Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres

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Temperate homegardens of small alpine farmers in Eastern Tyrol (Austria) Temperate homegardens of small alpine farmers in Eastern Tyrol (Austria): Their value for maintaining and enhancing biodiversity 1 B. VOGL-LUKASSER 2 and CH. R. VOGL 3 Eastern Tyrol (Lienz district) is located in the Eastern Alps of Austria and characterised by a multifunctional cultural and natural landscape. Homegardens are an integral part of this mountainous landscape. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in 1997 and 1998 in 196 gardens on farms, at elevations between 600 and 1.600 m above sea level (VOGL-LUKASSER 2000; VOGL-LUKASSER et al. 2002). Subsistence farming was primarily based on arable crops, alpine hay meadows and grazing grounds until the 1970s. Homegardens provided only a small number of species (mean ca. 10 per garden); throughout the region in total 51 species were grown. Since the 1970s, cultivation of field vegetables, cereals and fibre crops is in decline. As a parallel process, women actively enrich diversity in gardens and a remarkable increase of the number of species grown can be observed (mean 42 per garden; throughout the region in total 587). Species are introduced not only from the surrounding agroecosystems, where biodiversity is eroding, but also from natural ecosystems or markets. In addition, women retain the main part of species and varieties traditionally grown in homegardens. Of these 587 species, 79 have some kind of endangered status according to the Austrian Red List (NIKLFELD and SCHRATT-EHRENDORFER 1999). 39 cultivated species can be classified, according to LOHMEYER (1981), as cultivation in danger of decline in Central Europe. Traditional perennial garden species were passed on by predecessors at 77% of the farms. Local varieties of 16 annual or biannual species are passed on as seeds and are cultivated in gardens and fields at 21% of the farms examined. Homegardens in Eastern Tyrol can be seen as a place of importance for the in situ conservation of traditional farming techniques of certain plant genetic resources. 1 Full text will be published in: Proceedings of the workshop “Contribution of home gardens to in situ conservation of plant genetic resources in farming systems”, 17-19 July 2001, Witzenhausen, Germany. IPGRI, Rome, Italy. 2 Hamerlinggasse 12 A-2340 Mödling, Austria 3 University of Agricultural Sciences Institute for Organic Farming Vienna, Austria 338
References B. VOGL-LUKASSER and CH. R. VOGL LOHMEYER, W. (1981): Liste der schon vor 1900 in Bauerngärten der Gebiete beiderseits des Mittel- und südlichen Niederrheins kultivierten Pflanzen. In: Aus Liebe zur Natur. Stiftung zum Schutze gefährdeter Pflanzen 3: 109-131. Bonn, Germany. NIKLFELD, H. and L. SCHRATT-EHRENDORFER (1999): Rote Liste gefährdeter Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Österreichs. In: NIKLFELD, H.: Rote Liste gefährdeter Pflanzen Österreichs (2. Auflage) 33-151. Grüne Reihe des BMUJF 10, Vienna, Austria. VOGL-LUKASSER, B. (2000): Studien zur funktionalen Bedeutung bäuerlicher Hausgärten in Osttirol basierend auf Artenzusammensetzung und ethnobotanischen Analysen. Dissertation, Universität Wien. VOGL-LUKASSER, B., C.R. VOGL and H. BOLHAR-NORDENKAMPF (2002): Homegarden composition on small peasant farms in the Alpine regions of Eastern Tyrol (Austria) and their role in sustainable rural development. In: STEPP, J.R. WYNDHAM, F.S. and R.K. ZARGER (Eds.), Ethnobiology and Biocultural Diversity. University of Georgia Press, USA. 339
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Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen
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Preface Preface In October 2001, th
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Preface Asia. M. CHAUVET (Montpelli
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Table of contents Table of contents
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Table of contents Utilisation of pl
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Table of contents Federal Informati
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Recollections of Rudolf Mansfeld Af
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Recollections of Rudolf Mansfeld Ma
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Recollections of Rudolf Mansfeld MA
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R. Mansfeld’s scientific influenc
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History of Plant Genetic Resources
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History of Plant Genetic Resources
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Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricult
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The "Mansfeld Database" in its nati
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The "Mansfeld Database" in its nati
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A Species Compendium for Plant Gene
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Some notes on problems of taxonomy
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Theoretical and practical problems
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Development of Vavilov’s concept
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Multiple domestications and their t
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Ethnobotanical studies on cultivate
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Inventorying food plants in France
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The neglected diversity of immigran
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Unconscious selection in plants und
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R. V. BOTHMER, TH. V. HINTUM, H. KN
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Diversity of African vegetable Sola
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Molecular diversity studies in two
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The history of the medieval vegetab
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Paintings from the 16 th to 18 th c
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Sugar beets and related wild specie
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Utilisation of plant genetic resour
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Proof of long-term stored potato ge
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Structure of table ScientificName L
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Genebank work for preservation of t
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Genebank work for preservation of t
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206 S. CHEBOTAR, M.S. RÖDER, V. KO
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Molecular diversity in the genus Am
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A. DIEDERICHSEN, D. KESSLER, P. KUS
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A. DIEDERICHSEN, D. KESSLER, P. KUS
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D. ENNEKING and H. KNÜPFFER Fishin
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References D. ENNEKING and H. KNÜP
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A.A. FILATENKO, K. PISTRICK, H. KN
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Pyrus L. Secale L. Sorbus L. Trifol
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Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et Oh
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Lycopersicon Mill. Nicotiana L. Sal
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Pyrus communis L. Trachomitum sarma
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R. macropetalus Dougl. ex Hook. R.
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U. FREYTAG, G.H. BUCK-S ORLIN and B
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Tab. 1: Actual European strawberry
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H. GRAUSGRUBER, H. BOINTNER, R. TUM
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yield / plant (g) resistance score
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H. GRAUSGRUBER, H. BOINTNER, R. TUM
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E.R.J. KELLER, A. SENULA and H. SCH
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Molecular mapping and geographical
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English translation of the 1979 Rus
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Development and evaluation of a Bra
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Development and evaluation of a Bra
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Page 308 and 309: Mansfeld's Encyclopedia and Databas
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Page 358 and 359: List of participants Lühs, Wilfrie
Page 360 and 361: List of participants Ruge, Brigitte
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