Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres
Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres
R. Mansfeld’s scientific influence on genetic resources research K. HAMMER 1 Conclusions K. HAMMER R. Mansfeld actively worked within the Gatersleben Institute and tried to synthesise the different directions of research into a solid crop plant research in the sense of H. STUBBE (1957) 2 . But he was active far beyond the Institute’s scope. Connections with the phytopathologists from the Halle University have been already described. There have also been working contacts with the ethnologists from the Leipzig University (see LIPS 1962) and, of course, with many colleagues from different botanical disciplines. The integrating role of R. Mansfeld has been often appreciated (e.g., DANERT 1962, STUBBE 1962, 1982, GÄDE 1998, pp. 96-97), journals and papers have been dedicated to him (Kulturpflanze, Beih. 3, 1962, KÜHN et al. 1976, Kulturpflanze 19, 1981, PISTRICK and HAMMER 2001). His work will stay important not only for the history of systematics and nomenclature, especially of cultivated plants, but he has also to be considered as one of the founding personalities in plant genetic resources research and genebank activities. His “Encyclopedia” lays an important foundation for further development of biodiversity research. Summary R. Mansfeld worked in Gatersleben for 16 years. During the last ten years he headed the Department of Systematics. At the same time, his scientific work largely influenced the new scientific field of plant genetic resources by creating infraspecific classifications for important crops, initiating evaluation programmes of barley and wheat against diseases, mounting a collecting expedition to China as the basis for many forthcoming missions, laying the basis for technical work in living plant collections, writing an encyclopaedia on crop plants and thus considering the species level for 1 Universität Kassel Fachbereich 11 Fachgebiet Agrarbiodiversität Steinstr. 11 D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany 2 H. Stubbe (1902-1989), founder (1943) of the Gatersleben Institute and director until 1968 7
R. Mansfeld’s scientific influence on genetic resources research biodiversity research, and editing the first eight volumes of the Journal “Kulturpflanze” which is now continuing as “Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution” (vol. 48). R. Mansfeld participated in the integrated research within the Gatersleben institute and largely stimulated crop plant research as defined by H. Stubbe. Introduction When Rudolf Mansfeld died in 1960, the term “plant genetic resources” had not yet been created. But the work of the “Institut für Kulturpflanzenforschung” (Institute for Cultivated Plant Research) founded in 1943, was directed to basic research in crop plants (STUBBE 1957). As a taxonomist, Mansfeld not only contributed to his own field of research but he was also responsible for the living collections (later: genebank) of the Gatersleben Institute and tried to find new ways for handling and using this unique material. In 1965, Harlan, Bennett and Frankel created the concept of “plant genetic resources”. Hawkes also participated in this process (HAWKES 1997). The result was a very successful research work on crop plants including collecting, characterising, evaluating and using of landraces and wild relatives of crop plants. The highlight of this “plant genetic resources movement” (PISTORIUS 1997) reached at the beginning of the eighties of the last century, was the International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources. Its end was probably reached with the Convention of Biodiversity 1992 (see HAMMER 1998). R. Mansfeld successfully contributed to the establishment of this important movement as can be demonstrated in the following. As the main source for this paper the journal “Kulturpflanze” is being used. Infraspecific classifications Papers on infraspecific classifications belong to the first published results of R. Mansfeld’s work in Gatersleben (see DANERT 1962). Mansfeld started with the important cereals barley (1950) and wheat (1951). Later on he continued with millets (1952) and Physalis (1954). His school in Gatersleben intensively continued with this work. For a mini-review see HAMMER (1981). New infraspecific classifications are still being created in Gatersleben (e.g., PISTRICK 1987 on Raphanus, DIEDERICHSEN 1996 on Coriandrum), but as relatively rare events. Internationally the interest in those classifications faded down in the last decennia, though they should be of new importance for studying this special form of diversity in the new biodiversity research (see, e.g., GLADIS and HAMMER 2001). 8
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- Page 49 and 50: A Species Compendium for Plant Gene
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R. Mansfeld’s scientific influence on genetic resources research<br />
K. HAMMER 1<br />
Conclusions<br />
K. HAMMER<br />
R. Mansfeld actively worked within the Gatersleben Institute and tried to synthesise<br />
the different directions of research into a solid crop plant research in the sense of H.<br />
STUBBE (1957) 2 . But he was active far beyond the Institute’s scope. Connections<br />
with the phytopathologists from the Halle University have been already described.<br />
There have also been working contacts with the ethnologists from the Leipzig University<br />
(see LIPS 1962) and, of course, with many colleagues from different botanical<br />
disciplines.<br />
The integrating role of R. Mansfeld has been often appreciated (e.g., DANERT 1962,<br />
STUBBE 1962, 1982, GÄDE 1998, pp. 96-97), journals and papers have been dedicated<br />
to him (Kulturpflanze, Beih. 3, 1962, KÜHN et al. 1976, Kulturpflanze 19, 1981,<br />
PISTRICK and HAMMER 2001).<br />
His work will stay important not only for the history of systematics and nomenclature,<br />
especially of cultivated plants, but he has also to be considered as one of the founding<br />
personalities in plant genetic resources research and genebank activities. His<br />
“Encyclopedia” lays an important foundation for further development of biodiversity<br />
research.<br />
Summary<br />
R. Mansfeld worked in Gatersleben for 16 years. During the last ten years he headed<br />
the Department of Systematics. At the same time, his scientific work largely influenced<br />
the new scientific field of plant genetic resources by creating infraspecific classifications<br />
for important crops, initiating evaluation programmes of barley and wheat<br />
against diseases, mounting a collecting expedition to China as the basis for many<br />
forthcoming missions, laying the basis for technical work in living plant collections,<br />
writing an encyclopaedia on crop plants and thus considering the species level for<br />
1 Universität Kassel<br />
Fachbereich 11<br />
Fachgebiet Agrarbiodiversität<br />
Steinstr. 11<br />
D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany<br />
2 H. Stubbe (1902-1989), founder (1943) of the Gatersleben Institute and director until 1968<br />
7
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