Security for Railways and Metros - Ansaldo STS

Security for Railways and Metros

Security for Railways and MetrosSecurity Management SystemRailways and Metros worldwide share a set ofcharacteristics that make them very vulnerable to possibleattacks, from simple vandalism to terrorism. Thosecharacteristics are:• High volume of passengers• Openness and accessibility• Underground environments• Valuable assets distributed in remote sites• Multiple stakeholdersToday, the most critical challenge for world-class railwaysand metros is enhancing their level of security, whilekeeping their attributes of openness, extensiveness,accessibility, and affordability.The concept of Security for Railways and Metros may bedefined as monitoring and protecting the infrastructure(stations, tunnels, rolling stock, bridges, viaducts, depots,yards, etc), and the users against:• Aggressions and antisocial behaviors• Thefts, vandalism and graffitism• Sabotage and terrorism• Unauthorized access to restricted areasSecurity Goals: Protect, Prevent, Preserve• Ensure the security of passengers at stations and onboard trains• Ensure the security of personnel• Protect critical assets• Protect the signaling and traffic control systems (IT andTelecoms)• Safeguard continuous operabilityWhile security can never be absolute, a security systemhas a very effective preventive, reassuring and deterrentfunction: a station will be less subject to possible threatsif it appears as a more secure place.Security Management System is an intelligent softwareapplication allowing for the review, analysis, control,command and follow up of all security installations in onesingle, user-friendly interface.It is the core application of any Railway or Metro Securitysystem made by Ansaldo STS.It is designed as a fully integrated control/commandcenter where relevant events detected by the local/peripheral subsystems are received and managed by theoperators.Ansaldo STS Security ConceptAnsaldo STS follows a holistic approach to security in rail-based transportation which is made up of three main buildingblocks:• Risk Analysis• Security Management System• Design and Integration of monitoring subsystemsRisk AnalysisAn in-depth activity of Risk Analysis of the infrastructure tobe protected (from a station to a complete railway or metroline including depots and/or yards) is necessary in orderto evaluate the possible threats and to plan the mostsuitable measures and actions to reduce the risks. Theconcept of risk is represented by the combination of threemain factors: threats and their expected frequency, systemvulnerability with respect to the threats, and expectedconsequences of the threats.A Risk Assessment, performed after a field inspectionthrough site surveys, is aimed at the identification of thesignificant attack scenarios and their related risk indexes.Risk Management, as a second step, is aimed atevaluating the impact, in terms of risk reduction, of thedifferent protection solutions.These activities may be complemented at a later stagewith full educational training of employees workingdirectly in the system because it is those in touch withthe everyday reality of a transportation infrastructure thatare capable of identifying before anyone else the possiblesigns of an atypical situation.SMS supplies to operators only the information relevantto activated “real” threats, minimizing the risk of falsealarms and therefore optimizing security resources andResponse Time of countermeasures. It also suppliesthe related emergency procedures, as agreed with theclient or as per best market practices, and allows for thevisualization of both the video streams associated with thealarms (automatically selected) and the ones selected bythe operator.At a glance, the main advantages of SMS are:• Shared, hierarchical and multi level architecture• Security management performed• “Rules engines” usedat local level for the integration ofsecurity subsystems• Integration with security subsystems already in place &train control solutions• Animated graphical maps for alarmed sensors /cameras• Intelligent and easy to use operators tools• Event (alarms and user actions) reports• Emergency management with step-by-step operationsmonitoring• Tailored specifically for railways and mass transit2 3

Subsystems and technologies integrated via SMSIntelligent Video SurveillanceIntrusion Detection and Access Control subsystemsAnti Intrusion and Access Control subsystems are devotedto detect violation of restricted areas which should beaccessible only to authorized personnel (e.g. control rooms).This is achieved by means of personal identification devices(e.g. proximity badges, biometric identification) and sensorsbased on different technologies (e.g. infrared barriers,magnetic contacts, volumetric detectors, etc.) acquired byperipheral subsystems and managed by SMS.Intelligent video analysis is provided by a sophisticated image processing subsystem, which is able to produce a real-timeelaboration of the pictures captured by the CCTV equipments.Event detection is based on image processing and techniques which are able to identify and automatically tabulate (bycomparison with the background) objects and individuals detected in the scene.Spot events detection (unattended luggage, track crossing, abnormal behaviors, overcrowding, graffiti etc.) will beautomatic: the system will send an alert to the operator, giving information about the kind of event observed andautomatically displaying the associated video stream.Under Vehicle Scanner, X-ray Baggage and Personal Screening subsystemsUnder Vehicle Inspection Systems are generally located at the entrances of railway stations parking lots. They are usedto inspect the undercarriage of all vehicles entering the station and for license plate recognition. After x-ray screening, theinspected vehicles are permitted to proceed to the parking area.Personal and Baggage Screening Systems are generally located at the entrance gates of station platforms and are usedto screen passengers and their baggage before allowing access inside.CBRNe subsystemsChemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive Detection subsystems are located at the entrance of stationsand at the main public areas. They are used to screen passengers and to detect the presence of the above-mentioneddangerous agents.Intelligent Sound DetectionThe abnormal sound detection system ensures an intelligent acoustic monitoring in vulnerable environments such asrailway or metro stations. The system is based on the calculus and analysis of acoustic features acquired by highlysensible microphones which allow to detect the localization of abnormal acoustic eventslike gunshots, screams, explosions, broken glasses and graffiti.The anomalous sound detection system can contribute significantly to detect in real timerisks or dangerous situations as aggressions or vandalism. Indeed, it allows to recognizeevents that, given their peculiar characteristics, video surveillance systems cannot detect.4 5

Worldwide Security ReferencesAnsaldo STS has been active in the development of proprietary technologies and integration of state of the artcomponents creating best in class security systems. With over 150 years of experience working with the most demandingRailway and Metro authorities, Ansaldo STS is particularly specialized in providing security solutions for rail systems of allkinds and size, anywhere in the world.Some of our references in Security include the following:• MetroCampania NordEst - “Piscinola-Aversa Centro” Security System, Italy: system for the management of Security in theoverall Naples Metro areaMetroCampania North-East Metro Line. Naples, Italy.It is a new metro line connecting suburbs close to Naples.The system consists of a two level architecture (Local Control Rooms and a Central Control Room) with the integration ofseveral subsystems.The MetroCampania Security System will comprehensively protect 5 stations. Each station will have a Local SecurityOperator with jurisdiction on a security area gathering several sub-areas inside or nearby the station (halls, platforms,tunnels, technical rooms, elevators, escalators).About 500 cameras will guarantee an extensive coverage of critical assets in public areas. Most video streams areanalyzed using powerful algorithms (unattended objects, yellow line crossing, overcrowding, etc.) which automatically alertthe operators about detected events.Restricted access areas feature multi-sensor intrusion detection and access control devices, including proximity cardreaders, volumetric detectors and vibration detection cables. Active IR barriers are used in combination with videoanalytics in order to protect tunnel portals from intrusions while minimizing false alarms due to trains crossing.In addition, an abnormal sound detection subsystem automatically detects and notify screams, glass breaks andgunshots thanks to microphones installed in all stations.All the security information is integrated in and provided to the local and central operators using a user-friendly softwareinterface of the Security Management System (SMS).CCTV Standard Platform for Italian Railways, RFI• CCTV Standard Platform for RFI (Italian Railways): order for developing, installing and maintaining a centralized commandand control system for security managers (one national center and 13 regional centers)• Circumvesuviana – “Boscoreale-Boscotrecase” Security System, Italy: system for the management of Security in localstation• SCC Palermo Security System, Italy: system for the protection of assets controlled by SCC Palermo system (Sicily Railnetwork centralized control system)• Security for Copenhagen Cityringen Driverless Metro Line: order for an integrated security system for the new circle lineof Copenhagen• Security for Libyan Railways: Security Management System for the command and control of video surveillance, antiintrusion,access control and fire detection systemsThe CCTV Platform manages security at local, regional and national levels for the entire Italian Railways network. It iscurrently being developed based upon the Security Management System of Ansaldo STS.The system manages all the CCTV sub-systems, including local cameras, 13 regional control rooms and a central roombased in Rome.The security system protects more than250 critical assets using 6000 camerasmonitored and recorded in real-time.Analysis of the video uses state-of-art videoanalytics and alarms, which are displayedon the operator console.Ansaldo STS is the system integrator andCommand and Control system providerfor this ambitious project, that, whencompleted, will assure security protectionfor the entire Italian Railways network.6 7

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