Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres
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Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres

Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres

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Development and evaluation of a Brassica napus core collection Development and evaluation of a Brassica napus core collection W. LÜHS 1,2 , F. SEYIS 1,3 , M. FRAUEN 2 , H. BUSCH 3 , L. FRESE 4 , E. WILLNER 5 , W. FRIEDT 1 , M. GUSTAFSSON 6 and G. POULSEN 7 Abstract To optimise the exploitation of genetic resources in plant breeding, the EU-funded project RESGEN CT99 109-112 has been initiated. This joint project aims at conserving, documenting, characterising, evaluating and rationalising European collections of the crop species Brassica napus L., which encompasses oilseed rape and some fodder crops (ssp. napus) along with rutabaga or Swede turnips (ssp. napobrassica (L.) Hanelt). In a first step, a preliminary B. napus core collection representing a broad variation selected from the available accessions in the European central database (Bras-EDB) has been created. Besides morphological and quality assessment of the material, the main task will be the evaluation of the core collection regarding resistance to clubroot disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) and pests, such 1 Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding I Department of Plant Breeding Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32 D-35392 Giessen, Germany 2 Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG Hohenlieth D-24363 Holtsee, Germany 3 Deutsche Saatveredelung Lippstadt-Bremen GmbH Weissenburger Str. 5 D-59557 Lippstadt, Germany 4 Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (BAZ) Gene Bank Bundesallee 50 D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany 5 IPK Branch Station Malchow Haus Nr. 9 D-23999 Malchow/Poel, Germany 6 Department of Plant Protection Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 44 S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden 7 Nordic Gene Bank P.O. Box 41 Smedjevägen 2 S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden 284

W. LÜHS et al. as flea beetles (Psylliodes chrysocephela, Phyllotreta spp.), stem weevils (Ceutorhynchus spp.) and field slugs (Deroceras spp.). Introduction Brassica crop species have become one of the most important sources of oil, condiments, vegetables, forage and green manure world-wide (cf. DIEDERICHSEN 2001). The co-operative project “Brassica collections for broadening agricultural use, including characterising and utilising genetic variation in Brassica carinata for its exploitation as an oilseed crop” (RESGEN CT99 109-112) has been initiated in order to increase knowledge about the genetic resources available within the four important Brassica species B. oleracea, B. rapa, B. napus and B. carinata, and to improve the utilisation of their genepools in Europe by plant breeders and growers. To achieve this, core collections are being established for each of the four species, with the intention of providing coverage of the maximum possible variation available within existing material in a representative set of well-characterised genotypes. In addition to seed regeneration and characterisation of the material, extensive evaluation of the four core sets with respect to important agronomic and phytopathological traits is being carried out, with results to be made freely available via the European database Bras-EDB (cf. BOUKEMA and VAN HINTUM 1999, LÜHS et al. 2002). Gross evaluation of B. napus accessions With the objective of creating such a B. napus core collection from all accessions documented in Bras-EDB, a maximum quantity of information about the growth habit, use and seed quality of the material integrated in the database has to be collected. Differentiation between spring and winter B. napus types: For a basic differentiation of the B. napus accessions (excluding ssp. rapifera), the characters winter hardiness, vernalisation requirement, seasonality and type of use were used (Tab. 1). Following this gross grouping of the material, 338 summer type B. napus accessions - including oilseed rape varieties, fodder and green manure forms as well as „exotic“ types, incl. vegetables (ssp. pabularia), Hakuran, Couve Nabica - were grown at the Field Research Station in Rauischholzhausen (near Marburg/Hesse, Germany) in 2000. In the vegetation period 2000/2001, a total of 857 B. napus winter type accessions were sown for the same reason. In this trial genotypes were included that in the preceding spring trial displayed a biannual growth habit (vernalisation requirement) and stayed vegetative like forage types. Due to a relatively mild winter period in 2000/2001, nearly all of these accessions survived and showed transition to the generative stage. In addition to basic description of this large set of B. napus material (excluding 285

Development and evaluation of a Brassica napus core collection<br />

Development and evaluation of a Brassica napus core collection<br />

W. LÜHS 1,2 , F. SEYIS 1,3 , M. FRAUEN 2 , H. BUSCH 3 , L. FRESE 4 , E. WILLNER 5 , W.<br />

FRIEDT 1 , M. GUSTAFSSON 6 and G. POULSEN 7<br />

Abstract<br />

To optimise the exploitation of genetic resources in plant breeding, the EU-funded<br />

project RESGEN CT99 109-112 has been initiated. This joint project aims at conserving,<br />

documenting, characterising, evaluating and rationalising European collections<br />

of the crop species Brassica napus L., which encompasses oilseed rape and<br />

some fodder crops (ssp. napus) along with rutabaga or Swede turnips (ssp. napobrassica<br />

(L.) Hanelt). In a first step, a preliminary B. napus core collection representing<br />

a broad variation selected from the available accessions in the European central<br />

database (Bras-EDB) has been created. Besides morphological and quality assessment<br />

of the material, the main task will be the evaluation of the core collection regarding<br />

resistance to clubroot disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) and pests, such<br />

1 Justus-Liebig-University Giessen<br />

Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding I<br />

Department of Plant Breeding<br />

Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32<br />

D-35392 Giessen, Germany<br />

2<br />

Norddeutsche Pflanzen<strong>zu</strong>cht Hans-Georg Lembke KG<br />

Hohenlieth<br />

D-24363 Holtsee, Germany<br />

3 Deutsche Saatveredelung Lippstadt-Bremen GmbH<br />

Weissenburger Str. 5<br />

D-59557 Lippstadt, Germany<br />

4<br />

Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (BAZ)<br />

Gene Bank<br />

Bundesallee 50<br />

D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany<br />

5<br />

IPK Branch Station Malchow<br />

Haus Nr. 9<br />

D-23999 Malchow/Poel, Germany<br />

6 Department of Plant Protection Sciences<br />

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences<br />

P.O. Box 44<br />

S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden<br />

7 Nordic Gene Bank<br />

P.O. Box 41<br />

Smedjevägen 2<br />

S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden<br />

284

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