The Why & How of X-Ray Timing - HEASARC - NASA
The Why & How of X-Ray Timing - HEASARC - NASA
The Why & How of X-Ray Timing - HEASARC - NASA
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Estimating Variability for ProposalsTo estimate amplitude <strong>of</strong> variations, or exposure time, fora desired significance level…• Broadband noise:r 2 = 2nσ √ ∆ν / I√ Twherer —RMS fractionn σ —number <strong>of</strong> “sigma” <strong>of</strong>statistical significancedemanded∆ν —frequency bandwidth(e.g., width <strong>of</strong> QPO)I —count rateT —exposure time• Coherent pulsations:• Example:f p = 4 nσ / I TX-ray binary, 0–10 Hz, 3σdetection, 5 ct/s source,10 ks exposure 3.8% threshold RMS
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