics, Tanzania HMIS 2007-08BackgroundcharacteristicWomen age 15-24 Men age 15-24Number ofwomen who Percentage whohave ever used a condomhad sexual at first sexualintercourse intercoursePercentage whoused a condomat first sexualintercourseNumber ofmen whohave everhad sexualintercourseAge15-19 33.4 910 29.7 62915-17 37.0 431 23.8 29918-19 30.2 479 34.9 33020-24 19.2 1,622 28.1 94420-22 23.1 976 30.1 60423-24 13.3 647 24.6 340Marital statusNever married 50.1 730 32.9 1,173Ever married 13.8 1,802 16.5 399Knows condom source 1Yes 30.4 1,752 30.4 1,435No 10.6 780 11.4 138ResidenceUrban 38.7 668 42.8 362Rural 19.1 1,864 24.5 1,211Mainland/ZanzibarMainland 24.6 2,486 28.9 1,551Mainland – Urban 39.3 651 43.5 354Dar es Salaam City 46.1 197 53.9 109Other Urban 36.3 454 38.8 245Mainland – Rural 19.3 1,835 24.6 1,197Zanzibar 10.4 46 14.8 22ZoneWestern 16.1 559 11.2 346Northern 25.7 334 29.6 207Central 23.0 125 25.0 105Southern Highlands 19.0 310 31.9 228Lake 23.7 488 26.9 272Eastern 39.0 393 49.8 205Southern 28.2 277 39.5 188Zanzibar 10.4 46 14.8 22EducationNo education 7.1 583 14.5 192Primary incomplete 22.0 425 21.9 417Primary complete 26.9 1,300 30.6 717Secondary + 58.4 224 45.9 247Wealth quintileLowest 10.8 462 14.7 257Second 16.8 484 18.0 349Middle 18.9 486 26.1 303Fourth 28.7 475 37.0 329Highest 41.1 625 45.0 334Total 24.3 2,532 28.7 1,5731Friends, family members, and home are not considered sources for condoms.Youth and HIV/AIDS | 97
Never-married women and men age 15-24, and those living in urban areas, are much morelikely to use a condom the first time they had sex than ever-married and rural youths. Similarly, youngwomen and men in Mainland Tanzania are about twice as likely to have used a condom the first timethey had sex as those in Zanzibar. Young women and men in Dar es Salaam and other urban areas aremore likely than those in other areas to use a condom at first sex.There is a strong positive relationship between condom use at first sex and level of educationand household wealth status. Figure 8.2 shows that 58 percent of women with at least secondaryeducation used a condom the first time they had sex, compared with 7 percent of young women withno education.Figure 8.2 Condom Use at First Sexual Intercourseamong Youth 15-24, by Education58464080 Percent Women Men6020152222273170No education Primary incomplete Primary complete Secondary+EducationTHMIS 2007-088.5 PREMARITAL SEXBecause the period between first sexual intercourse and marriage is often a time of sexualexperimentation, youths are often at greater risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections,including HIV/AIDS during this time; they are more likely to have shorter relationships with morepartners before marriage. Table 8.4 shows the percentage of never-married young women and menage 15-24 who have not yet engaged in sex, the percentage who had sex in the 12 months precedingthe survey, and the percentage who used a condom at their most recent sexual intercourse.About six in ten (62 percent) never-married young women in Tanzania reported that they havenever had sex, compared with 53 percent of men. The proportion of unmarried women who havenever had sex drops rapidly from 70 percent for those age 15-19 to 31 percent for those age 20-24.For men in these age groups, the corresponding figures are 66 and 26 percent, respectively).Never-married women age 15-24 are slightly less likely than never-married men of the sameage to say that they had sex in the 12 months preceding the survey (30 percent compared with 33percent). Condom use during premarital sex is high; 49 percent of women and men reported that theyused a condom the last time they had sex.98 | Youth and HIV/AIDS
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TanzaniaHIV/AIDS and MalariaIndicat
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The 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and M
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3.5 Access to Mass Media ..........
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12.2 Orphans and Vulnerable Childre
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Table 4.3Table 4.4Table 4.5Table 4.
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Figure 9.2 HIV Prevlence by Region/
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FOREWORDThis report presents the ma
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 2007-08 Tanz
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HIV prevalence among youth (women a
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xxii | Map of Tanzania
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1.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON HIV/AIDSIn r
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To assess levels and trends in know
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1.8 FIELDWORKData collection was ca
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Table 1.1 Results of the household
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Figure 2.1 presents a graphic pictu
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Table 2.3.1 Educational attainment
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Educational attainment is higher in
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2.5.1 Energy SourcesTable 2.5 prese
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The most common items are agricultu
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The 2007-08 THMIS included aquestio
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Table 3.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
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Education is positively related to
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Table 3.3.2 Employment status: MenP
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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3.6 CURRENT MARITAL STATUSMarriage
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Polygyny also varies by household w
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Four in ten women age 20-49 marry b
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There is a positive relationship be
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FERTILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 4
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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infertility, 1 or the inability to
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4.3 ADOLESCENT FERTILITYAdolescent
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.7 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 72: Table 4.8 Place of antenatal carePe
Page 75 and 76: Table 5.1 Knowledge of AIDSPercenta
Page 77 and 78: The use of condoms as an effective
Page 79 and 80: Table 5.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge
Page 81 and 82: more education) and those in the fo
Page 83 and 84: Table 5.5.1 Exposure to HIV educati
Page 85 and 86: 5.6 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNI
Page 87 and 88: Table 5.6.2 Knowledge and attitudes
Page 89 and 90: Table 6.1.1 Accepting attitudes tow
Page 91 and 92: Stigma is also found to vary with l
Page 93 and 94: 6.3 ATTITUDES OF ADULTS TOWARDS EDU
Page 96 and 97: HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR 77.1 INT
Page 98 and 99: Table 7.2.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 100 and 101: Figure 7.1 Recent Sexual Intercours
Page 102 and 103: Table 7.3.2 Multiple sexual partner
Page 104 and 105: Table 7.4 Payment for sexual interc
Page 106 and 107: Table 7.5.1 Coverage of prior HIV t
Page 108 and 109: Figure 7.2 Prior HIV Testing by Edu
Page 110 and 111: 7.7 PREVALENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
Page 112 and 113: Figure 7.3 Prevalence of STIs and S
Page 114: Table 7.8 Prevalence of medical inj
Page 117 and 118: Table 8.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
Page 119: Table 8.2 Age at first sexual inter
Page 123 and 124: Figure 8.3 Condom Use at Premarital
Page 125 and 126: Table 8.5.2 Higher-risk sexual inte
Page 127 and 128: Table 8.6 Age-mixing in sexual rela
Page 129 and 130: 8.9 HIV TESTING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLEK
Page 132 and 133: HIV PREVALENCE 99.1 INTRODUCTIONPri
Page 134 and 135: Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 136 and 137: Table 9.1—ContinuedBackgroundchar
Page 138 and 139: Table 9.3 HIV prevalence by ageAmon
Page 140 and 141: There are large variations in HIV p
Page 142 and 143: Table 9.5 shows that men who are cu
Page 144 and 145: Women who said they had higher-risk
Page 146 and 147: Table 9.8 shows data on HIV prevale
Page 148 and 149: Table 9.11 HIV prevalence by male c
Page 150 and 151: INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 1010.1 I
Page 152 and 153: As expected, the level of infant an
Page 154: category (1.41) is 41 percent highe
Page 157 and 158: 11.1 OWNERSHIP AND USE OF MOSQUITO
Page 159 and 160: carrying mosquitoes. Much of the fi
Page 161 and 162: 11.2 USE OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DURI
Page 163 and 164: 11.3 TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH FEV
Page 165 and 166: 11.4.1 Type and Timing of Antimalar
Page 167 and 168: 11.4.2 Availability of Drug at Home
Page 169 and 170: 11.6 SOURCE OF MOSQUITO NETSUntil l
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In spite of steady increases in ITN
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ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 12P
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12.2 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDRE
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12.3.1 School Attendance by Survivo
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While there are no differences in p
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Table 12.7 Widows dispossessed of p
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Table 12.9 External support for orp
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REFERENCESAgot, K.E., J.O. Ndinya-A
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SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAPPENDIX AAppe
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Table A.2 Sample implementation: Me
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Table A.4 Coverage of HIV testing a
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Table A.6 Coverage of HIV testing a
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table B.2 Sampling errors for Natio
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Table B.4 Sampling errors for Rural
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Table B.6 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.8 Sampling errors for Mainl
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Table B.10 Sampling errors for Zanz
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Table B.12 Sampling errors for Nort
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Table B.14 Sampling errors for Sout
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Table B.16 Sampling errors for East
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Table B.18 Sampling errors for Dodo
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Table B.20 Sampling errors for Kili
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Table B.22 Sampling errors for Moro
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Table B.24 Sampling errors for Dar
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Table B.26 Sampling errors for Mtwa
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Table B.28 Sampling errors for Irin
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Table B.30 Sampling errors for Sing
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Table B.32 Sampling errors for Rukw
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Table B.34 Sampling errors for Shin
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Table B.36 Sampling errors for Mwan
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Table B.38 Sampling errors for Many
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Table B.40 Sampling errors for Pemb
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216 | Appendix B
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Joyce MbambaYulitha MwakasoleRemigi
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QUESTIONNAIRESAppendix DAppendix D
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULEIntroduction and
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSIF AGE 5 YEARS OR
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IF AGE 0-17 YEARSLINE SICK CARE SUR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSNO. QUESTI
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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SUPPORT FOR SICK PEOPLENO. QUESTION
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSSUPPORT FOR
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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515 CHECK 509:NUMBER OF CHILDREN WI
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIATANZANIA
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213 214 215 216217 218219 220221222
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 7 - HIV TESTTHIS PAGE TO BE
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