Review on bolometer technologies - APC

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Hot electron bolometers (HEB)TiN, NbN, NbSi…Energy is directly absorbed by the electrons of the sensor without phonon mediation.Electron-phonon decoupling is weak enough at low temperatures to replace membrane decoupling.Advantages:Simplification and reliability of fabrication process with high number of pixels.Nb x Si 1-x (CSNSM France)Coupled to antennas ordirectly absorbing incident radiation (Absorption-Temperature measure-Decoupling in the same material)G is proportional to NbSi dimensions100µm x 100µm x 0.1µmNbSi sensorPlanckdecouplingDirect absorbtion: R square→377Ω (vacuum impedance)adjusted by the thickness and composition x of Nb xSi 1-xNEP performances will be soon tested at 40mK
Pair-breaking detectors (STJ, MKID)Incident energy is not detected by its thermal effects (temperature rise).Energy breaks Cooper-pairs of a superconductor and creates quasiparticles(analogous to photoconductors with ~meV gap)Quasiparticles can be measured:• Using a tunnel junction (STJ)• Variation of kinetic inductance (MKID)• Trapped into a TESAl (and sometimes Nb) superconductors are actually used.Operates well below Tc to reduce quasiparticle generation-recombination noise.No need to precisely regulate the cryostat.
Page 5 and 6: Large number of experiments using s
Page 7 and 8: SCUBA 2 TES imager. (450µm and 850
Page 9 and 10: Feed-horns - λ/4 cavities - antenn
Page 11: JPL Antenna-coupled bolometer, and
Page 15 and 16: 10% bandwidth around 675 GHzfully s
Page 18 and 19: LABOCA Large APEX Bolometer Camera

Review on bolometer technologies - APC

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