12.07.2015
•
Views
274;Mr. Perito. It is my understanding, Doctor, that in your treatmentajiproach you have been using- a new experimental drug; is thatcorrect ?Dr. Casrtel. Yes ; it is, Mr. Perito.Mr. Perito. And that experimental drug can be properly referredto as a rapid-acting detoxification drug?Dr. Casriel. Yes ; it can.Mr. Perito. That drug is nonaddictive ?Dr. Casriel. It is nonaddictive.Mr. Perito. Could you kindly explain to the chairman and membersof this committee what your experience has been with the use of thisdrug ?Dr. Casriel. Yes.Chairman Pepper. You are talking about the drug Perse, P-e-r-s-e?Dr. Casriel. Right.I met Dr. Revici, the developer of this drug, a year ago last February,and I guess like most of you who might have seen it for the firsttime, I didn't believe my clinical eyes, but in the past 14 months I amconvinced that this is a major breakthrough, on a chemical basis, ofthe addictive phenomena of addiction.I personally have given it to about a 100 addicts, about 30 ofwhom have remained in my therapeutic community, called AREBA,which stands for the Accelerated Reeducation of Emotions, Behavior,and Attitude.I have never found any hai'mful side effects from Perse per se. Ithas removed not only the addicting quality, but it gives the individuala sense of well-being, the type of well-being he had before he wasaddicted.However, I would like to make sure that the committee realizesthere is a difference between an addict who is addicted, and an addictwho is not addicted.After you remove the addiction you still have to treat the individual.My work in the past 20 years has been with people. I have rehabilitatedtlie addicted and it really doesn't make mucli difference whatthey are addicted to, whether it is heroin, or morphine, or alcohol, orhomosexuality, or delinquency, or whatever.The basic underlying personality structure has to be changed.Perse has made my job much easier with those character disorderscalled the addict.Chairman Pepper. With what?Dr. C ASPJEL. With those people, the psychiatrists call the addictedpersonality.Chairman Pepper. I see.Mr. Pfrito. Doctor, is it fair to sav that you are drawinij a distinctionbetween physical addiction and ps3^chic addiction ?Dr. Casrtel. Yes ; there is a tremendous distinction. Perse removesthe physical addiction, the phA'siological addiction. It takes the type ofpsychotherapy that I am doing, whicli is much different than classicalpsychotherapy, to restructure the addict.'I think in terms of the physiological addiction, the physical addiction,it is interesting that the several people I heard before me
Avho spoke about methadone and methadone blockade really have notmentioned what do they mean by blockade, where does the location ofthe blockading effect, what is the j^hysiological cause of addiction,how does addiction work, what is addiction, how does it Vvork, v\'hydoes m.ethadone blockade, what does it blockade, et cetera, et cetera, etcetera.These answers have never been mentioned. I am aghast, really, thatthis whole concept of methadone maintenance started with the research,clinical research of six highly addicted heroin addicts by Dr.Dole, who then transferred them to methadone and maintained themon methadone.Tliere is no theory, no pharmacological theory to substantiate methadoneaddiction or methadone maintenance.I met Dr. Eevici. He is a fine old gentleman. He speaks in such aquiet voice and he is so esoteric it took me about a year to really understandhis understanding of the nature of addiction, and if I may,in the next few minutes, I would like to give this committee my interpretationof his understanding of the nature of addiction.He developed Perse with a pencil and paper. He theorized thenature of addiction from his knowledge of intercellular physiology,biochemistry, and pharmacology. With this theoretical approach hethen theorized the type of pharmacological type of drug that wasneeded to solve it.Chairman Pepper. That is the way Dr. Einstein developed theEinstein tlieory, with a pencil and paper.Dr. Casriel. On a piece of paper, a pencil and piece of paper, andyou might have said he never had enough money to do it any otherway.He took this chemical and applied it successfully to thousands oflaboratory animals and then finally applied it to several thousandpatients that he has detoxicized from heroin without any harmfuleffects.I have detoxicized about 100 without any harmful effects whatsoever.I have personally taken some Perse, myself, to see the effect thatit would have in preventing—it also prevents alcohol addiction, alcoholintoxication—to see what it would do to me in preventing alcoholicintoxication. Normally 2 ounces of alcohol taken by me will give me adrunk and I fall asleep. One big cocktail will get me sleepy on anempty stomach.I took two of his capsules of Perse and proceeded to drink 8 ouncesof scotch without any side effects of dysarthria or intoxication. It istrue my belly felt a little bloated and my wife told me I smelled likea kangaroo, but I was not drunk. I had no harmful effects.I have no hesitation, if necessary, to inject this whole bottle of Perseinto me. I am that sure of its safety.This is_a 100 cubic centimeter bottle. The addict only takes 5-10cubic centimeters.("hairman Pepper. Orally?Dr. Casriel. Injectable, because we know how much is going in thatway. The first day about four times, the second about three times, thethird day twice and the_ fourth day one injection, and this is supplementedwith the pills which are continued for the week.
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NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION,
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::VEXHIBIT NO. 4 (a) AND (b)Eddy, D
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NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION,
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urden that such addiction imposes u
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1 (lata; (->) the sliariiis" oF iii
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9Chairman Pepper. The committee is
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::11quota production from unrecogni
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13in this country. This raises the
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15from other clinical projects of w
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:17practice, experience has indicat
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;19.I think a quota would be better
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21When methadone was first introduc
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:::::.—23American Society of Phar
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_'—25.I'BOCUREMENT AND ISSUE DATA
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'.28Fiscal years-1967 1968 1969 197
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30rally in opium. By indirect, the
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32We can, I think, most helpfully g
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34so intense that we haven't done v
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Dr. Eddy. Well, physicians, usually
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38Dr. Eddy. No.Chairman Pepper. Now
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:40get away with it as Dr. Keats su
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:—:42public health hazard was jud
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:44Bibliography(1 Nathan B. Eddy. "
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46(52) Nathan B. Eddy. "Dilaudid."
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48(98) "The New Narcotics, Post-gra
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^.50
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52entails the consideration of addi
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54Chairman Pepper. Have you found t
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56^.I wonder would you care to comm
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58Chairman Pepper. Without objectio
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—1958-681959-«419691962-64196219
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—62abuse and has brought about th
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64bank robbery or an assault. You d
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66Mr. Wiggins. Would the stopping o
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68—Chairman Pepper. Can you give
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:70The problem then would be the wi
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;72taking exceptional measures in t
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)—74pay serious attention to this
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;76From 1958 to 1961, he served as
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78deine in painkilling drugs. So if
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;80ning capabilities, responsibilit
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;:;82terials. If they could introdu
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84Figure 1infrared Ektachrome film
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;86Figure 3.—Tones of wheat (W) a
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88ers at the poppyfields or at any
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:90;:tional situations has handicap
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;;92Locating illicit opium cropsDet
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94Jaffe. Well, there would be some
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96Mr. Jaffe. Primarily on the fact
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98in the same ball park about what
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100Chairman Pepper. Mr, Waldie, do
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::102agencies and input data would
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104most facilities are barely able
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;106We have also studied a ^roup of
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108Dr. Gearing. Yes, sir; I would n
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110somethino: in the nei
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112program is put into the machiner
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I114you have some data there that s
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116Dr. Gearing. It depends on what
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118Chairman Pepper. Would you have
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120it not be so that we could proje
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.122admission rate was approximatel
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124BESULTS(1) Although many of the
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1262. All the members of the methad
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128HETHADOHE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT
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11 1 1 1 1 11130Methadone Halnten?n
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132TABLE 2.-METHAD0NE MAINTENANCE T
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134Figure 9 Methadone tlaintenance
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136Methadone Ka'ntanance Treatmf:nt
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:::.::.138Appendix A^—Methadone M
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140nance treatment patients showing
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142Figure 3 •lethadone Kaintenanc
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144Dr. DuPoNT. 1,760 on methadone m
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:146there are dramatic reductions i
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148Health insurance coverage for me
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150Dr. DtjPont. Well, there are no
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152Mr. Blommer. You would agree the
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154done. Where is the evidence ? No
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156There are several reasons a pers
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158It would seem to me a very busy
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160we had before. I don't think it
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162heroin addiction and support all
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164Dr. DuPoNT. I am reluctant to ge
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166Using this figure as rule of thu
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)168ment facilities for heroin addi
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.170parole departments. None were c
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::172Table 2.— Selected character
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174TABLE 3.—HEROIN ADDICTION RATE
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176W.a^^cc-V.c Cffv..AdF-ro ftcoKjL
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178.^06V f\QrK-'SEt G^ouP/AJ6SIS're
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I180*i coo)u->CM>—'CMUJCOO O COa>
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I(/I182esiMmin0)^> oo.00 =E|c O.2 o
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184encouraged to return to methadon
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186or other side effects. This incr
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:188number as that on the bottle. W
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190Attachment ThreeTo all medical s
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-jI IALLI192ATTACHMENT- FIVE,J: IPA
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194ATTACHMENT NINEGOVERNMENT OF THE
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......—196half of the addicts sta
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198CONCLUSIONSCertain patterns emer
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200TABLE 5.— PROFILE OF BARBITUAR
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202TABLE ll.-SUPPORT OF HEROIN HABI
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204TABLE 17.-AGE OF ADDICTS AND NON
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206TABLE 23.—PRESENT MARITAL STAT
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208TABLE 28.-MILITARY SERVICEAddict
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:210The committee is pleased to cal
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212sists of a network of 21 geograp
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214(6) Basic studies on the nature
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216in fact, constitute autonomous o
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Chairman Pepper. Mr. Perito?218;; M
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^'220is not a very forgiving drug.
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'222Furthermore, in our present con
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—224the Federal Government decide
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-—I have presented one generic ki
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,clinic;?,>•
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230I realize we are running late.Do
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''232'']Vir. Winn. Tiien you mentio
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234So having put it in the area, ha
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,Memberships'—i236privilege of co
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;238A central hypothermic response
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;240South Bronx, Bedford-Stuyvesant
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242€are of patient addicts. We ha
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244hospitals in the city, came into
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246that came into my office, and I
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'Mr.;>•/nmo'.i,,;248deputy commis
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:250two Rockefeller Institute physi
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:252during pliase II that serious e
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254well-structured methadone mainte
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;:256nonsense and serves only to ad
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:258you best complete your statemen
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260Mr. Pertto. Based upon your expe
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262A a'reat case in point was a con
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«264Mr. Steiger. Did you discuss w
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—:266Mr. HoRAN. We don't support
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268Mr. Horan, let's back up a littl
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270It is not up to heroin or morphi
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272nesses yesterday who brought out
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276So that at the end of the week t
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278steroid he lias in him we might
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280Mr. Perito. You are referriii"'
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282not drug free. I can say approxi
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28 A$2-a-day habit these individual
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•As286I got to the point once in
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288Mr. Steiger. You mentioned anoxi
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290Mr. Eangel. I could see then tha
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292Dr. Casriel. Mr. Keating, I have
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j294What period of time are ^ve tal
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296was March of 1970—he was admit
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298"The paper by Dole and Nyswander
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:300vent them from coming to New Yo
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302[Exhibit No.14(b)]Casriel Instit
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304to result from the insuflScient
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306It is this role of the intervent
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308EESULTSStudies concerning tlie p
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310The method derives from a specia
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312Why is this happening? What need
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m)effective with uncured alcoholics
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I316Casriel, who is medical-psychia
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318resort to heroin. One must not f
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.320in Permanent Cure of Narcotic A
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322!(4) '-Modification of Adaptatio
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324sections of the country, all sor
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;Mr.Pertto.niuch,I?,Mr. Peritq. Tha
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328Chairman Pepper. Mr. Steiger.Mr.
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, Mr., In''wMr, WiNx.nltiiink tlie
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:332"Stomach cramps" were found to
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'i.We334'""^li'anTOanl^ETPPEiL That
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:))))336would be deprived of any cl
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338less abuse liability than agents
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NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION,
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CONTENTSApril 26 1April 27 77April
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:•vEXHIBIT NO. 4 (a) AND (b)Eddy,
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:lovernor,vnEXHIBIT NO. 21 (a) and
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342have no desire to preempt the au
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344We hope these hearings will prov
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346tons in 1962 and to 155 tons in
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348SOUTHEAST ASIAAs you know also,
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350I would also point out as I did
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352their farmers who have been grow
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354told that much of the insurgency
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356Mr. IxGERSOLL. Well, again, Mr.
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358jority of the heroin problem in
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360years, but I have been frustrate
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362Mr, Steiger. If you were goin^ t
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364report marihuana among junior gr
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366And it seems to me tliat we Avou
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?368effectively, then maybe we will
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370improvement as far as the abilit
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372was there. Your visits probably
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374the purchase of Avitnesses—I s
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:376administrations to publicly say
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378Chairman Pepper. We will take a
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380Mr. Ingersoll. No. I don't recal
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:382can fulfill the vow made by the
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384have to give you the same answer
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386Mr. Brasco. But that is another
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388Mr. Ingeksoll. Well, that is the
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NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION,
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-39,3,Dr. Edwards held a surgical f
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395of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs
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397Naloxone, recently approved for
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399for example, who might be abusin
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401Now, because of our attention ha
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403and this is only for the investi
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405effects this drug will produce i
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407Now, if it is not used intravene
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409Mr. Wiggins. Dr. Jennings, does
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411Penicillin is good for pneumonia
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413Mr. R ANGEL. But from the studie
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415Dr. Gardner. Again, we don't hav
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417Dr. Edwards. I suspect it at lea
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419On the other hand, if serious si
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421of the best known programs. Alth
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423Medical Association, American Ps
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425of the United States Pharmacopei
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4275. Repeated examinations. Physic
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429agement and rehabilitation of se
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—431As the agenc.v within HEW whi
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433and complex acts such as driving
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435(Inig induces physical and psych
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437Chiiirmtin Pepper. Doctor, I thi
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439A large proportion of youngsters
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441Dr. Brown, what would you say is
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443Chairmiui Pepper. Wliat is tlie
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446The state of the art is promisin
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447Lot nie ask you first, is tlic d
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449Chairman Pepper. Do you happen t
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451want you to take a look at. We w
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453In addition to that, there seems
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455the Mfldict is having a program
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457—on drugs? By that I mean, vei
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459\\ e are basically saying, in or
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—;461that this is the extent to w
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463We could go into the drug area a
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.465program that was i)ut into Jack
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467Mr. Brasco. Possibly. However, w
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469him, arrange to get somebody els
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471ainpheta.mines, or barbiturates.
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473In the meantime, the Institute d
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475treated in the community centers
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477research on narcotics in the sam
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479c 53 03E
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NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION,
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483spending for research through NI
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485There has been no concerted seri
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487it is left in one of their veins
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489I do not think I should explain
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491Dr. ViLLARREAL. Until the reflex
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493evidence strongly shows is that
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495Chairman Pepper. One other quest
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497Dr. ViLLARREAL. So, it is a biol
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'.499could result in a laboratory s
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5qifinds it in normal exploration.
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503synthesized a large number of na
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505STATEMENT OE DR. ALBERT KURLAND,
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507discovered if we iiad taken the
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509Mr. Perito. Dr. Kurland, do you
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511Chairman Pepper. Has the Food an
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513]Mr. Steiger. Do you feel from y
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515In this second study there was a
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517were any significant differences
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519The Deceptive Communication and
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.522than a State psychiatric hospit
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524Department of Mental Hygiene), R
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TABLE 3—COMPARISON OF THE 1ST POS
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528TABLE 10—RELATIONSHIP OF AGE T
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530tution and his involvement in th
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Attachment No. 5;r\ N-CH,-CH=CHo ,
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'-534Chart No. U (case No. 672)Disp
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536Chart No. 4 (case No. 694)Illust
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538Chart No. 35 {case No. 697)Excep
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540This amount of heroin is roughly
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5msuccessful or not in that short a
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544Chairman Pepper. Would you repea
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54^creased amount of licit as well
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—54Sand the bureaucracy and the a
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,,Mr.550you have used some of the s
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552so many areas is also a pitiful
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55,4nitiide of heroin addiction in
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556reached $976.5 billion, we can w
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558Mr. Jones was appointed to the c
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560cant when you consider that Out
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562criminal act in his lifetime. Ye
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—564Mr. Perito. Would it be fair
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566Now, Dr. Cliambers, can yon resp
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—568Mr. Raxgel. Our distinguished
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;-570Mr. Jones. That is correct. Ou
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572the commissioner, $186 million i
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574there should be something in the
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576and the way in which the funds a
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57SDr. Chambers. I think wliat you
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580Education is the best way of pre
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58-2Certain essential facts must re
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584done through determined action,
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586druffs, has the Nation's largest
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:588To repeat, methadone maintenanc
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:590I believe the Federal Governmen
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:take no such satisfaction. We have
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594of value in the testimony you ha
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596gone ahead with several. We have
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598force within our State Police De
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60PRased on the proposed goal of 2.
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602STATEMENT OF HON. MILTON SIIAPP,
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(51)4and apprehend the wholesalers
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J'606[Exhibit No. 23Prepared Statem
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608Under our 1071-72 budget proposa
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GIOcenters for the treatment of her
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. Dr.612Bourne informs me that we h
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614Governors in Atlanta to which re
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616pretty bad news, because it indi
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618Scientific statistical ioformati
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620((')) Finally, I believe that al
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622Governor Carter. I certainly rec
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Page 644 and 645:
624programs that are now available,
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Page 646 and 647:
626all of the top officials in the
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Page 648 and 649:
628perhaps greater than some of the
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Page 650 and 651:
)630tion and many others attempting
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Page 652 and 653:
632(3) Long term residential self-h
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634for the support of drug service
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Page 656 and 657:
:636D. NARCO, Inc.Narcotics Addicti
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Page 658 and 659:
638crimes to obtain the necessary m
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Page 660 and 661:
640million to $25 milliou per year.
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Page 662 and 663:
642Mr. Perito. Thank yoii. Mr. Chai
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Page 664 and 665:
644narcotic antagonist, and the oth
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Page 666 and 667:
646. Dr. Kramer. From what I have s
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Page 668 and 669:
—(348your money on, but methadone
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Page 670 and 671:
—650I know of no techinque in pri
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652Dr. Kramer. Yes, sir. As a matte
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:'654prison and who liave no—wlio
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65GDr. KT?A:\rEij. 1 suspect tliat
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658support some of the inethadone p
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'6660Dr. IvKAisrKK. 1 believe that
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662jrest that the Veterans' Adminis
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Page 684 and 685:
664opiates may be ingested in sever
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Page 686 and 687:
666(5) It suppresses the desire for
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Page 688 and 689:
668Many people have benefited from
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Page 690 and 691:
—G70Other researches which may di
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Page 692 and 693:
672synthetic painkillers, our commi
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074IV. A universal ban on legitimat
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Page 696 and 697:
..676iTlius we must look to educati
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Page 698 and 699:
678states, from Arnold Becker, publ
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Page 700 and 701:
680However, we must look at rehabil
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Page 702 and 703:
:682(a) The natural history of narc
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Page 704 and 705:
684was a heavy user. The decrease i
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Page 706 and 707:
686(13) Wallace. R. K. : Physiologi
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Page 708 and 709:
688TABLE 9.-USE OF "HARD LIQUOR" BE
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