Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres

Characterisation of spring barley genetic resources in Yugoslavia
genotypes of the same row-type. This could be useful in breeding for structural
changing of spike architecture within or between both row-types. This phenomenon
of deviation from original type is probably due to high diversity in the origin of the
collected material in terms of different ecological conditions. For three landraces
(MB974, MB1094 and MB1058), it was not possible to find any similar genotype in
the collection and they are not grouped. Landrace MB974 has almost monoculm type
of tillering, which was not found in any other genotype. It is specific for landrace
MB1094 that spikelets are extremely separated (about 1 cm from each other). Plants
of the landrace MB1058 are very high (94 cm) with many tillers (9 fertile) that form
long spikes (14 cm) and that produce many grains (86 per spike) and high grain
mass (26.45 g per plant). All observations mentioned suggest that diversity present in
this Yugoslavian barley collection represents a good base for further selection of superior
genotypes after inter-landrace crossing as well as for improving existing barley
cultivars for some individual traits. Two accessions (MB530 and MB532) are resistant
to BaMMV and one accession (MB1012) is resistant to Puccinia hordei. The latter is
unexpected, since the genepool of cultivated barley is largely depleted of major resistance
genes for this fungal pathogen. Therefore, this result needs to be reconfirmed.
Moreover, since the leaf rust isolate I 80 is not yet present in Europe, field
tests with a mixture of prevalent races are scheduled for 2002, in order to detect
genotypes with partial resistance. Regarding BaMMV virus, a series of recessive resistance
genes have already been identified (GRANER et al. 2000). In this respect it is
interesting to note, that the resistance gene rym4 was most likely introgressed in high
yielding cultivars from the landrace Ragusa initially collected in the area of Dubrovnik.
Additional tests are required to determine the number of resistance genes present
in the two accessions and to study their allelism to known genes.
In addition to the evaluation for agronomic traits, DNA markers will be used to study
the genetic diversity present within this collection and compare its relationship to the
Central European barley gene pool.
References
MAKSIMOVIC, D., D. KNEZEVIC and A. PAUNOVIC (1996): The productive traits and grain
quality of winter and spring malting barley. In: Proc. VII th Internat. Barley Genetics
Sympos., Saskatoon, Canada, Vol. I, pp. 26-28.
GRANER, A., W. MICHALEK and S. STRENG (2000): Molecular mapping of genes conferring
resistance to viral and fungal pathogens. In: Proc. VIII th Internat. Barley
Genetics Sympos., Adelaide, Australia, Vol. I, pp. 45-52.
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