Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey ... - Measure DHS
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voluntary counselling <strong>and</strong> testing (VCT) sites across the country <strong>and</strong> encourages their use by thegeneral population. To assess the awareness <strong>and</strong> coverage of <strong>HIV</strong> testing services, THMISrespondents were asked whether they had ever been tested for <strong>HIV</strong>. If they said that they had beentested, respondents were asked when they were most recently tested, whether they had received theresults of their last test, <strong>and</strong> where they had been tested. If they had never been tested, they were askedif they knew a place where they could go to be tested.As shown in Tables 7.5.1 <strong>and</strong> 7.5.2, the vast majority of <strong>Tanzania</strong>n adults know where to getVCT. Eighty-one percent of women <strong>and</strong> 86 percent of men said they know where to get an <strong>HIV</strong> test.However, most people in the country have not been tested <strong>and</strong> consequently do not know their<strong>HIV</strong> status. As shown in Tables 7.5.1 <strong>and</strong> 7.5.2, only 37 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 27 percent of menhave ever been tested <strong>and</strong> received results. A small proportion (4 percent of women <strong>and</strong> 3 percent ofmen) were tested but never received their test results. One in five women <strong>and</strong> men (19 percent) weretested <strong>and</strong> received their results in the 12 months before the survey. These results point to the need tokeep encouraging the general population to know their health status through available VCT sitesacross the country.Utilization of VCT services is higher among urban residents <strong>and</strong> increases with level ofeducation <strong>and</strong> wealth quintile among both women <strong>and</strong> men (Figure 7.2). Residents of Eastern Zoneare most likely to have ever been tested <strong>and</strong> received results, while women in Zanzibar <strong>and</strong> men in theLake Zone are least likely.Overall, the proportion of women <strong>and</strong> men age 15-49 who have been tested for <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>and</strong>received results in the 12 months before the survey has increased from 5 percent of women <strong>and</strong>7 percent of men reported in the 2003-04 THIS to 19 percent of women <strong>and</strong> men reported in the2007-08 THMIS.It is assumed that all pregnant women should be counselled about <strong>HIV</strong> during antenatal care(ANC) <strong>and</strong> offered an <strong>HIV</strong> test. Currently, treatment exists that can significantly reduce the chancesof an infant becoming infected with <strong>HIV</strong> from an <strong>HIV</strong>-positive mother during childbirth. Wheretreatment is not available, referral systems are in place <strong>and</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>-positive mothers should receivecounselling on best practices for their new baby <strong>and</strong> on future pregnancy choices. These actions areimportant in reducing the likelihood of <strong>HIV</strong>-positive women passing the virus to their children duringpregnancy, during delivery, or through breastfeeding. It is necessary to encourage pregnant women tobe tested so that they know their own <strong>HIV</strong> status.82 | <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>-Related Behaviour