Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ...
Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ... Narcotics research, rehabilitation, and treatment. Hearings, Ninety ...
54^creased amount of licit as well as illicit drugs in the community andmost discouraging, however, is the general failure to consider themeans of eventual withdrawal from narcotics or the complacent viewthat treating these opiate dependent individuals with legal opiates isgoing to be a life-long process.Narcotic antagonists provide a logical therapeutic and prophylacticpossibility and in the face of this need, further experimentation shouldor must be encouraged and to that end we recommend that theCongress authorize the establishment of a special study unit or commissionanalogous to the Commission on Marihuana to re^dew all theavailable data, and should this commission agree with our view of thedata, they shovild firstly stimulate the development of a long-actingformulation of an antagonist with a period of action of at least 30to 60 days; second, support the testing and development of other antagonists;and also to utilize currently available antagonists in SoutheastAsia as a prophylactic for the personnel who are daily exposed tO'heroin in tliis highly endemic area.I would think that to this end the commission should be fundedwith a sum to be determined by Congress. Probably the modestamount of $3 million shoidd suffice initially.Chairman Pepper. We thank you very much for your ablestatement.Mr. Perito, do you have any questions?Mr. Perito. Just two questions. Doctor.Assuming proper funding, how long do you think it would take tO'develop an effective long-lasting antagonistic drug?Dr. Resnick. Well, with a million dollars we could do it in a year;$3 million, in 6 months; $5 million, maybe in a month and a half.You see, we have the technical means to do this. It is merely a matterf the chemists going through the procedure of testing it out. I mean,it does not require any new, unusual discoveries. It is merely a questionof trying out different vehicles to see which one works and whatthe dangers are.Chairman Pepper. Excuse me, Doctor. This committee, I think,was among the first groups in the Congress to reconunend a commissionto study marihuana. We called on the Department of Health,Education, and Welfare to have the Surgeon General make a study,a thorough authoritative study of marihuana, some 2 years ago andlater on we supported the setting up of the Commission, and that is avery desirable procedure in many resjjects.Do you think the same job could be done in perha[)s a shorterlength of time if we provided the money to the National Institute ofMental Health, an existing agency, and gave them the j^ower to encouragethese researchers that you ai'c talking about?Dr. Resnick. Yes. I would think that if some subgrouj) within theNIMH was dedicated to this pur])ose; yes.Chairman Pepper. Mr. Mann?Mr. Mann. Doctor, your ])rograin has been conducted as a nuiinlenance-typeof program. Have you cxperiment(Hl Mith the terminationof treatment and supervision of the individual to see about a permanentcure? , ^;,ii.iDr. Resnick. Yes. We have experimented with it. There have beena number of individuals who have been on our cyclazocine program-in in ,n
S47over a period of time, from 1 to 3 years,who have then come to us andstated that they feel they have during this period of time, been free ofusing narcotics, stabihzed in their hves, do not have the need fornarcotics and would like to try ^^'ithout the use of cyclazocine.There are seven such individuals who we withdrew from cyclazocine,none of whom have become readdicted to date. There were twoindividuals who requested withdrawal from cyclazocine who shortlyafter they were off cyclazocine came back and said, "I have the urgeto use tlrugs again; please put me back on cyclazocine," and we did so.Mr. Mann. So, there is definite potential for the reordering ofone's life, perhaps, while under a sui)ervised program?Dr. Resnick. No question about that. I think the biggest hope aboutcyclazocine is that it is not addicting. The individual does not getany kick from it. There is no illicit market for it and he is not addictedto it. It is a very useful tool or crutch for him to be able to conduct hislife without heroin and hopefully to be able to reach a point where heno longer has the need to use heroin.Mr. Mann. Thank you.Chairman Pepper. Mr. Blommer?Mr. Blommer. I have no questions.Chairman Pepper. Mr. Steiger?Mr. Steiger. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.What are the side effects of cyclazocine?Dr. Resnick. The side effects of cyclazocine depend upon how fastwe give it.Mr. Steiger. What is the worst that can happen? I mean, in the4-day period.Dr. Resnick. The usual, most common side effect in the 4-dayperiod is the patient experiences what he describes as a high and helikens this to being similar to a pot high. Some of them say it is likeLSD. Most of them enjoy it. They do not find it uncomfortable orunpleasant.It is of some interest that we offer them naloxone as a means ofreducing the intensity of these side effects. Now, naloxone has thatpropoerty. So that the procedure is to tell the patient that he is goingto be built up on cyclazocine in increasing doses over 4 days and thatduring this 4-day period he will experience some side effects, none ofwhich are harmful or dangerous, that if he finds that these side effectsare too strong for him, if he wishes, he may request tablets, naloxone,which will help to reduce the intensity of these effects, and about 50percent of the patients go through the induction without usingnaloxone. The other 50 percent will use naloxone sometime duringthese 4 days and they do report after they take the naloxone, ^vithinabout a half hour to an hour the intensity of this feeling- subsides.Mr. Steiger. If there is an interruption in the administration ofcyclazocine and they get back on it in a month, after being off it amonth, do they experience this again? Would you anticipate that theywould?Dr. Resnick. If they have been off cyclazocine for a month andthen need to be reinducted on it?Mr. Steiger. Yes, sir.Dr. Resnick. Exactly the same thing happens.Mr. Steiger. Knowing the research community as you do inf thisparticular area, and also knowing the cumbersomeness of this body
- Page 515 and 516: 495Chairman Pepper. One other quest
- Page 517 and 518: 497Dr. ViLLARREAL. So, it is a biol
- Page 519 and 520: '.499could result in a laboratory s
- Page 521 and 522: 5qifinds it in normal exploration.
- Page 523 and 524: 503synthesized a large number of na
- Page 525 and 526: 505STATEMENT OE DR. ALBERT KURLAND,
- Page 527 and 528: 507discovered if we iiad taken the
- Page 529 and 530: 509Mr. Perito. Dr. Kurland, do you
- Page 531 and 532: 511Chairman Pepper. Has the Food an
- Page 533 and 534: 513]Mr. Steiger. Do you feel from y
- Page 535 and 536: 515In this second study there was a
- Page 537 and 538: 517were any significant differences
- Page 539: 519The Deceptive Communication and
- Page 542 and 543: .522than a State psychiatric hospit
- Page 544 and 545: 524Department of Mental Hygiene), R
- Page 546 and 547: TABLE 3—COMPARISON OF THE 1ST POS
- Page 548 and 549: 528TABLE 10—RELATIONSHIP OF AGE T
- Page 550 and 551: 530tution and his involvement in th
- Page 552 and 553: Attachment No. 5;r\ N-CH,-CH=CHo ,
- Page 554 and 555: '-534Chart No. U (case No. 672)Disp
- Page 556 and 557: 536Chart No. 4 (case No. 694)Illust
- Page 558 and 559: 538Chart No. 35 {case No. 697)Excep
- Page 560 and 561: 540This amount of heroin is roughly
- Page 562 and 563: 5msuccessful or not in that short a
- Page 564 and 565: 544Chairman Pepper. Would you repea
- Page 568 and 569: —54Sand the bureaucracy and the a
- Page 570 and 571: ,,Mr.550you have used some of the s
- Page 572 and 573: 552so many areas is also a pitiful
- Page 574 and 575: 55,4nitiide of heroin addiction in
- Page 576 and 577: 556reached $976.5 billion, we can w
- Page 578 and 579: 558Mr. Jones was appointed to the c
- Page 580 and 581: 560cant when you consider that Out
- Page 582 and 583: 562criminal act in his lifetime. Ye
- Page 584 and 585: —564Mr. Perito. Would it be fair
- Page 586 and 587: 566Now, Dr. Cliambers, can yon resp
- Page 588 and 589: —568Mr. Raxgel. Our distinguished
- Page 590 and 591: ;-570Mr. Jones. That is correct. Ou
- Page 592 and 593: 572the commissioner, $186 million i
- Page 594 and 595: 574there should be something in the
- Page 596 and 597: 576and the way in which the funds a
- Page 598 and 599: 57SDr. Chambers. I think wliat you
- Page 600 and 601: 580Education is the best way of pre
- Page 602 and 603: 58-2Certain essential facts must re
- Page 604 and 605: 584done through determined action,
- Page 606 and 607: 586druffs, has the Nation's largest
- Page 608 and 609: :588To repeat, methadone maintenanc
- Page 610 and 611: :590I believe the Federal Governmen
- Page 612 and 613: :take no such satisfaction. We have
- Page 614 and 615: 594of value in the testimony you ha
54^creased amount of licit as well as illicit drugs in the community <strong>and</strong>most discouraging, however, is the general failure to consider themeans of eventual withdrawal from narcotics or the complacent viewthat treating these opiate dependent individuals with legal opiates isgoing to be a life-long process.Narcotic antagonists provide a logical therapeutic <strong>and</strong> prophylacticpossibility <strong>and</strong> in the face of this need, further experimentation shouldor must be encouraged <strong>and</strong> to that end we recommend that theCongress authorize the establishment of a special study unit or commissionanalogous to the Commission on Marihuana to re^dew all theavailable data, <strong>and</strong> should this commission agree with our view of thedata, they shovild firstly stimulate the development of a long-actingformulation of an antagonist with a period of action of at least 30to 60 days; second, support the testing <strong>and</strong> development of other antagonists;<strong>and</strong> also to utilize currently available antagonists in SoutheastAsia as a prophylactic for the personnel who are daily exposed tO'heroin in tliis highly endemic area.I would think that to this end the commission should be fundedwith a sum to be determined by Congress. Probably the modestamount of $3 million shoidd suffice initially.Chairman Pepper. We thank you very much for your ablestatement.Mr. Perito, do you have any questions?Mr. Perito. Just two questions. Doctor.Assuming proper funding, how long do you think it would take tO'develop an effective long-lasting antagonistic drug?Dr. Resnick. Well, with a million dollars we could do it in a year;$3 million, in 6 months; $5 million, maybe in a month <strong>and</strong> a half.You see, we have the technical means to do this. It is merely a matterf the chemists going through the procedure of testing it out. I mean,it does not require any new, unusual discoveries. It is merely a questionof trying out different vehicles to see which one works <strong>and</strong> whatthe dangers are.Chairman Pepper. Excuse me, Doctor. This committee, I think,was among the first groups in the Congress to reconunend a commissionto study marihuana. We called on the Department of Health,Education, <strong>and</strong> Welfare to have the Surgeon General make a study,a thorough authoritative study of marihuana, some 2 years ago <strong>and</strong>later on we supported the setting up of the Commission, <strong>and</strong> that is avery desirable procedure in many resjjects.Do you think the same job could be done in perha[)s a shorterlength of time if we provided the money to the National Institute ofMental Health, an existing agency, <strong>and</strong> gave them the j^ower to encouragethese <strong>research</strong>ers that you ai'c talking about?Dr. Resnick. Yes. I would think that if some subgrouj) within theNIMH was dedicated to this pur])ose; yes.Chairman Pepper. Mr. Mann?Mr. Mann. Doctor, your ])rograin has been conducted as a nuiinlenance-typeof program. Have you cxperiment(Hl Mith the terminationof <strong>treatment</strong> <strong>and</strong> supervision of the individual to see about a permanentcure? , ^;,ii.iDr. Resnick. Yes. We have experimented with it. There have beena number of individuals who have been on our cyclazocine program-in in ,n
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