Customizing the Body (PDF file) - Print My Tattoo
Customizing the Body (PDF file) - Print My Tattoo Customizing the Body (PDF file) - Print My Tattoo
167 Epilogue 2008 and the emphasis on intense colors that characterize this style allow for soft transitions in the designs so that the artist can create tattoos that display photo-realistic precision and simulate watercolor painting. Other styles have emerged from this style, such as the largely black and grey “Dark Art” associated with New York artist Paul Booth and the colorful biomechanical work pioneered by Guy Aitchison. (For more about these and other artists and to view examples of their work, see the list of Selected Tattoo Artist Websites at the back of this book.) Less obviously influenced by the French School, but still owing a substantial debt to the increased pallet, is the so-called “New Skool” of tattooing, pioneered by Grime and other members of the New Skool Tattoo Collective in California. New Skool tattooing reflects the traditional Americana aesthetic of heavy, bold outlines and flat, dense colors but is composed of images that are typically bizarre, ironic, and uniquely individual (see Irwin, 2001, 2003). The other major stylistic movements in tattooing follow fairly loosely in the footsteps of Japanese tattoo masters like Horiyoshi I, II, and III, Horitoshi, Horihide, and others. Often called “Neo- Japanese” or “Contemporary Japanese” (or even “American Japanese”), this style focuses on large-scale work that is more subtle and precise than traditional Japanese tattooing. Changes in needle configurations are an important technological component in Neo-Japanese tattooing and other contemporary styles. Swiss artist Filip Leu is known for a variety of artistic innovations, but perhaps his most enduring contribution to tattooing is his pioneering work with large “magnum” needles. Leu began experimenting with 25-, 35-, and 45-point magnums in the early 2000s because he was dissatisfied with the amount of space he could cover with more traditional 7-, 9-, or 11-point configurations. Moving to the larger format required fashioning new needle tubes that could accommodate the substantially larger needle groups (a 45 magnum is about an inch wide), as well as adjusting the voltage at which his machines ran. The end result, however, was revolutionary for tattoo artists working in large scale since it allowed the artist to complete a full backpiece in as little as 12 hours, with less damage to the skin and substantially less pain for the client. While learning to tattoo with the large magnum needles required a bit of practice, these configurations have made large-
168 Epilogue 2008 scale work easier to accomplish, easier to endure, and even less expensive, as artists who are in high demand often charge by the hour. The major pioneers in this style of tattooing are Filip Leu in Lausanne, Switzerland; Mick Tattoo in Zurich, Switzerland; Luke Atkinson in Stuttgart, Germany; and Tin Tin in Paris. As these movements have developed along parallel lines, their eventual merger was almost inevitable. This merger is currently happening in American custom tattooing where a variety of artists are now using the magnums to create works in the large scale associated with Japanese work that incorporate decidedly American imagery such as scenes from American horror movies and the fantasy paintings of Frank Frazetta. As often happens with new movements in tattoo art, some are wondering how well the boldness of the colors and subtlety of the designs will hold up over time. The tattoo world is constituted by more than practitioners, equipment, and styles. Tattoo clients are an essential component. The tattooists presented in the first edition of Customizing the Body spoke enthusiastically about the diffusion of tattooing and the increasing diversity of their clientele. Recent discussions (for example, Kang and Jones, 2007) continue to stress that doctors, lawyers, priests, housewives, and university professors are acquiring tattoos. While the increased popularity of tattooing is clear, the decreased stigma associated with wearing a tattoo has meant that people are more willing to display their tattoos in public. This era, then, is marked as much by the increased visibility of tattoos, as by their increased prevalence. Tattoo Collectors The most striking change in how people acquire and wear tattoos comes from the confluence of increased artistic standards and abilities among tattooers and tattoo artists, increased prevalence of tattoo shops and studios, and the decreased intensity of the stigma associated with visible tattoos. These changes are seen in the growing number of “collectors” in the tattoo world. While it is difficult to say with any precision how much more prevalent collectors now are among the ranks of the tattooed, one thing is almost certain: the time, energy, skin, and money people invest in getting tattooed have increased markedly over the last ten to fifteen years.
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168 Epilogue 2008<br />
scale work easier to accomplish, easier to endure, and even less<br />
expensive, as artists who are in high demand often charge by <strong>the</strong><br />
hour. The major pioneers in this style of tattooing are Filip Leu in<br />
Lausanne, Switzerland; Mick <strong>Tattoo</strong> in Zurich, Switzerland; Luke<br />
Atkinson in Stuttgart, Germany; and Tin Tin in Paris.<br />
As <strong>the</strong>se movements have developed along parallel lines, <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
eventual merger was almost inevitable. This merger is currently<br />
happening in American custom tattooing where a variety of artists<br />
are now using <strong>the</strong> magnums to create works in <strong>the</strong> large scale associated<br />
with Japanese work that incorporate decidedly American<br />
imagery such as scenes from American horror movies and <strong>the</strong><br />
fantasy paintings of Frank Frazetta. As often happens with new<br />
movements in tattoo art, some are wondering how well <strong>the</strong> boldness<br />
of <strong>the</strong> colors and subtlety of <strong>the</strong> designs will hold up over<br />
time.<br />
The tattoo world is constituted by more than practitioners,<br />
equipment, and styles. <strong>Tattoo</strong> clients are an essential component.<br />
The tattooists presented in <strong>the</strong> first edition of <strong>Customizing</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Body</strong> spoke enthusiastically about <strong>the</strong> diffusion of tattooing and<br />
<strong>the</strong> increasing diversity of <strong>the</strong>ir clientele. Recent discussions (for<br />
example, Kang and Jones, 2007) continue to stress that doctors,<br />
lawyers, priests, housewives, and university professors are acquiring<br />
tattoos. While <strong>the</strong> increased popularity of tattooing is<br />
clear, <strong>the</strong> decreased stigma associated with wearing a tattoo has<br />
meant that people are more willing to display <strong>the</strong>ir tattoos in<br />
public. This era, <strong>the</strong>n, is marked as much by <strong>the</strong> increased visibility<br />
of tattoos, as by <strong>the</strong>ir increased prevalence.<br />
<strong>Tattoo</strong> Collectors<br />
The most striking change in how people acquire and wear tattoos<br />
comes from <strong>the</strong> confluence of increased artistic standards<br />
and abilities among tattooers and tattoo artists, increased prevalence<br />
of tattoo shops and studios, and <strong>the</strong> decreased intensity of<br />
<strong>the</strong> stigma associated with visible tattoos. These changes are seen<br />
in <strong>the</strong> growing number of “collectors” in <strong>the</strong> tattoo world. While it<br />
is difficult to say with any precision how much more prevalent<br />
collectors now are among <strong>the</strong> ranks of <strong>the</strong> tattooed, one thing is<br />
almost certain: <strong>the</strong> time, energy, skin, and money people invest in<br />
getting tattooed have increased markedly over <strong>the</strong> last ten to fifteen<br />
years.