violence against children WORLD REPORT ON - CRIN

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4FIGURE 4.2The percentage of children aged 13–15 who had beenbullied at least once within the last 30 daysZambia (N=2257)Zimbabwe (Harare) (N=1997)Kenya (N=3691)Namibia (N=6367)4851676360575757Botswana (N=2197)Uganda (N=3215)Chile (Metropolitan Region) (N=2111)Jordan (N=2457)Swaziland (N=7341)Guyana (N=1212)Lebanon (N=5115)Venezuela (Lara) (N=2166)Philippines (N=7338)Oman (N=2979)United Arab Emirates (N=15790)China (Beijing) (N=2348)Source: Analysis provided to the Study by the Global School-Based Student Health Survey:The World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/chp/gshs or http://www.cdc.gov/gshs)for surveys conducted in 2003-51717232529384338433936373736373541424352530 20 40 60 80505050FemalesMalesPercentage125Violence against children in schools and educational settings
“Two kids were fighting and one of them pulled out a gun…because there were too many people aroundthem…he didn’t do anything, but I think he would have shot him if there was no one around.”Boy, 11, North America, 2005 VIII126Violence against children in schools and educational settingsvictims. Bullying can lead to fighting, with orwithout weapons. Physical assault can occuras a separate phenomenon, as in the case ofan attack by one person on another driven byinflamed feelings of anger or jealousy. It mayalso be driven by general feelings of rage, frustrationor humiliation unprovoked by anythingthe victim may have done, as in the case of violentsexual assault and random shootings.Analysis of data from the 2001/02 HBSCsurvey revealed that anywhere from 25% ofschool-aged children in Finland to 49% ofschool-aged children in Lithuania had engagedin physical fights during the past 12 monthsand that physical fights were far more commonamong boys than girls (see Figure 4.3). 87 Analysisof data from more recent surveys done aspart of the GSHS suggests that, in developingcountries, fighting is more common, andgirls from developing countries are more likelyto participate in it than girls in developed andtransitional countries (see Figure 4.3). 88Boys tend to engage in physical fighting andassault against each other as they seek to live upto stereotypes of males as being powerful andstrong. 89 Students at a Kenyan university wereasked to record their ‘Memories of ChildhoodViolence’. What they recalled most vividly wasviolence by teachers, but they described bullyingand fighting among children in ways thatsuggested they were barely worthy of recollectionand just accepted parts of school culture. 90Homicide and serious injuryHomicide and assault resulting in seriousphysical injury– is comparatively rare inschools, and accounts for only a tiny proportionof criminal violence in the whole of society.Media attention to extreme events such asknifings or shootings in schools has created adistorted impression of the prevalence of suchviolence, but it has also prompted enquiry intothe connections between violence in schoolsand criminal violence by juveniles and adultsoutside schools.The testimony of children, parents, teachersand others during the Children’s Forums andRegional Consultations held as part of thisStudy suggests that extreme violence in schoolsneeds to be studied more thoroughly. A studyin Jamaica found that 61% of students hadwitnessed acts of violence at school, 29% ofthose acts had caused injuries, and that manychildren felt unsafe in schools. 91 In Jamaica,the homicide rate was 55 per 100,000 in 2004,and 25% of those arrested for all violent crimeswere school-aged children, mainly boys. Mostof those crimes took place away from schools;however, a separate study has concluded thatcrimes that did occur in schools were due tofactors in wider Jamaican society, suggestingthe need for comprehensive solutions. 92Weapons in schoolsA recent nationwide study in the USA foundthat from 3% to 10% of students carried weaponson school property, while 12% to 25%carried weapons outside school. The samestudy found that 13% of students had beeninvolved in fights on school property at leastonce in the previous year and 33% had beeninvolved in fights outside school. The studyfound that 5% of all students had stayed away
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WORLD REPORT ONviolence against chi
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The designations employed and the p
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IVNature and extent of the problem
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I would like to thank the generous
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the University of Alberta, Canada;
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XII
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primary obligation to prevent viole
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sultations that were facilitated by
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UNICEF/HQ 05-1826. Giacomo PirozziU
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An end to violence against children
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“Children are not mini-human bein
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“There is a large gap between wha
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“Throughout history some children
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“Violence against children is a s
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“I hate being a child, I hate bei
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14ity, the short- and long-term rep
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“Nations will not prosper if thei
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“This study provides a comprehens
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20An end to violence against childr
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“Ending violence against children
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“All of our proposals are achieva
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26An end to violence against childr
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UNICEF/HQ05-1931. Roger LemoyneHAIT
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30Violence against children and int
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“I really believe there is nothin
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“Children are betrayed every day
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“In bringing to light the many is
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“Fundamental rights, children rig
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Regional treaties relevant to viole
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42Violence against children and int
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UNICEF/HQ01-0432. Claudio VersianiB
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46Violence against children in the
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“The Study marks a watershed in a
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“I was forced to marry with an ol
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“One day I went to put the cows t
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“I was just 15 years old and was
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“I hate early marriage. I was mar
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FIGURE 3.2The prevalence of FGM amo
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“Violence against children in the
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“It could appear a feeling of gui
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“When the head of the household h
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“Some of our parents fight in fro
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176Violence against Children in car
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Human rights instrumentsThe Interna
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“There were teachers [at the ‘o
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“Ninety percent of the kids that
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“It was like being crucified on a
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“When I went to prison, I was aro
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“I was tortured in prison and mal
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“We are beaten by security forces
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Case study: diversion pilot project
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“We feel our juvenile justice sys
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Case study: de-institutionalisation
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UNICEF/HQ06-0343. Giacomo PirozziPA
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232Violence against children in pla
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“Raids are conducted on our work
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“Preventive action against violen
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‘We all come from the same villag
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“Bihari ustads (masters) punish t
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“If I broke something or did some
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“In the seven years I was working
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“No child should have to fight a
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The long struggle to end the use of
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“We have reduced the heavy work t
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“The protection of children invol
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KEYSTONE/AP- Photo/Dolores OchoaECU
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“A paradigm shift is needed. We h
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same age group. Preliminary data fr
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“In all countries children with d
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“They treat you badly. You don’
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When tradition meets superstitionVi
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“When I come out of my house the
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Repressive anti-gang policies in La
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Violence against children in situat
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Cyber-space and cyber-threats - the
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Cyber-space and cyber-threats - the
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Table 7.3 - Current worldwide Inter
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“I used to think that being a gir
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“Children are caught between the
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‘The way to decrease violence is
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South Africa’s Thuthuzela Care Ce
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Firearms, alcohol, and the preventi
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“If you want to know how to paint
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“We believe that governments and
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Sueraya Shaheen- Cité du TempsEL S
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“Too often, we see that legislati
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AnnexEstimated homicide rates by re
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Notes..............................
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Notes..............................
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Notes..............................
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