Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen - Genres

Diversity in barley (Hordeum vulgare)
would expect that the genetic variation since long had been exhausted. It thus appears
that the conventional breeding process can be continued without an urgent
need for a general increase in the level of genetic diversity since a review of 80 years
of cross-breeding in barley in Europe shows no indication of a reduction in RFLP diversity
(FISCHBECK 2002).
Based on the progress in cross-breeding over time, a special outlook for the future of
barley breeding can be made. Actual progress has been obtained from successful
crosses between closely related parents and a hypothesis of ’de novo’ diversity has
been raised for explanation (RASMUSSON and PHILLIPS 1997).
The key questions for the future development of diversity are:
• How large is the genetic erosion and is it an important factor or not?
• How much of new recombination (new genotypes) can be created from existing
elite material?
• How much of “new” alleles are available in wild or exotic genetic resources?
• How will the future agriculture look like? Will there be a higher number of cultivars
available for particular quality or other purposes or for organic farming?
References
BOTHMER, R. VON, N. JACOBSEN, C. BADEN, R.B. JØRGENSEN and I. LINDE-LAURSEN
(1995): An ecogeographical study of the genus Hordeum. Systematic and Ecogeographic
Studies on Crop Genepools, 7;. 2 nd ed. IPGRI, Rome.
BOTHMER, R. VON, T.J.L. VAN HINTUM, H. KNÜPFFER and K. SATO (Eds.) (2002): Diversity
in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Elsevier Science (in prep.).
BROWN, A.H.D., D. ZOHARY and E. NEVO (1978): Outcrossing rate and heterozygosity
in natural populations of Hordeum spontaneum Koch in Israel. - Heredity 41;
49-62.
FISCHBECK, G. (1992): Barley cultivar development in Europe – success in the past
and possible changes in the future. Proc. Internat. Barley Genet. Symp. VI,
Munksgaard Publ., Copenhagen, pp. 885-908.
FISCHBECK, G. (2002): Diversification through breeding. In: BOTHMER, R. VON, T.J.L.
VAN HINTUM, H. KNÜPFFER and K. SATO (Eds.). Diversity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare).
Elsevier Science (in prep.).
GRANER, A., Å. BJØRNSTAD, T. KONISHI and F. ORDON (2002): Molecular Diversity of
the barley genome. In: BOTHMER, R. VON, T.J.L. VAN HINTUM, H. KNÜPFFER and
K. SATO (Eds.). Diversity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare). Elsevier Science (in
prep.).
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