Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ...
Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ... Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ...
594of value in the testimony you have heard and the testimony you willhear from these distinguished Governors who now honor us with theirpresence.The committee is pleased and honored to have with us at this timefour distinguished Americans who have achieved the leadership ofStates: The Honorable Milton Shapp, Governor oftheir respectivePennsylvania : the Honorable Linwood Holton, Governor of Viro;inia ;the Honorable Jimmy Carter, Governor of Georgia ; and the HonorableJames H. Brickley, Lieutenant Governor of Michigan. We have askedthese dedicated and distinguished public servants to testify today beforethe committee because we want to benefit from their experience indealing with heroin addiction in their States. While we have calledfor a larger Federal role in combating addiction and in the rehabilitationof addicts, we do not want to give the impression that this is aFederal problem alone. The States have long battled this problem andtheir help, guidance, and leadership is vital to the success of any attemptto combat addiction. We want to hear from these distinguishedleaders of America who are fighting the battle in the front lines, as itwere. We want to hear from them as to what their States are doing,what they think the magnitude of the problem is, and what, if anything,in their opinion the Federal Goverinnent should do to help themto meet this problem in their respective States and through tJiem. togain an impression of what the problem is in the count rj' and the needfor Federal assistance.So we are very much honored. Governors, to have you here today.I am advised that Governor Holton is pressed for time, so with the indulgenceof the other Governors, we will first call on Governor Holtonof Virginia.STATEMENT OF HON. LINWOOD HOLTON, GOVERNOR,COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIAGovernor Holton. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I appreciate yourcourtesy in arranging for me to go first. I have had a further complicationthis morning in that we had some radio trouble coming up, so Ireally do not have a great deal of time, and I am sorry.We do have a rising drug problem in Virginia, however. It parallelsthe national experience in statistics from 1960 to 1969. In that period,there was a 556-percent increase in narcotic addiction in Virginia. Thatis made a little grimmer and more frightening by comparison of deathsin just a 4-year period. We had only one narcotic death in Virginia in1966. Last year, we had 20. We have one hospital alone reporting a o50-percent increase in drug abuse patients in just 1 year. Distressingly,more and more young people are becoming addicts. We had, for example,our youngest addict just last week, a child just a week into her 12tliyear, a confirmed heroin addict, picked up in the Tidewater area ofVirginia.We have tried to develop a sound solution. Though we know there isno miraculous cure, we believe that the correct ap])roach requires coordinationof the educational, rehabilitatiA-e, law enforcement resourcesavailable to tackle the problem. For that reason, just after I tookoffice—as a matter of fact, it was in March of 1970—I created a Gov-
o95ernor's Council on Narcotics and Drug Abuse Control by an executiveorder. The mission of this council was to coordinate the efforts,assets, technology and experience of all of our State agencies in anyway concerned with drug abuse and to direct them to a solution of thedrug problem. Coordination was their first priority and a summary ofthe plan of coordination is being submitted to your committee with mytestimony, sir.Cli;nrnian Pf.fper. It will be received.Governor PIolton. We also created regional drug councils. Our Stateis one of the few that has been divided into 22 planning districts forcoordination of all of our services, and we are seeking through theregional drug councils to tie the localities into State effort. It wasamazing how many various agencies or volunteer groups there werein some areas of our State working on this. I think we reduced as manyas 90 in the A/'irginia area to eight groups through these regional councils.We asked the regional councils to develop a plan that would bringdirection, planning, objectives, and goals against drug abuse to thegrassroots level. The assembly, the Legislature of Virginia, also passeda new drug code in 1970 which is very close to the model code. Wehave this year, in a special session of the assembly, created a new drugstrike force within the State police department. This strike force willtry across the entire State to move against those criminals who profitbv dealing in drugs.In the education phase, I think we have had very good success. Lastsunmier, in 1970, we gave 200 teachers a 2-week intensive course in drug;ibuse and use and then required them to go back to their communitiesto give 10 hours of awareness training to fellow teachers. Now, byawareness training, we meant knowing what the drugs are, the symptomsthat the children will exhibit when taking drugs, and some ofthe syndromes behind the taking of drugs. Those teachers are reallyin the frontline, Mr. Chairman, and today, through this program,47,000 of our teachers have been given this 10-hour awareness trainingand by the end of July, we hope that we will have gotten 55,000teachers.That is not enough. We are revising the health curriculum fromkindergarten through the 10th grade to include drug education, notjust drug information—real drug education. That means that we aregoing to have to certify teachers to teach the program. It means thatwe are going to have to retain 1,500 teachers and 2,000 counselors between1072 and 1974, and we expected to do it. This gives a 2-yearperiod for universities and colleges to gear up to begin to produce certifiedteachei's.Besides this training, the State is also carefully looking at a programto utilize the PTA's throughout the Commonwealth as a vehicle togive the people of our State the same 10 hours of awareness training,and we hope to reach 214 million by 1975. That is the outline of whatwe are doing in education.In treatment and rehabilitation, we are really in the beginning of aprogram and we very strongly feel the inadequacy which is so generalin this area of treatment and rehabilitation. We' doubt, I think withmost everyone, that there is any single type of treatment or rehabilitationwhich will be successful in all the cases, and we are not confidentabout even some of the more popular programs. However, we have
- Page 564 and 565: 544Chairman Pepper. Would you repea
- Page 566 and 567: 54^creased amount of licit as well
- Page 568 and 569: —54Sand the bureaucracy and the a
- Page 570 and 571: ,,Mr.550you have used some of the s
- Page 572 and 573: 552so many areas is also a pitiful
- Page 574 and 575: 55,4nitiide of heroin addiction in
- Page 576 and 577: 556reached $976.5 billion, we can w
- Page 578 and 579: 558Mr. Jones was appointed to the c
- Page 580 and 581: 560cant when you consider that Out
- Page 582 and 583: 562criminal act in his lifetime. Ye
- Page 584 and 585: —564Mr. Perito. Would it be fair
- Page 586 and 587: 566Now, Dr. Cliambers, can yon resp
- Page 588 and 589: —568Mr. Raxgel. Our distinguished
- Page 590 and 591: ;-570Mr. Jones. That is correct. Ou
- Page 592 and 593: 572the commissioner, $186 million i
- Page 594 and 595: 574there should be something in the
- Page 596 and 597: 576and the way in which the funds a
- Page 598 and 599: 57SDr. Chambers. I think wliat you
- Page 600 and 601: 580Education is the best way of pre
- Page 602 and 603: 58-2Certain essential facts must re
- Page 604 and 605: 584done through determined action,
- Page 606 and 607: 586druffs, has the Nation's largest
- Page 608 and 609: :588To repeat, methadone maintenanc
- Page 610 and 611: :590I believe the Federal Governmen
- Page 612 and 613: :take no such satisfaction. We have
- Page 616 and 617: 596gone ahead with several. We have
- Page 618 and 619: 598force within our State Police De
- Page 620 and 621: 60PRased on the proposed goal of 2.
- Page 622 and 623: 602STATEMENT OF HON. MILTON SIIAPP,
- Page 624 and 625: (51)4and apprehend the wholesalers
- Page 626 and 627: J'606[Exhibit No. 23Prepared Statem
- Page 628 and 629: 608Under our 1071-72 budget proposa
- Page 630 and 631: GIOcenters for the treatment of her
- Page 632 and 633: . Dr.612Bourne informs me that we h
- Page 634 and 635: 614Governors in Atlanta to which re
- Page 636 and 637: 616pretty bad news, because it indi
- Page 638 and 639: 618Scientific statistical ioformati
- Page 640 and 641: 620((')) Finally, I believe that al
- Page 642 and 643: 622Governor Carter. I certainly rec
- Page 644 and 645: 624programs that are now available,
- Page 646 and 647: 626all of the top officials in the
- Page 648 and 649: 628perhaps greater than some of the
- Page 650 and 651: )630tion and many others attempting
- Page 652 and 653: 632(3) Long term residential self-h
- Page 654 and 655: 634for the support of drug service
- Page 656 and 657: :636D. NARCO, Inc.Narcotics Addicti
- Page 658 and 659: 638crimes to obtain the necessary m
- Page 660 and 661: 640million to $25 milliou per year.
- Page 662 and 663: 642Mr. Perito. Thank yoii. Mr. Chai
o95ernor's Council on <strong>Narcotics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Drug Abuse Control by an executiveorder. The mission of this council was to coordinate the efforts,assets, technology <strong>and</strong> experience of all of our State agencies in anyway concerned with drug abuse <strong>and</strong> to direct them to a solution of thedrug problem. Coordination was their first priority <strong>and</strong> a summary ofthe plan of coordination is being submitted to your committee with mytestimony, sir.Cli;nrnian Pf.fper. It will be received.Governor PIolton. We also created regional drug councils. Our Stateis one of the few that has been divided into 22 planning districts forcoordination of all of our services, <strong>and</strong> we are seeking through theregional drug councils to tie the localities into State effort. It wasamazing how many various agencies or volunteer groups there werein some areas of our State working on this. I think we reduced as manyas 90 in the A/'irginia area to eight groups through these regional councils.We asked the regional councils to develop a plan that would bringdirection, planning, objectives, <strong>and</strong> goals against drug abuse to thegrassroots level. The assembly, the Legislature of Virginia, also passeda new drug code in 1970 which is very close to the model code. Wehave this year, in a special session of the assembly, created a new drugstrike force within the State police department. This strike force willtry across the entire State to move against those criminals who profitbv dealing in drugs.In the education phase, I think we have had very good success. Lastsunmier, in 1970, we gave 200 teachers a 2-week intensive course in drug;ibuse <strong>and</strong> use <strong>and</strong> then required them to go back to their communitiesto give 10 hours of awareness training to fellow teachers. Now, byawareness training, we meant knowing what the drugs are, the symptomsthat the children will exhibit when taking drugs, <strong>and</strong> some ofthe syndromes behind the taking of drugs. Those teachers are reallyin the frontline, Mr. Chairman, <strong>and</strong> today, through this program,47,000 of our teachers have been given this 10-hour awareness training<strong>and</strong> by the end of July, we hope that we will have gotten 55,000teachers.That is not enough. We are revising the health curriculum fromkindergarten through the 10th grade to include drug education, notjust drug information—real drug education. That means that we aregoing to have to certify teachers to teach the program. It means thatwe are going to have to retain 1,500 teachers <strong>and</strong> 2,000 counselors between1072 <strong>and</strong> 1974, <strong>and</strong> we expected to do it. This gives a 2-yearperiod for universities <strong>and</strong> colleges to gear up to begin to produce certifiedteachei's.Besides this training, the State is also carefully looking at a programto utilize the PTA's throughout the Commonwealth as a vehicle togive the people of our State the same 10 hours of awareness training,<strong>and</strong> we hope to reach 214 million by 1975. That is the outline of whatwe are doing in education.In <strong>treatment</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>rehabilitation</strong>, we are really in the beginning of aprogram <strong>and</strong> we very strongly feel the inadequacy which is so generalin this area of <strong>treatment</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>rehabilitation</strong>. We' doubt, I think withmost everyone, that there is any single type of <strong>treatment</strong> or <strong>rehabilitation</strong>which will be successful in all the cases, <strong>and</strong> we are not confidentabout even some of the more popular programs. However, we have